themistocles-第7部分

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state　through　the　city　of　Sardis；　with　the　tiara　set　in　the　royal
manner　upon　his　head；　Mithropaustes；　cousin　to　the　king；　touched　him
on　the　head；　and　told　him　that　he　had　no　brains　for　the　royal　tiara　to
cover；　and　if　Jupiter　should　give　him　his　lightning　and　thunder；　he
would　not　any　the　more　be　Jupiter　for　that；　the　king　also　repulsed　him
with　anger；　resolving　never　to　be　reconciled　to　him；　but　to　be
inexorable　to　all　supplications　on　his　behalf。　Yet　Themistocles
pacified　him；　and　prevailed　with　him　to　forgive　him。　And　it　is
reported　that　the　succeeding　kings；　in　whose　reigns　there　was　a
greater　communication　between　the　Greeks　and　Persians；　when　they
invited　any　considerable　Greek　into　their　service；　to　encourage　him；
would　write；　and　promise　him　that　he　should　be　as　great　with　them　as
Themistocles　had　been。　They　relate；　also；　how　Themistocles；　when　he
was　in　great　prosperity；　and　courted　by　many；　seeing　himself
splendidly　served　at　his　table；　turned　to　his　children　and　said；
〃Children；　we　had　been　undone　if　we　had　not　been　undone。〃　Most　writers
say　that　he　had　three　cities　given　him；　Magnesia；　Myus；　and　Lampsacus；
to　maintain　him　in　bread；　meat；　and　wine。　Neanthes　of　Cyzicus；　and
Phanias；　add　two　more；　the　city　of　Palaescepsis；　to　provide　him　with
clothes；　and　Percote；　with　bedding　and　furniture　for　his　house。
　　As　he　was　going　down　towards　the　sea…coast　to　take　measures
against　Greece；　a　Persian　whose　name　was　Epixyes；　governor　of　the
upper　Phrygia；　laid　wait　to　kill　him；　having　for　that　purpose　provided
a　long　time　before　a　number　of　Pisidians；　who　were　to　set　upon　him
when　he　should　stop　to　rest　at　a　city　that　is　called　Lion's…head。
But　Themistocles；　sleeping　in　the　middle　of　the　day；　saw　the　Mother　of
the　gods　appear　to　him　in　a　dream　and　say　unto　him；　〃Themistocles；
keep　back　from　the　Lion's…head；　for　fear　you　fall　into　the　lion's
jaws；　for　this　advice　I　expect　that　your　daughter　Mnesiptolema
should　be　my　servant。〃　Themistocles　was　much　astonished；　and　when　he
had　made　his　vows　to　the　goddess；　left　the　broad　road；　and；　making　a
circuit；　went　another　way；　changing　his　intended　station　to　avoid　that
place；　and　at　night　took　up　his　rest　in　the　fields。　But　one　of　the
sumpter…horses；　which　carried　the　furniture　for　his　tent；　having
fallen　that　day　into　the　river；　his　servants　spread　out　the
tapestry；　which　was　wet；　and　hung　it　up　to　dry；　in　the　meantime　the
Pisidians　made　towards　them　with　their　swords　drawn；　and；　not
discerning　exactly　by　the　moon　what　it　was　that　was　stretched　out；
thought　it　to　be　the　tent　of　Themistocles；　and　that　they　should　find
him　resting　himself　within　it；　but　when　they　came　near；　and　lifted
up　the　hangings；　those　who　watched　there　fell　upon　them　and　took　them。
Themistocles；　having　escaped　this　great　danger；　in　admiration　of　the
goodness　of　the　goddess　that　appeared　to　him；　built；　in　memory　of
it；　a　temple　in　the　city　of　Magnesia；　which　is　dedicated　to　Dindymene；
Mother　of　the　gods；　in　which　he　consecrated　and　devoted　his　daughter
Mnesiptolema　to　her　service。
　　When　he　came　to　Sardis；　he　visited　the　temples　of　the　gods；　and
observing；　at　his　leisure；　their　buildings；　ornaments；　and　the
number　of　their　offerings；　he　saw　in　the　temple　of　the　Mother　of　the
gods　the　statue　of　a　virgin　in　brass；　two　cubits　high；　called　the
water…bringer。　Themistocles　had　caused　this　to　be　made　and　set　up　when
he　was　surveyor　of　the　waters　at　Athens　out　of　the　fines　of　those　whom
he　detected　in　drawing　off　and　diverting　the　public　water　by　pipes　for
their　private　use；　and　whether　he　had　some　regret　to　see　this　image　in
captivity；　or　was　desirous　to　let　the　Athenians　see　in　what　great
credit　and　authority　he　was　with　the　king；　he　entered　into　a　treaty
with　the　governor　to　persuade　him　to　send　this　statue　back　to　Athens；
which　so　enraged　the　Persian　officer；　that　he　told　him　he　would　write
the　king　word　of　it。　Themistocles；　being　affrighted　hereat；　got
access　to　his　wives　and　concubines；　by　presents　of　money　to　whom　he
appeased　the　fury　of　the　governor；　and　afterwards　behaved　with　more
reserve　and　circumspection；　fearing　the　envy　of　the　Persians；　and
did　not；　as　Theopompus　writes；　continue　to　travel　about　Asia；　but
lived　quietly　in　his　own　house　in　Magnesia；　where　for　a　long　time　he
passed　his　days　in　great　security；　being　courted　by　all；　and　enjoying
rich　presents；　and　honoured　equally　with　the　greatest　persons　in　the
Persian　empire；　the　king；　at　that　time；　not　minding　his　concerns　with
Greece；　being　taken　up　with　the　affairs　of　inner　Asia。
　　But　when　Egypt　revolted；　being　assisted　by　the　Athenians；　and　the
Greek　galleys　roved　about　as　far　as　Cyprus　and　Cilicia；　and　Cimon
had　made　himself　master　of　the　seas；　the　king　turned　his　thoughts
thither；　and；　bending　his　mind　chiefly　to　resist　the　Greeks；　and　to
check　the　growth　of　their　power　against　him；　began　to　raise　forces；
and　send　out　commanders；　and　to　despatch　messengers　to　Themistocles　at
Magnesia；　to　put　him　in　mind　of　his　promise；　and　to　summon　him　to
act　against　the　Greeks。　Yet　this　did　not　increase　his　hatred　nor
exasperate　him　against　the　Athenians；　neither　was　he　in　any　way
elevated　with　the　thoughts　of　the　honour　and　powerful　command　he　was
to　have　in　this　war；　but　judging；　perhaps；　that　the　object　would　not
be　attained；　the　Greeks　having　at　that　time；　beside　other　great
commanders；　Cimon；　in　particular；　who　was　gaining　wonderful　military
successes；　but　chiefly　being　ashamed　to　sully　the　glory　of　his
former　great　actions；　and　of　his　many　victories　and　trophies；　he
determined　to　put　a　conclusion　to　his　life；　agreeable　to　its
previous　course。　He　sacrificed　to　the　gods；　and　invited　his　friends；
and；　having　entertained　them　and　shaken　hands　with　them；　drank
bull's　blood；　as　is　the　usual　story；　as　others　state；　a　poison
producing　instant　death；　and　ended　his　days　in　the　city　of　Magnesia；
having　lived　sixty…five　years；　most　of　which　he　had　spent　in
politics　and　in　wars；　in　government　and　command。　The　king　being
informed　of　the　cause　and　manner　of　his　death；　admired　him　more　than
ever；　and　continued　to　show　kindness　to　his　friends　and　relations。
　　Themistocles　left　three　sons　by　Archippe；　daughter　to　Lysander　of
Alopece；…　Archeptolis；　Poleuctus；　and　Cleophantus。　Plato；　the
philosopher；　mentions　the　last　as　a　most　excellent　horseman；　but
otherwise　insignificant　person；　of　two　sons　yet　older　than　these；
Neocles　and　Diocles；　Neocles　died　when　he　was　young　by　the　bite　of　a
horse；　and　Diocles　was　adopted　by　his　grandfather；　Lysander。　He　had
many　daughters；　of　whom　Mnesiptolema；　whom　he　had　by　a　second
marriage；　was　wife　to　Archeptolis；　her　brother　by　another　mother；
Italia　was　married　to　Panthoides；　of　the　island　of　Chios；　Sybaris　to
Nicomedes　the　Athenian。　After　the　death　of　Themistocles；　his　nephew；
Phrasicles；　went　to　Magnesia；　and　married；　with　her　brothers'　consent；
another　daughter；　Nicomache；　and　took　charge　of　her　sister　Asia；　the
youngest　of　all　the　children。
　　The　Magnesians　possess　a　splendid　sepulchre　of　Themistocles；
placed　in　the　middle　of　their　market…place。　It　is　not　worth　while
taking　notice　of　what　Andocides　states　in　his　address　to　his　Friends
concerning　his　remains；　how　the　Athenian　robbed　his　tomb；　and　threw
his　ashes　into　the　air；　for　he　feigns　this；　to　exasperate　the
oligarchical　faction　against　the　people；　and　there　is　no　man　living
but　knows　that　Phylarchus　simply　invents　in　his　history；　where　he　all
but　uses　an　actual　stage　machine；　and　brings　in　Neocles　and　Demopolis
as　the　sons　of　Themistocles；　to　incite　or　move　compassion；　as　if　he
were　writing　a　tragedy。　Diodorus　the　cosmographer　says；　in　his　work
on　Tombs；　but　by　conjecture　rather　than　of　certain　knowledge；　that
near　to　the　haven　of　Piraeus　where　the　land　runs　out　like　an　elbow
from　the　promontory　of　Alcimus；　when　you　have　doubled　the　cape　and
passed　inward　where　the　sea　is　always　calm；　there　is　a　large　piece　of
masonry；　and　upon　this　the　Tomb　of　Themistocles；　in　the　shape　of　an
altar；　and　Plato　the　comedian　confirms　this；　he　believes；　in　these
verses：…

　　　　　　　　　〃Thy　tomb　is　fairly　placed　upon　the　strand；
　　　　　　　　　Where　merchants　still　shall　greet　it　with　the　land；
　　　　　　　　　Still　in　and　out　'twill　see　them　come　and　go；
　　　　　　　　　And　watch　the　galleys　as　they　race　below。〃

　　Various　honours　also　and　privileges　were　granted　to　the　kindred　of
Themistocles　at　Magnesia；　which　were　observed　down　to　our　times；　and
were　enjoyed　by　another　Themistocles　of　Athens；　with　whom　I　had　an
intimate　acquaintance　and　friendship　in　the　house　of　Ammonius　the
philosopher。




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