london in 1731-第7部分

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　for　what　end　is　uncertain；　though　supposed　by　some　to　be　the　place　from　whence　the　Romans　began　to　compute　the　number　of　miles　anciently　to　any　part　of　the　kingdom。

12。　　Walbrook　Ward　contains　the　best　part　of　Walbrook；　part　of　Bucklersbury；　the　east　end　of　Budge　Row；　the　north　end　of　Dowgate；　part　of　Cannon　Street；　most　of　Swithin's　Lane；　most　of　Bearbinder　Lane；　part　of　Bush　Lane；　part　of　Suffolk　Lane；　part　of　Green　Lattice　Lane；　and　part　of　Abchurch　Lane；　with　several　courts　and　lanes　that　fall　into　them。

Stocks　Market　consists　of　a　pretty　large　square；　having　Cornhill　and　Lombard　Street　on　the　north…east；　the　Poultry　on　the　north…west；　and　Walbrook　on　the　south…east。　　Before　the　Fire　it　was　a　market　chiefly　for　fish　and　flesh；　and　afterwards　for　fruit　and　garden　stuff。

In　this　market　Sir　Robert　Vyner；　Bart。　and　Alderman；　erected　a　marble　equestrian　statue　of　King　Charles　II。；　standing　on　a　pedestal　eighteen　feet　high；　and　trampling　on　his　enemies。

The　public　buildings　in　this　ward　are　Salters'　Hall；　the　churches　of　St。　Swithin　and　St。　Stephen；　Walbrook。

13。　　Dowgate；　or　Dowgate　Ward；　so　called　from　the　principal　street；　which　has　a　steep　descent　or　fall　into　the　Thames；　contains　part　of　Thames　Street；　part　of　St。　Lawrence…Poultney　Hill；　part　of　Duxford　Lane；　part　of　Suffolk　Lane；　part　of　Bush　Lane；　part　of　Dowgate　Hill；　Checquer　Yard；　Elbow　Lane；　and　Cloak　Lane；　and　the　southward　of　Thames　Street；　Old　Swan　Lane；　Cole　Harbour；　Allhallows　Lane；　Campion　Lane；　Friars　Lane；　Cozens　Lane；　Dowgate　Dock；　and　the　Steel　Yard。

The　public　buildings　in　this　ward　are　Tallow…chandlers'　Hall；　Skinners'　Hall；　Innholders'　Hall；　Plumbers'　Hall；　Joiners'　Hall；　Watermen's　Hall；　and　the　church　of　Allhallows　the　Great。

14。　　Vintry　Ward　（which　was　so　called　from　the　wine　merchants　who　landed　and　sold　their　wines　here）　contains　part　of　Thames　Street；　New　Queen　Street；　Garlick　Hill；　College　Hill；　and　St。　Thomas　Apostles。

The　public　buildings　in　this　ward　are　Vintners'　Hall；　Cutlers'　Hall；　the　churches　of　St。　Michael　Royal　and　St。　James；　Garlick　Hill。

Vintners'　Hall　is　situated　on　the　south　side　of　Thames　Street；　between　Queen　Street　and　Garlick　Hill；　being　built　on　three　sides　of　a　quadrangle　fronting　the　street。　　The　rooms　are　large；　finely　wainscoted　and　carved；　particularly　the　magnificent　screen　at　the　east　end　of　the　great　hall；　which　is　adorned　with　two　columns；　their　entablature　and　pediment；　and　on　acroters　are　placed　the　figure　of　Bacchus　between　several　Fames；　with　other　embellishments；　and　they　have　a　garden　backwards　towards　the　Thames。

15。　　Cordwainers'　Street　Ward；　so　called　from　the　cordwainers　（shoemakers）；　curriers；　and　other　dealers　in　leather；　that　inhabited　that　part　of　the　town　anciently；　includes　Bow　Lane；　New　Queen　Street；　Budge　Row；　Tower　Royal　Street；　Little　St。　Thomas　Apostle's；　Pancras　Lane；　a　small　part　of　Watling　Street；　a　little　part　of　Basing　Lane；　and　St。　Sythe's　Lane。

The　public　buildings　in　this　ward　are　the　church　of　St。　Anthony；　St。　Mary　Aldermary；　and　St。　Mary…le…Bow。

16。　　Cheap　Ward。　　The　principal　streets　and　places　in　this　ward　are　Cheapside；　the　Poultry；　part　of　Honey　Lane　Market；　part　of　the　Old　Jewry；　part　of　Bucklersbury；　part　of　Pancras　Lane；　part　of　Queen　Street；　all　Ironmonger　Lane；　King　Street；　and　St。　Lawrence　Lane；　and　part　of　Cateaton　Street；　part　of　Bow　Lane；　and　all　Guildhall。

The　public　buildings　in　this　ward　are；　Guildhall；　Mercers'　Chapel　and　Hall；　Grocers'　Hall；　the　Poultry　Compter；　the　churches　of　St。　Mildred；　Poultry；　and　St。　Lawrence　Jewry。

Guildhall；　the　town　house　of　this　great　City；　stands　at　the　north　end　of　King　Street；　and　is　a　large　handsome　structure；　built　with　stone；　anno　1666；　the　old　hall　having　been　destroyed　by　the　Fire　in　1666。　　By　a　large　portico　on　the　south　side　we　enter　the　principal　room；　properly　called　the　hall；　being　153　feet　in　length；　48　in　breadth；　and　55　in　height。　　On　the　right　hand；　at　the　upper　end；　is　the　ancient　court　of　the　hustings；　at　the　other　end　of　the　hall　opposite　to　it　are　the　Sheriff's　Courts。　　The　roof　of　the　inside　is　flat；　divided　into　panels；　the　walls　on　the　north　and　south　sides　adorned　with　four　demy　pillars　of　the　Gothic　order；　painted　white；　and　veined　with　blue；　the　capitals　gilt　with　gold；　and　the　arms　finely　depicted　in　their　proper　colour；　viz。；　at　the　east　the　arms　of　St。　Edward　the　Confessor；　and　of　the　Kings　of　England　the　shield　and　cross　of　St。　George。　　At　the　west　end　the　arms　of　the　Confessor；　those　of　England　and　France　quarterly；　and　the　arms　of　England。　　On　the　fourteen　demy　pillars　（above　the　capital）　are　the　king's　arms；　the　arms　of　London；　and　the　arms　of　the　twelve　companies。　　At　the　east　end　are　the　King's　arms　carved　between　the　portraits　of　the　late　Queen；　at　the　foot　of　an　arabathram；　under　a　rich　canopy　northward；　and　those　of　King　William　and　Queen　Mary　southward；　painted　at　full　length。　　The　inter…columns　are　painted　in　imitation　of　porphyry；　and　embellished　with　the　portraitures；　painted　in　full　proportion；　of　eighteen　judges；　which　were　there　put　up　by　the　City；　in　gratitude　for　their　signal　service　done　in　determining　differences　between　landlord　and　tenant　（without　the　expense　of　lawsuits）　in　rebuilding　this　City；　pursuant　to　an　Act　of　Parliament；　after　the　Fire；　in　1666。

Those　on　the　south　side　are；　Sir　Heneage　Finch；　Sir　Orlando　Bridgeman；　Sir　Matthew　Hale；　Sir　Richard　Rainsford；　Sir　Edward　Turner；　Sir　Thomas　Tyrrel；　Sir　John　Archer；　Sir　William　Morton。

On　the　north　side　are；　Sir　Robert　Atkins；　Sir　John　Vaughan；　Sir　Francis　North；　Sir　Thomas　Twisden；　Sir　Christopher　Turner；　Sir　William　Wild；　Sir　Hugh　Windham。

At　the　west　end；　Sir　William　Ellis；　Sir　Edward　Thurland；　Sir　Timothy　Littleton。

And　in　the　Lord　Mayor's　Court　（which　is　adorned　with　fleak　stone　and　other　painting　and　gilding；　and　also　the　figures　of　the　four　cardinal　virtues）　are　the　portraits　of　Sir　Samuel　Brown；　Sir　John　Kelynge；　Sir　Edward　Atkins；　and　Sir　William　Windham；　all　（as　those　above）　painted　in　full　proportion　in　their　scarlet　robes　as　judges。

The　late　Queen　Anne；　in　December；　1706；　gave　the　City　26　standards；　and　63　colours；　to　be　put　up　in　this　hall；　that　were　taken　from　the　French　and　Bavarians　at　the　battle　of　Ramillies　the　preceding　summer；　but　there　was　found　room　only　for　46　colours；　19　standards；　and　the　trophy　of　a　kettle…drum　of　the　Elector　of　Bavaria's。　　The　colours　over　the　Queen's　picture　are　most　esteemed；　on　account　of　their　being　taken　from　the　first　battalion　of　French　guards。

From　the　hall　we　ascend　by　nine　stone　steps　to　the　Mayor's　Court；　Council　Chamber；　and　the　rest　of　the　apartments　of　the　house；　which；　notwithstanding　it　may　not　be　equal　to　the　grandeur　of　the　City；　is　very　well　adapted　to　the　ends　it　was　designed　for；　namely；　for　holding　the　City　courts；　for　the　election　of　sheriffs　and　other　officers；　and　for　the　entertainment　of　princes；　ministers　of　State；　and　foreign　ambassadors；　on　their　grand　festivals。

17。　　Coleman　Street　Ward。　　The　principal　streets　in　this　ward　are　the　Old　Jewry；　part　of　Lothbury；　Coleman　Street；　part　of　London　Wall；　and　all　the　lower　part　of　Moorfields　without　the　walls。

The　public　buildings　are　Bethlem　or　Bedlam　Hospital；　Founders'　Hall；　Armourers'　Hall；　the　churches　of　St。　Olave　Jewry；　St。　Margaret；　Lothbury；　and　St。　Stephen；　Coleman　Street。

New　Bethlem；　or　Bedlam；　is　situated　at　the　south　end　of　Moorfields；　just　without　the　wall；　the　ground　being　formerly　part　of　the　town　ditch；　and　granted　by　the　City　to　the　governors　of　the　hospital　of　Old　Bethlem；　which　had　been　appropriated　for　the　reception　of　lunatics；　but　was　found　too　strait　to　contain　the　people　brought　thither；　and　the　building　in　a　decaying　condition。

The　present　edifice；　called　New　Bedlam；　was　begun　to　be　erected　anno　1675；　and　finished　the　following　year。　　It　is　built　of　brick　and　stone；　the　wings　at　each　end；　and　the　portico；　being　each　of　them　adorned　with　four　pilasters；　entablature　and　circular　pediment　of　the　Corinthian　order。　　Under　the　pediment　are　the　King's　arms；　enriched　with　festoons；　and　between　the　portico　and　each　of　the　said　wings　is　a　triangular　pediment；　with　the　arms　of　the　City；　and　on　a　pediment　over　the　gate　the　figures　of　two　lunatics；　exquisitely　carved。　　The　front　of　this　magnificent　hospital　is　reported　to　represent　the　Escurial　in　Spain；　and　in　some　respects　exceeds　every　palace　in　or　about　London；　being　528　feet　in　length；　and　regularly　built。　　The　inside；　it　is　true；　is　not　answerable　to　the　grand　appearance　it　makes　without；　being　but　30　feet　broad；　and　consisting　chiefly　of　a　long　gallery　in　each　of　the　two　storeys　that　runs　from　one　end　of　the　house　to　the　other；　on　the　south　side　whereof　are　little　cells；　wherein　the　patients　have　their　lodgings；　and　on　the　north　the　windows　that　give　light　to　the　galleries；　which　are　divided　in　the　middle　by　a　handsome　iron　gate；　to　keep　the　men　and　women　asunder。

In　order　to　procure　a　person　to　be　admitted　into　the　hospital；　a　petition　must　be　preferred　to　a　committee　of　the　governors；　who　sit　at　Bedlam　seven　at　a　time　weekly；　which　must　be　signed　by　the　churchwardens；　or　other　reputable　persons　of　the　parish　the　lunatic　belongs　to；　and　also　recommended　to　the　said　committee　by　one　of　the　governors；　and　this　being　approved　by　the　president　and　governors；　and　entered　in　a　book；　upon　a　vacancy　（in　their　turn）　an　order　is　granted　for　their　being　received　into　the　house；　where　the　said　lunatic　is　accommodated　with　a　room；　proper　physic　and　diet；　gratis。　The　diet　is　very　good　and　wholesome；　being　commonly　boiled　beef；　mutton；　or　veal；　and　broth；　with　bread；　for　dinners　on　Sundays；　Tuesdays；　and　Thursdays；　the　other　days　bread；　cheese；　and　butter；　or　on　Saturdays　pease…pottage；　rice…milk；　furmity；　or　other　pottage；　and　for　supper　they　have　usually　broth　or　milk　pottage；　always　with　bread。　　And　there　is　farther　care　taken；　that　some　of　the　committee　go　on　a　Saturday　weekly　to　the　said　hospital　to　see　the　provisions　weighed；　and　that　the　same　be　good　and　rightly　expended。

18。　　Basinghall；　or　Bassishaw　Ward；　consisteth　only　of　Basinghall　Street；　and　a　small　part　of　the　street　along　London　Wall。

The　public　buildings　of　this　ward　are　Blackwell　Hall；　Masons'　Hall；　Weavers'　Hall；　Coopers'　Hall；　Girdlers'　H