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rubaiyat of omar khayyam-第7部分

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 Ah whence; and whither flown again; who knows!





XCVII。



 Would but the Desert of the Fountain yield

 One glimpseif dimly; yet indeed; reveal'd;

   To which the fainting Traveler might spring;

 As springs the trampled herbage of the field!





XCVIII。



 Would but some winged Angel ere too late

 Arrest the yet unfolded Roll of Fate;

   And make the stern Recorder otherwise

 Enregister; or quite obliterate!





XCIX。



 Ah Love! could you and I with Him conspire

 To grasp this sorry Scheme of Things entire;

   Would not we shatter it to bitsand then

 Re…mold it nearer to the Heart's Desire!





C。



 Yon rising Moon that looks for us again

 How oft hereafter will she wax and wane;

   How oft hereafter rising look for us

 Through this same Gardenand for one in vain!





CI。



 And when like her; oh Saki; you shall pass

 Among the Guests Star…scatter'd on the Grass;

   And in your joyous errand reach the spot

 Where I made Oneturn down an empty Glass!





TAMAM。











Notes









'The references are; except in the first note only; to the stanzas of

the Fifth edition。'





(Stanza I。) Flinging a Stone into the Cup was the signal for 〃To

Horse!〃 in the Desert。



(II。) The 〃False Dawn〃; Subhi Kazib; a transient Light on the Horizon

about an hour before the Subhi sadik or True Dawn; a well…known

Phenomenon in the East。



(IV。) New Year。  Beginning with the Vernal Equinox; it must be

remembered; and (howsoever the old Solar Year is practically

superseded by the clumsy Lunar Year that dates from the Mohammedan

Hijra) still commemorated by a Festival that is said to have been

appointed by the very Jamshyd whom Omar so often talks of; and whose

yearly Calendar he helped to rectify。



〃The sudden approach and rapid advance of the Spring;〃 says Mr。

Binning; 〃are very striking。  Before the Snow is well off the Ground;

the Trees burst into Blossom; and the Flowers start from the Soil。  At

Naw Rooz (their New Year's Day) the Snow was lying in patches on the

Hills and in the shaded Vallies; while the Fruit…trees in the Garden

were budding beautifully; and green Plants and Flowers springing upon

the Plains on every side



  'And on old Hyems' Chin and icy Crown

   An odorous Chaplet of sweet Summer buds

   Is; as in mockery; set'



Among the Plants newly appear'd I recognized some Acquaintances I had

not seen for many a Year: among these; two varieties of the Thistle; a

coarse species of the Daisy; like the Horse…gowan; red and white

clover; the Dock; the blue Cornflower; and that vulgar Herb the

Dandelion rearing its yellow crest on the Banks of the Water…courses。〃

The Nightingale was not yet heard; for the Rose was not yet blown: but

an almost identical Blackbird and Woodpecker helped to make up

something of a North…country Spring。



〃The White Hand of Moses。〃  Exodus iv。 6; where Moses draws forth his

Handnot; according to the Persians; 〃leprous as Snow;〃 but white; as

our May…blossom in Spring perhaps。  According to them also the Healing

Power of Jesus resided in his Breath。



(V。) Iram; planted by King Shaddad; and now sunk somewhere in the

Sands of Arabia。  Jamshyd's Seven…ring'd Cup was typical of the 7

Heavens; 7 Planets; 7 Seas; &c。; and was a Divining Cup。



(VI。) Pehlevi; the old Heroic Sanskrit of Persia。  Hafiz also speaks

of the Nightingale's Pehlevi; which did not change with the People's。



I am not sure if the fourth line refers to the Red Rose looking

sickly; or to the Yellow Rose that ought to be Red; Red; White; and

Yellow Roses all common in Persia。  I think that Southey in his Common…

Place Book; quotes from some Spanish author about the Rose being White

till 10 o'clock; 〃Rosa Perfecta〃 at 2; and 〃perfecta incarnada〃 at 5。



(X。) Rustum; the 〃Hercules〃 of Persia; and Zal his Father; whose

exploits are among the most celebrated in the Shahnama。  Hatim Tai; a

well…known type of Oriental Generosity。



(XIII。) A Drumbeaten outside a Palace。



(XIV。) That is; the Rose's Golden Centre。



(XVIII。) Persepolis: call'd also Takht…i…Jam…shydTHE THRONE OF

JAMSHYD; 〃King Splendid;〃 of the mythical Peshdadian Dynasty; and

supposed (according to the Shah…nama) to have been founded and built

by him。  Others refer it to the Work of the Genie King; Jan Ibn

Janwho also built the Pyramidsbefore the time of Adam。



BAHRAM GUR。Bahram of the Wild Assa Sassanian Sovereignhad also

his Seven Castles (like the King of Bohemia!) each of a different

Colour: each with a Royal Mistress within; each of whom tells him a

Story; as told in one of the most famous Poems of Persia; written by

Amir Khusraw: all these Sevens also figuring (according to Eastern

Mysticism) the Seven Heavens; and perhaps the Book itself that Eighth;

into which the mystical Seven transcend; and within which they

revolve。  The Ruins of Three of those Towers are yet shown by the

Peasantry; as also the Swamp in which Bahram sunk; like the Master of

Ravenswood; while pursuing his Gur。



  The Palace that to Heav'n his pillars threw;

  And Kings the forehead on his threshold drew

     I saw the solitary Ringdove there;

  And 〃Coo; coo; coo;〃 she cried; and 〃Coo; coo; coo。〃



'Included in Nicolas's edition as No。 350 of the Rubaiyat; and also in

Mr。 Whinfield's translation。'



This Quatrain Mr。 Binning found; among several of Hafiz and others;

inscribed by some stray hand among the ruins of Persepolis。  The

Ringdove's ancient Pehlevi Coo; Coo; Coo; signifies also in Persian

〃Where? Where?  Where?〃  In Attar's 〃Bird…parliament〃 she is reproved

by the Leader of the Birds for sitting still; and for ever harping on

that one note of lamentation for her lost Yusuf。



Apropos of Omar's Red Roses in Stanza xix; I am reminded of an old

English Superstition; that our Anemone Pulsatilla; or purple 〃Pasque

Flower;〃 (which grows plentifully about the Fleam Dyke; near

Cambridge;) grows only where Danish Blood has been spilt。



(XXI。) A thousand years to each Planet。



(XXXI。) Saturn; Lord of the Seventh Heaven。



(XXXII。) ME…AND…THEE: some dividual Existence or Personality distinct

from the Whole。



(XXXVII。) One of the Persian PoetsAttar; I thinkhas a pretty story

about this。  A thirsty Traveller dips his hand into a Spring of Water

to drink from。  By…and…by comes another who draws up and drinks from

an earthen bowl; and then departs; leaving his Bowl behind him。  The

first Traveller takes it up for another draught; but is surprised to

find that the same Water which had tasted sweet from his own hand

tastes bitter from the earthen Bowl。  But a Voicefrom Heaven; I

thinktells him the clay from which the Bowl is made was once Man;

and; into whatever shape renew'd; can never lose the bitter flavour of

Mortality。



(XXXIX。) The custom of throwing a little Wine on the ground before

drinking still continues in Persia; and perhaps generally in the East。

Mons。 Nicolas considers it 〃un signe de liberalite; et en meme temps

un avertissement que le buveur doit vider sa coupe jusqu'a la derniere

goutte。〃  Is it not more likely an ancient Superstition; a Libation to

propitiate Earth; or make her an Accomplice in the illicit Revel?  Or;

perhaps; to divert the Jealous Eye by some sacrifice of superfluity;

as with the Ancients of the West?  With Omar we see something more is

signified; the precious Liquor is not lost; but sinks into the ground

to refresh the dust of some poor Wine…worshipper foregone。



Thus Hafiz; copying Omar in so many ways: 〃When thou drinkest Wine

pour a draught on the ground。  Wherefore fear the Sin which brings to

another Gain?〃



(XLIII。) According to one beautiful Oriental Legend; Azrael

accomplishes his mission by holding to the nostril an Apple from the

Tree of Life。



This; and the two following Stanzas would have been withdrawn; as

somewhat de trop; from the Text; but for advice which I least like to

disregard。



(LI。) From Mah to Mahi; from Fish to Moon。



(LVI。) A Jest; of course; at his Studies。  A curious mathematical

Quatrain of Omar's has been pointed out to me; the more curious

because almost exactly parallel'd by some Verses of Doctor Donne's;

that are quoted in Izaak Walton's Lives!  Here is Omar: 〃You and I are

the image of a pair of compasses; though we have two heads (sc。 our

feet) we have one body; when we have fixed the centre for our circle;

we bring our heads (sc。 feet) together at the end。〃  Dr。 Donne:



  If we be two; we two are so

     As stiff twin…compasses are two;

  Thy Soul; the fixt foot; makes no show

     To move; but does if the other do。



  And though thine in the centre sit;

     Yet when my other far does roam;

  Thine leans and hearkens after it;

     And rows erect as mine comes home。



  Such thou must be to me; who must

     Like the other foot obliquely run;

  Thy firmness makes my circle just;

     And me to end where I begun。



(LIX。) The Seventy…two Religions supposed to divide the World;

including Islamism; as some think: but others not。



(LX。) Alluding to Sultan Mahmud's Conquest of India and its dark

people。



(LXVIII。) Fanusi khiyal; a Magic…lanthorn still used in India; the

cylindrical Interior being painted with various Figures; and so

lightly poised and ventilated as to revolve round the lighted Candle

within。



(LXX。) A very mysterious Line in the Original:



   O danad O danad O danad O



breaking off something like our Wood…pigeon's Note; which she is said

to take up just where she left off。



(LXXV。) Parwin and MushtariThe Pleiads and Jupiter。



(LXXXVII。) This Relation of Pot and Potter to Man and his Maker

figures far and wide in the Literature of the World; from the time of

the Hebrew Prophets to the present; when it may finally take the name

of 〃Pot theism;〃 by which Mr。 Carlyle ri
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