sylla-第6部分

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Hortensius；　and　commanding　the　fifth　to　follow　him；　returned　hastily
to　the　right　wing；　which　of　itself　held　its　ground　on　equal　terms
against　Archelaus；　and；　at　his　appearance；　with　one　bold　effort　forced
them　back；　and；　obtaining　the　mastery；　followed　them；　flying　in
disorder　to　the　river　and　Mount　Acontium。　Sylla；　however；　did　not
forget　the　danger　Murena　was　in；　but　hasting　thither　and　finding　him
victorious　also；　then　joined　in　the　pursuit。　Many　barbarians　were
slain　in　the　field；　many　more　were　cut　in　pieces　as　they　were　making
into　the　camp。　Of　all　the　vast　multitude；　ten　thousand　only　got　safe
intoe　Chalcis。　Sylla　writes　that　there　were　but　fourteen　of　his
soldiers　missing；　and　that　two　of　these　returned　towards　evening；
he；　therefore；　inscribed　on　the　trophies　the　names　of　Mars；　Victory；
and　Venus；　as　having　won　the　day　no　less　by　good　fortune　than　by
management　and　force　of　arms。　This　trophy　of　the　battle　in　the　plain
stands　on　the　place　where　Archelaus　first　gave　way；　near　the　stream　of
the　Molus；　another　is　erected　high　on　the　top　of　Thurium；　where　the
barbarians　were　environed；　with　an　inscription　in　Greek；　recording
that　the　glory　of　the　day　belonged　to　Homoloichus　and　Anaxidamus。
Sylla　celebrated　his　victory　at　Thebes　with　spectacles；　for　which　he
erected　a　stage；　near　Oedipus's　well。　The　judges　of　the　performances
were　Greeks　chosen　out　of　other　cities；　his　hostility　to　the　Thebans
being　implacable；　half　of　whose　territory　he　took　away　and　consecrated
to　Apollo　and　Jupiter；　ordering　that　out　of　the　revenue　compensation
should　be　made　to　the　gods　for　the　riches　himself　had　taken　from　them。
　　After　this；　hearing　that　Flaccus；　a　man　of　the　contrary　faction；　had
been　chosen　consul；　and　was　crossing　the　Ionian　Sea　with　an　army；
professedly　to　act　against　Mithridates；　but　in　reality　against
himself；　he　hastened　towards　Thessaly；　designing　to　meet　him；　but　in
his　march；　when　near　Melitea；　received　advices　from　all　parts　that　the
countries　behind　him　were　overrun　and　ravaged　by　no　less　a　royal
army　than　the　former。　For　Dorylaus；　arriving　at　Chalcis　with　a　large
fleet；　on　board　of　which　he　brought　over　with　him　eighty　thousand　of
the　best　appointed　and　best　disciplined　soldiers　of　Mithridates's
army；　at　once　invaded　Boeotia；　and　occupied　the　country　in　hopes　to
bring　Sylla　to　a　battle；　making　no　account　of　the　dissuasions　of
Archelaus；　but　giving　it　out　as　to　the　last　fight；　that　without
treachery　so　many　thousand　men　could　never　have　perished。　Sylla；
however；　facing　about　expeditiously；　made　it　clear　to　him　that
Archelaus　was　a　wise　man；　and　had　good　skill　in　the　Roman　valour；
insomuch　that　he　himself；　after　some　small　skirmishes　with　Sylla
near　Tilphossium；　was　the　first　of　those　who　thought　it　not
advisable　to　put　things　to　the　decision　of　the　sword；　but　rather　to
wear　out　the　war　by　expense　of　time　and　treasure。　The　ground；　however；
near　Orchomenus；　where　they　then　lay　encamped；　gave　some　encouragement
to　Archelaus；　being　a　battlefield　admirably　suited　for　any　army
superior　in　cavalry。　Of　all　the　plains　in　Boeotia　that　are　renowned
for　their　beauty　and　extent；　this　alone；　which　commences　from　the　city
of　Orchomenus；　spreads　out　unbroken　and　clear　of　trees　to　the　edge
of　the　fens　in　which　the　Melas；　rising　close　under　Orchomenus；　loses
itself；　the　only　Greek　river　which　is　a　deep　and　navigable　water
from　the　very　head；　increasing　also　about　the　summer　solstice　like　the
Nile；　and　producing　plants　similar　to　those　that　grow　there；　only
small　and　without　fruit。　It　does　not　run　far　before　the　main　stream
disappears　among　the　blind　and　woody　marsh…grounds；　a　small　branch；
however；　joins　the　Cephisus；　about　the　place　where　the　lake　is　thought
to　produce　the　best　flute…reeds。
　　Now　that　both　armies　were　posted　near　each　other；　Archelaus　lay
still；　but　Sylla　employed　himself　in　cutting　ditches　from　either　side；
that　if　possible；　by　driving　the　enemies　from　the　firm　and　open
champaign；　he　might　force　them　into　the　fens。　They；　on　the　other　hand；
not　enduring　this；　as　soon　as　their　leaders　allowed　them　the　word　of
command；　issued　out　furiously　in　large　bodies；　when　not　only　the　men
at　work　were　dispersed；　but　most　part　of　those　who　stood　in　arms　to
protect　the　work　fled　in　disorder。　Upon　this；　Sylla　leaped　from　his
horse；　and　snatching　hold　of　an　ensign；　rushed　through　the　midst　of
the　rout　upon　the　enemy；　crying　out　aloud；　〃To　me；　O　Romans；　it　will
be　glorious　to　fall　here。　As　for　you；　when　they　ask　you　where　you
betrayed　your　general；　remember　and　say；　at　Orchomenus。〃　His　men
rallying　again　at　these　words；　and　two　cohorts　coming　to　his　succour
from　the　right　wing；　he　led　them　to　the　charge　and　turned　the　day。
Then　retiring　some　short　distance　and　refreshing　his　men；　he　proceeded
again　with　his　works　to　block　up　the　enemy's　camp。　They　again
sallied　out　in　better　order　than　before。　Here　Diogenes；　stepson　to
Archelaus；　fighting　on　the　right　wing　with　much　gallantry；　made　an
honourable　end。　And　the　archers；　being　hard　pressed　by　the　Romans；　and
wanting　space　for　a　retreat；　took　their　arrows　by　handfuls；　and
striking　with　these　as　with　swords；　beat　them　back。　In　the　end；
however；　they　were　all　driven　into　the　intrenchment　and　had　a
sorrowful　night　of　it　with　their　slain　and　wounded。　The　next　day
again；　Sylla；　leading　forth　his　men　up　to　their　quarters；　went　on
finishing　the　lines　of　intrenchment；　and　when　they　issued　out　again
with　larger　numbers　to　give　him　battle；　fell　on　them　and　put　them　to
the　rout；　and　in　the　consternation　ensuing；　none　daring　to　abide；　he
took　the　camp　by　storm。　The　marshes　were　filled　with　blood；　and　the
lake　with　dead　bodies；　insomuch　that　to　this　day　many　bows；　helmets；
fragments　of　iron；　breastplates；　and　swords　of　barbarian　make　continue
to　be　found　buried　deep　in　mud；　two　hundred　years　after　the　fight。
Thus　much　of　the　actions　of　Chaeronea　and　Orchomenus。
　　At　Rome；　Cinna　and　Carbo　were　now　using　injustice　and　violence
towards　persons　of　the　greatest　eminence；　and　many　of　them　to　avoid
this　tyranny　repaired；　as　to　a　safe　harbour；　to　Sylla's　camp；　where；
in　a　short　space；　he　had　about　him　the　aspect　of　a　senate。　Metella；
likewise；　having　with　difficulty　conveyed　herself　and　children　away　by
stealth；　brought　him　word　that　his　houses；　both　in　town　and　country；
had　been　burnt　by　his　enemies；　and　entreated　his　help　at　home。
Whilst　he　was　in　doubt　what　to　do；　being　impatient　to　hear　of　his
country　being　thus　outraged；　and　yet　not　knowing　how　to　leave　so　great
a　work　as　the　Mithridatic　war　unfinished；　there　comes　to　him
Archelaus；　a　merchant　of　Delos；　with　hopes　of　an　accommodation；　and
private　instructions　from　Archelaus；　the　king's　general。　Sylla　liked
the　business　so　well　as　to　desire　a　speedy　conference　with　Archelaus
in　person；　and　a　meeting　took　place　on　the　seacoast　near　Delium；　where
the　temple　of　Apollo　stands。　When　Archelaus　opened　the　conversation；
and　began　to　urge　Sylla　to　abandon　his　pretensions　to　Asia　and　Pontus；
and　to　set　sail　for　the　war　in　Rome；　receiving　money　and　shipping；　and
such　forces　as　he　should　think　fitting　from　the　king；　Sylla
interposing；　bade　Archelaus　take　no　further　care　for　Mithridates；
but　assume　the　crown　to　himself；　and　become　a　confederate　of　Rome；
delivering　up　the　navy。　Archelaus　professing　his　abhorrence　of　such
treason；　Sylla　proceeded：　〃So　you；　Archelaus；　a　Cappadocian；　and
slave；　or　if　it　so　please　you　friend；　to　a　barbarian　king；　would
not；　upon　such　vast　considerations；　be　guilty　of　what　is
dishonourable；　and　yet　dare　to　talk　to　me；　Roman　general　and　Sylla；　of
treason？　as　if　you　were　not　the　self…same　Archelaus　who　ran　away　at
Chaeronea；　with　few　remaining　out　of　one　hundred　and　twenty　thousand
men；　who　lay　for　two　days　in　the　fens　of　Orchomenus；　and　left
Boeotia　impassable　for　heaps　of　dead　carcasses。〃　Archelaus；　changing
his　tone　at　this；　humbly　besought　him　to　lay　aside　the　thoughts　of
war；　and　make　peace　with　Mithridates。　Sylla　consenting　to　this
request；　articles　of　agreement　were　concluded　on。　That　Mithridates
should　quit　Asia　and　Paphlagonia；　restore　Bithynia　to　Nicomedes；
Cappadocia　to　Ariobarzanes；　and　pay　the　Romans　two　thousand　talents；
and　give　him　seventy　ships　of　war　with　all　their　furniture。　On　the
other　hand；　that　Sylla　should　confirm　to　him　his　other　dominions；
and　declare　him　a　Roman　confederate。　On　these　terms　he　proceeded　by
the　way　of　Thessaly　and　Macedon　towards　the　Hellespont；　having
Archelaus　with　him；　and　treating　him　with　great　attention。　For
Archelaus　being　taken　dangerously　ill　at　Larissa；　he　stopped　the　march
of　the　army；　and　took　care　of　him；　as　if　he　had　been　one　of　his　own
captains；　or　his　colleague　in　command。　This　gave　suspicion　of　foul
play　in　the　battle　of　Chaeronea；　as　it　was　also　observed　that　Sylla
had　released　all　the　friends　of　Mithridates　taken　prisoners　in　war；
except　only　Aristion　the　tyrant；　who　was　at　enmity　with　Archelaus；　and
was　put　to　death　by　poison；　and；　above　all；　ten　thousand　acres　of　land
in　Euboea　had　been　given　to　the　Cappadocian；　and　he　had　received
from　Sylla　the　style　of　friend　and　ally　of　the　Romans。　On　all　which
points　Sylla　defends　himself　in　his　Memoirs。
　　The　ambassadors　of　Mithridates　arriving　and　declaring　that　they
accepted　of　the　conditions；　only　Paphlagonia　they　could　not　part　with；
and　as　for　the　ships；　professing　not　to　know　of　any　such　capitulation；
Sylla　in　a　rage　exclaimed；　〃What　say　you？　Does　Mithridates　then
withhold　Paphlagonia？　and　as　to　the　ships；　deny　that　article？　I
thought　to　have　seen　him　prostrate　at　my　feet　to　thank　me　for
leaving　him　so　much　as　that　right　hand　of　his；　which　has　cut　off　so
many　Romans。　He　will　shortly；　at　my　coming　over　into　Asia；　speak
another　language；　in　the　meantime；　let　him　at　his　ease　in　Pergamus　sit
managing　a　war　which　he　never　saw。〃　The　ambassadors　in　terror　stood
silent　by；　but　Archelaus　endeavoured　with　humble　supplications　to
assuage　his　wrath；　laying　hold　on　his　right　hand　and　weeping。　In
conclusion　he　obtained　permission　to　go　himself　in　person　to
Mithridates；　for　that　he　would　either　mediate　a　peace　to　the
satisfaction　of　Sylla；　or　if　not；　slay　himself。　Sylla　having　thus
despatched　him　away；　made　an　inroad　into