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best historical novels and tales(乔纳森尼尔德历史小说故事精选).-第3部分

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ing under strictly Contemporary classification。                  I would forestall the 

criticism   that   two   writers   have   been   passed   over   whose   fame   is   greater 

than    any   of  those    just  mentioned;     viz。:  〃Stendhal〃      (Henri   Beyle)    and 

Alphonse Daudet。          Beyle's 〃La Chartreuse de Parme;〃 though containing 

the    oft…praised    account     of  Waterloo;     is  far   more    Psychological      than 

Historical; and Daudet's 〃Robert Helmont;〃 while it depicts (under Diary 

form)   certain   aspects   of   the    Franco…German   War;   has   hardly   any   plot 

running   through   it。     As   the   Waterloo   and   Franco…German   War   periods 

were     amply     illustrated    in   numerous      other    novels    of   more    assured 

suitability; I had the less hesitation in deciding against the two works just 

named。      In   the   selections   from   Foreign   Historical   Fiction   nothing   more 

has been attempted than to include the leading examples; most of these; it 

will be found; have been translated into English。 

     Before leaving the subject of older writers; it may be mentioned that 

not a few of the works chosen to represent them are; at the moment; out of 

print。    To   anyone   objecting   that   something   ought   to   have   been   done   to 

indicate this in each separate case; I would urge that the 〃out of print〃 line 

can never be drawn with precision in view of constant reprints as well as 

of further extinctions。 

     Perhaps this introduction may be most fitly concluded by something in 

the nature of apology for Historical Romance itself。                  Not only has fault 

been found with the deficiencies of unskilled authors in that department; 

but the question has been asked by one or two critics of standingWhat 

right has the Historical Novel to exist at all?              More often than not; it is 

pointed out; the Romancist gives us a mass of inaccuracies; which; while 

they mislead the ignorant (i。e。; the majority?); are an unpardonable offence 



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to the historically…minded reader。            Moreover; the writer of such Fiction; 

though he be a Thackeray or a Scott; cannot surmount barriers which are 

not    merely    hard   to  scale;   but  absolutely   impassable。        The    spirit  of  a 

period   is   like   the   selfhood   of   a   human   beingsomething   that   cannot   be 

handed on; try as we may; it is impossible for us to breathe the atmosphere 

of a bygone time; since all those thousand… and…one details which went to 

the building   up   of   both   individual   and   general   experience;   can   never   be 

reproduced。       We consider (say) the Eighteenth Century from the purely 

Historical standpoint; and; while we do so; are under no delusion as to our 

limitations; we know that a few of the leading personages and events have 

been     brought    before   us   in  a  more    or  less  disjointed    fashion;    and   are 

perfectly   aware      that  there   is  room   for   much    discrepancy   between        the 

pictures so presented to us (be it with immense skill) and the actual facts 

as they took place in such and such a year。               But; goes on the objector; in 

the case of a Historical Romance we allow ourselves to be hoodwinked; 

for; under the influence of a pseudo… historic security; we seem to watch 

the real sequence of events in so far as these affect the characters in whom 

we    are   interested。   How     we    seem    to  live  in  those    early  years    of  the 

Eighteenth Century; as we follow Henry Esmond from point to point; and 

yet; in truth; we are breathing not the atmosphere of Addison and Steele; 

but the atmosphere   created by  the brilliant   Nineteenth Century  Novelist; 

partly out of his erudite conception of a former period; and partly out of 

the   emotions   and   thoughts   engendered   by   that   very   environment   which 

was his own; and from which he could not escape! 

     Well; to all such criticisms it seems to me there are ample rejoinders。 

In   the   first   place   it   must   be   remembered   that   History   itself   possesses 

interest    for   us   more    as   the  unfolding      of  certain    moral    and   mental 

developments   than   as   the   mere   enumeration   of   facts。        Of   course;   I   am 

aware that the ideal of the Historian is Truth utterly regardless of prejudice 

and inclination; but; as with all other human ideals; this one is never fully 

realised; and there is ever that discrepancy between Fact and its Narration 

to which I just now alluded。          This being so; I would askIs not the writer 

of Fiction justified in emphasising those elements of History which have a 

bearing on life and character in general?              There is; doubtless; a wise and 



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an   unwise   method   of   procedure。        One   novelist;   in   the   very   effort   to   be 

accurate;   produces   a   work   whichbeing   neither   History   nor   Fictionis 

simply dull; while another; who has gauged the true relation between fact 

and   imagination;  knows better than   to bring   into prominence that   which 

should   remain   only   as   a   background。         After   all;   there   are   certain   root 

motives      and   principles     which;    though     they   vary    indefinitely     in  their 

application; underlie Human Conduct; and are mon to all ages alike。 

Given   a   fairly  accurate knowledge   as   regards   the   general   history  of   any 

period;   bined   with   some   investigation   into   its   special   manners   and 

customs;   there   is   no   reason   why  a   truly  imaginative   novelist   should   not 

produce a work at once satisfying to romantic and historical instincts。 

     Again; if it be   true that the  novelist cannot reproduce the far past   in 

any strict sense; it is also true that neither can he so reproduce the life and 

events     of   yesterday。     That     power     of  imaginative      memory;      which     all 

exercise in daily experience; may be held in very different degrees; but its 

enjoyment is not dependent on accuracy of representationfor; were this 

so; none   of   us   would   possess   it。    In   an   analogous   manner the   writer  of 

Romance may be more or less adequately equipped on the side of History 

pure and simple; but he need not wait for that which will never ethe 

power of reproducing in toto a past age。                If; in reading what purports to 

be no more than a Novel; the struggle between Christianity and Paganism 

(for example);  or the   unbounded   egotism  of   Napoleon; be   brought   more 

vividly before our mindsand this may be done by suggestion as well as 

by exact relation; then; I would maintain; we are to some extent educated 

historically; using the word in a large though perfectly legitimate sense。 

     I   recently    read    a  work     which     here   presents     itself  as   admirably 

illustrating     my    meaning。      In    her   too   little  known     〃Adventures       of  a 

Goldsmith〃 Miss M。 H。 Bourchier has contrived to bring forcibly before 

us   the   period   when   Napoleon;   fast   approaching   the   zenith   of   his   power; 

was     known     in  France     as  the   〃First   Consul。〃      The    〃man     of  destiny〃 

himselfappearing on the scene for little more than a brief momentcan 

in no sense be described as one of the book's characters; and yet the whole 

plot is so skilfully contrived as to hinge on his personality。                 We are made 

to feel the dominating influence of that powerful will upon the fears and 



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hopes of a time brimming over with revolutionary movement。                            Whether 

the Chouan revolt is in this particular story accurately depicted for us in all 

its    phases;    or   whether      the   motives      which     impelled      certain    public 

characters are therein interpreted arightboth in regard to these and other 

points there may be room for doubt; but at least the general forces of the 

period are placed before us in such a way as to drive home the conviction 

that; be the historical inaccuracies of detail what they may in the eyes of 

this or that specialist; the picture as a whole is one which; while it rivets 

our attention as lovers of romance; does no injury to the strictest Historic 

sense。 

     I   know     well   that   numerous      novels    might    be   cited   which;    besides 

abounding   in   anachronisms;   are   harmful   in   that   they   present   us   with   a 

misleading        conception      of   some     personality      or   period;    moreover;       I 

acknowledge that this defect is by no means confined to romances of an 

inferior   literary   order。     That   Cromwell   has   been   unreasonably   vilified; 

and Mary Queen of Scots misconceived as a saintly martyr how often are 

these     charges    brought     against    not  a  few    of  our   leading    exponents      of 

Historical Fiction。        Let this be fully granted; it remains to askTo whom 

were   our   novelists   originally  indebted   for   these   misconceptions?             Were 

not   the   historians   of   an   earlier   generation   responsible   for   these   wrong 

judgments?         True;   the   real   Science   of   Historythe   sifting   of   evidence; 

and     the    discovery      and    unravelling      of   ancient     documentsmay          be 

described       
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