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posterior analytics-第22部分

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the man Callias。 A fresh stand is made among these rudimentary



universals; and the process does not cease until the indivisible



concepts; the true universals; are established: e。g。 such and such a



species of animal is a step towards the genus animal; which by the



same process is a step towards a further generalization。



  Thus it is clear that we must get to know the primary premisses by



induction; for the method by which even sense…perception implants



the universal is inductive。 Now of the thinking states by which we



grasp truth; some are unfailingly true; others admit of error…opinion;



for instance; and calculation; whereas scientific knowing and



intuition are always true: further; no other kind of thought except



intuition is more accurate than scientific knowledge; whereas



primary premisses are more knowable than demonstrations; and all



scientific knowledge is discursive。 From these considerations it



follows that there will be no scientific knowledge of the primary



premisses; and since except intuition nothing can be truer than



scientific knowledge; it will be intuition that apprehends the primary



premisses…a result which also follows from the fact that demonstration



cannot be the originative source of demonstration; nor;



consequently; scientific knowledge of scientific knowledge。If;



therefore; it is the only other kind of true thinking except



scientific knowing; intuition will be the originative source of



scientific knowledge。 And the originative source of science grasps the



original basic premiss; while science as a whole is similarly



related as originative source to the whole body of fact。











                                   …THE END…




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