historia calamitatum-第2部分

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sy　to　find　words　to　tell　with　what　envy　he　was　consumed　or　with　what　pain　he　was　tormented。　He　could　not　long；　in　truth；　bear　the　anguish　of　what　he　felt　to　be　his　wrongs；　and　shrewdly　he　attacked　me　that　he　might　drive　me　forth。　And　because　there　was　nought　in　my　conduct　whereby　he　could　come　at　me　openly；　he　tried　to　steal　away　the　school　by　launching　the　vilest　calumnies　against　him　who　had　yielded　his　post　to　me；　and　by　putting　in　his　place　a　certain　rival　of　mine。　So　then　I　returned　to　Melun；　and　set　up　my　school　there　as　before；　and　the　more　openly　his　envy　pursued　me；　the　greater　was　the　authority　it　conferred　upon　me。　Even　so　held　the　poet：　〃Jealousy　aims　at　the　peaks；　the　winds　storm　the　loftiest　summits。〃　（Ovid：〃Remedy　for　Love；〃　I；369。）

Not　long　thereafter；　when　William　became　aware　of　the　fact　that　almost　all　his　students　were　holding　grave　doubts　as　to　his　religion；　and　were　whispering　earnestly　among　themselves　about　his　conversion；　deeming　that　he　had　by　no　means　abandoned　this　world；　he　withdrew　himself　and　his　brotherhood；　together　with　his　students；　to　a　certain　estate　far　distant　from　the　city。　Forthwith　I　returned　from　Melun　to　Paris；　hoping　for　peace　from　him　in　the　future。　But　since；　as　I　have　said；　he　had　caused　my　place　to　be　occupied　by　a　rival　of　mine；　I　pitched　the　camp；　as　it　were；　of　my　school　outside　the　city　on　Mont　Ste。　Genevieve。　Thus　I　was　as　one　laying　siege　to　him　who　had　taken　possession　of　my　post。　No　sooner　had　my　master　heard　of　this　than　he　brazenly　returned　post　haste　to　the　city；　bringing　back　with　him　such　students　as　he　could；　and　reinstating　his　brotherhood　in　their　former　monastery；　much　as　if　he　would　free　his　soldiery；　whom　he　had　deserted；　from　my　blockade。　In　truth；　though；　if　it　was　his　purpose　to　bring　them　succour；　he　did　nought　but　hurt　them。　Before　that　time　my　rival　had　indeed　had　a　certain　number　of　students；　of　one　sort　and　another；　chiefly　by　reason　of　his　lectures　on　Priscian；　in　which　he　was　considered　of　great　authority。　After　our　master　had　returned；　however；　he　lost　nearly　all　of　these　followers；　and　thus　was　compelled　to　give　up　the　direction　of　the　school。　Not　long　thereafter；　apparently　despairing　further　of　worldly　fame；　he　was　converted　to　the　monastic　life。

Following　the　return　of　our　master　to　the　city；　the　combats　in　disputation　which　my　scholars　waged　both　with　him　himself　and　with　his　pupils；　and　the　successes　which　fortune　gave　to　us；　and　above　all　to　me；　in　these　wars；　you　have　long　since　learned　of　through　your　own　experience。　The　boast　of　Ajax；　though　I　speak　it　more　temperately；　I　still　am　bold　enough　to　make：

〃if　fain　you　would　learn　now　
How　victory　crowned　the　battle；　by　him　was　
I　never　vanquished。〃　
（Ovid　；　〃Metamorphoses；〃　XIII；　89。）
But　even　were　I　to　be　silent；　the　fact　proclaims　itself；　and　its　outcome　reveals　the　truth　regarding　it。
While　these　things　were　happening；　it　became　needful　for　me　again　to　repair　to　my　old　home；　by　reason　of　my　dear　mother；　Lucia；　for　after　the　conversion　of　my　father；　Berengarius；　to　the　monastic　life；　she　so　ordered　her　affairs　as　to　do　likewise。　When　all　this　had　been　completed；　I　returned　to　France；　above　all　in　order　that　I　might　study　theology；　since　now　my　oft…mentioned　teacher；　William；　was　active　in　the　episcopate　of　Chalons。　In　this　field　of　learning　Anselm　of　Laon；　who　was　his　teacher　therein；　had　for　long　years　enjoyed　the　greatest　renown。

CHAPTER　III
OF　HOW　HE　CAME　TO　LAON　TO　SEEK　ANSELM　AS　TEACHER
I　SOUGHT　out；　therefore；　this　same　venerable　man；　whose　fame；　in　truth；　was　more　the　result　of　long　established　custom　than　of　the　potency　of　his　own　talent　or　intellect。　If　any　one　came　to　him　impelled　by　doubt　on　any　subject；　he　went　away　more　doubtful　still。　He　was　wonderful；　indeed；　in　the　eyes　of　these　who　only　listened　to　him；　but　those　who　asked　him　questions　perforce　held　him　as　nought。　He　had　a　miraculous　flow　of　words；　but　they　were　contemptible　in　meaning　and　quite　void　of　reason。　When　he　kindled　a　fire；　he　filled　his　house　with　smoke　and　illumined　it　not　at　all。　He　was　a　tree　which　seemed　noble　to　those　who　gazed　upon　its　leaves　from　afar；　but　to　those　who　came　nearer　and　examined　it　more　closely　was　revealed　its　barrenness。　When；　therefore；　I　had　come　to　this　tree　that　I　might　pluck　the　fruit　thereof；　I　discovered　that　it　was　indeed　the　fig　tree　which　Our　Lord　cursed　（Matthew　xxi。　19；　Mark　xi。　13）；　or　that　ancient　oak　to　which　Lucan　likened　Pompey；　saying：

〃he　stands；　the　shade　of　a　name　once　mighty；　
Like　to　the　towering　oak　in　the　midst　of　the　fruitful　field。〃　
（Lucan；　〃Pharsalia；〃　IV；　135…）
It　was　not　long　before　I　made　this　discovery；　and　stretched　myself　lazily　in　the　shade　of　that　same　tree。　I　went　to　his　lectures　less　and　less　often；　a　thing　which　some　among　his　eminent　followers　took　sorely　to　heart；　because　they　interpreted　it　as　a　mark　of　contempt　for　so　illustrious　a　teacher。　Thenceforth　they　secretly　sought　！to　influence　him　against　me；　and　by　their　vile　insinuations　made　me　hated　of　him。　It　chanced；　moreover；　that　one　day；　after　the　exposition　of　certain　texts；　we　scholars　were　jesting　among　ourselves；　and　one　of　them；　seeking　to　draw　me　out；　asked　me　what　I　thought　of　the　lectures　on　the　Books　of　Scripture。　I；　who　had　as　yet　studied　only　the　sciences；　replied　that　following　such　lectures　seemed　to　me　most　useful　in　so　far　as　the　salvation　of　the　soul　was　concerned；　but　that　it　appeared　quite　extraordinary　to　me　that　educated　persons　should　not　be　able　to　understand　the　sacred　books　simply　by　studying　them　themselves；　together　with　the　glosses　thereon；　and　without　the　aid　of　any　teacher。　Most　of　those　who　were　present　mocked　at　me；　and　asked　whether　I　myself　could　do　as　I　had　said；　or　whether　I　would　dare　to　undertake　it。　I　answered　that　if　they　wished；　I　was　ready　to　try　it。　Forthwith　they　cried　out　and　jeered　all　the　more。　〃Well　and　good；〃　said　they；　〃we　agree　to　the　test。　Pick　out　and　give　us　an　exposition　of　some　doubtful　passage　in　the　Scriptures；　I　so　that　we　can　put　this　boast　of　yours　to　the　proof。〃　And　they　all　chose　that　most　obscure　prophecy　of　Ezekiel。
I　accepted　the　challenge；　and　invited　them　to　attend　a　lecture　on　the　very　next　day。　Whereupon　they　undertook　to　give　me　good　advice；　saying　that　I　should　by　no　means　make　undue　haste　in　so　important　a　matter；　but　that　I　ought　to　devote　a　much　longer　space　to　working　out　my　exposition　and　offsetting　my　inexperience　by　diligent　toil。　To　this　I　replied　indignantly　that　it　was　my　wont　to　win　success；　not　by　routine；　but　by　ability。　I　added　that　I　would　abandon　the　test　altogether　unless　they　would　agree　not　to　put　off　their　attendance　at　my　lecture。　In　truth　at　this　first　lecture　of　mine　only　a　few　were　present；　for　it　seemed　quite　absurd　to　all　of　them　that　I。　hitherto　so　inexperienced　in　discussing　the　Scriptures；　should　attempt　the　thing　so　hastily。　However；　this　lecture　gave　such　satisfaction　to　all　those　who　heard　it　that　they　spread　its　praises　abroad　with　notable　enthusiasm；　and　thus　compelled　me　to　continue　my　interpretation　of　the　sacred　text。　When　word　of　this　was　bruited　about；　those　who　had　stayed　away　from　the　first　lecture　came　eagerly；　some　to　the　second　and　more　to　the　third；　and　all　of　them　were　eager　to　write　down　the　glosses　which　I　had　begun　on　the　first　day；　so　as　to　have　them　from　the　very　beginning。

CHAPTER　IV
OF　THE　PERSECUTION　HE　HAD　FROM　HIS　TEACHER　ANSELM
NOW　this　venerable　man　of　whom　I　have　spoken　was　acutely　smitten　with　envy；　and　straightway　incited；　as　I　have　already　mentioned；　by　the　insinuations　of　sundry　persons；　began　to　persecute　me　for　my　lecturing　on　the　Scriptures　no　less　bitterly　than　my　former　master；　William；　had　done　for　my　work　in　philosophy。　At　that　time　there　were　in　this　old　man's　school　two　who　were　considered　far　to　excel　all　the　others：　Alberic　of　Rheims　and　Lotulphe　the　Lombard。　The　better　opinion　these　two　held　of　themselves；　the　more　they　were　incensed　against　me。　Chiefly　at　their　suggestion；　as　it　afterwards　transpired；　yonder　venerable　coward　had　the　impudence　to　forbid　me　to　carry　on　any　further　in　his　school　the　work　of　preparing　glosses　which　I　had　thus　begun。　The　pretext　he　alleged　was　that　if　by　chance　in　the　course　of　this　work　I　should　write　anything　containing　blundersas　was　likely　enough　in　view　of　my　lack　of　trainingthe　thing　might　be　imputed　to　him。　When　this　came　to　the　ears　of　his　scholars；　they　were　filled　with　indignation　at　so　undisguised　a　manifestation　of　spite；　the　like　of　which　had　never　been　directed　against　any　one　before。　The　more　obvious　this　rancour　became；　the　more　it　redounded　to　my　honour；　and　his　persecution　did　nought　save　to　make　me　more　famous。

CHAPTER　V
OF　HOW　HE　RETURNED　TO　PARIS　AND　FINISHED　THE　GLOSSES　WHICH　HE　HAD　BEGUN　AT　LAON
AND　so；　after　a　few　days；　I　returned　to　Paris；　and　there　for　several　years　I　peacefully　directed　the　school　which　formerly　had　been　destined　for　me；　nay；　even　offered　to　me；　but　from　which　I　had　been　driven　out。　At　the　very　outset　of　my　work　there；　I　set　about　completing　the　glosses　on　Ezekiel　which　I　had　begun　at　Laon。　These　proved　so　satisfactory　to　all　who　read　them　that　they　came　to　believe　me　no　less　adept　in　lecturing　on　theology　than　I　had　proved　myself　to　be　in　the　field　of　philosophy。　Thus　my　school　was　notably　increased　in　size　by　reason　of　my　lectures　on　subjects　of　both　these　kinds；　and　the　amount　of　financial　profit　as　well　as　glory　which　it　brought　me　cannot　be　concealed　from　you；　for　the　matter　talked　of。　But　prosperity　always　puffs　up　the　foolish　and　worldly　comfort　enervates　the　soul；　rendering　it　an　easy　prey　to　carnal　temptations。　Thus　I　who　by　this　time　had　come　to　regard　myself　as　the　only　philosopher　remaining　in　the　whole　world；　and　had　ceased　to　fear　any　further　disturbance　of　my　peace；　began　to　loosen　the　rein　on　my　desires；　although　hitherto　I　had　always　lived　in　the　utmost　continence。　And　the　greater　progress　I　made　in　my　lecturing　on　philosophy　or　theology；　the　more　I　departed　alike　from　the　practice　of　the　philosophers　and　the　spirit　of　the　divines　in　the　uncleanness　of　my　life。　For　it　is　well　known；　methinks；　that　philosophers；　and　still　more　those　who　have　devoted　their　lives　to　arousing　the　love　of　sacred　study；　have　been　strong　above　all　else　in　the　beaut