travels in england-第12部分

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　Majesty　smelling　the　craft；　and　missing　Carmarthen；　she　sent　for　him　back；　and　encouraged　him　to　stand　to　his　information；　which　the　poor　man　did　so　handsomely　that；　within　the　space　of　ten　years；　he　was　brought　to　double　his　rent；　or　leave　the　Custom　to　new　farmers。　　So　that　we　may　take　this　also　in　consideration；　that　there　were　of　the　Queen's　Council　which　were　not　in　the　catalogue　of　saints。

Now；　as　we　have　taken　a　view　of　some　particular　motives　of　her　times；　her　nature；　and　necessities；　it　is　not　without　the　text　to　give　a　short　touch　of　the　HELPS　and　ADVANTAGES　of　her　reign；　which　were　NOT　without　｛34｝　paroles；　for　she　had　neither　husband；　brother；　sister；　nor　children　to　provide　for；　who；　as　they　are　dependants　on　the　Crown；　so　do　they　necessarily　draw　livelihood　from　thence；　and　oftentimes　exhaust　and　draw　deep；　especially　when　there　is　an　ample　fraternity　royal；　and　of　the　princes　of　the　blood；　as　it　was　in　the　time　of　Edward　III。　and　Henry　IV。　　For　when　the　Crown　cannot；　the　public　ought　to　give　honourable　allowance；　for　they　are　the　honour　and　hopes　of　the　kingdom；　and　the　public；　which　enjoys　them；　hath　the　like　interest　with　the　father　which　begat　them；　and　our　common　law；　which　is　the　inheritance　of　the　kingdom；　did　ever　of　old　provide　aids　for　the　PRIMOGENITUS　｛35｝　and　the　eldest　daughter；　for　that　the　multiplicity　of　courts；　and　the　great　charges　which　necessarily　follow　a　king；　a　queen；　a　prince；　and　royal　issue；　was　a　thing　which　was　not　IN　RERUM　NATURA　｛36｝　during　the　space　of　forty…　four　years；　｛37｝　but　worn　out　of　memory；　and　without　the　consideration　of　the　present　times；　insomuch　as　the　aids　given　to　the　late　and　Right　Noble　Prince　Henry；　and　to　his　sister；　the　Lady　Elizabeth；　which　were　at　first　generally　received　as　impositions　for　knighthood；　though　an　ancient　law；　fell　also　into　the　imputation　of　a　tax　of　nobility；　for　that　it　lay　long　covered　in　the　embers　of　division　between　the　Houses　of　York　and　Lancaster；　and　forgotten　or　connived　at　by　the　succeeding　princes：　　so　that　the　strangeness　of　the　observation；　and　the　difference　of　those　latter　reigns；　is　that　the　Queen　took　up　much　BEYOND　the　power　of　law；　which　fell　not　into　the　murmur　of　people；　and　her　successors　took　nothing　but　by　warrant　of　the　law；　which　nevertheless　was　received；　THROUGH　DISUSE；　to　be　injurious　to　the　liberty　of　the　kingdom。

Now　before　I　come　to　any　mention　of　her　favourites；　for　hitherto　I　have　delivered　but　some　oblivious　passages；　thereby　to　prepare　and　smooth　a　way　for　the　rest　that　follows：

It　is　necessary　that　I　touch　on　the　religiousness　of　the　other's　reign；　I　mean　the　body　of　her　sister's　｛38｝　Council　of　State；　which　she　retained　entirely；　neither　removing　nor　discontenting　any；　although　she　knew　them　averse　to　her　religion；　and；　in　her　sister's　time；　perverse　to　her　person；　and　privy　to　all　her　troubles　and　imprisonments。

A　prudence　which　was　incompatible　to　her　sister's　nature；　for　she　both　dissipated　and　presented　the　major　part　of　her　brother's　Council；　but　this　will　be　of　certain；　that　how　compliable　and　obsequious　soever　she　found　them；　yet　for　a　good　space　she　made　little　use　of　their　counsels；　more　than　in　the　ordinary　course　of　the　Board；　for　she　had　a　dormant　table　in　her　own　privy　breast；　yet　she　kept　them　together　and　in　their　places；　without　any　sudden　change；　so　that　we　may　say　of　them　that　they　were　then　of　the　Court；　not　of　the　Council；　for　whilst　she　AMAZED　｛39｝　them　by　a　kind　of　promissive　disputation　concerning　the　points　controverted　by　both　Churches；　she　did　set　down　her　own　gests；　without　their　privity；　and　made　all　their　progressions；　gradations；　but　for　that　the　tenents　of　her　secrets；　with　the　intents　of　her　establishments；　were　pitched　before　it　was　known　where　the　Court　would　sit　down。

Neither　do　I　find　that　any　of　her　sister's　Council　of　State　were　either　repugnant　to　her　religion；　or　opposed　her　doings；　Englefeild；　Master　of　the　Wards；　excepted；　who　withdrew　himself　from　the　Board；　and　shortly　after　out　of　her　dominions；　so　pliable　and　obedient　they　were　to　change　with　the　times　and　their　prince；　and　of　them　will　fall　a　relation　of　recreation。　　Paulet；　Marquis　of　Winchester；　and　Lord　Treasurer；　had　served　then　four　princes；　in　as　various　and　changeable　times　and　seasons；　that　I　may　well　say　no　time　nor　age　hath　yielded　the　like　precedent。　　This　man；　being　noted　to　grow　high　in　her　favour　（as　his　place　and　experience　required）；　was　questioned　by　an　intimate　friend　of　his；　how　he　had　stood　up　for　thirty　years　together；　amidst　the　change　and　ruins　of　so　many　Chancellors　and　great　personages。　　〃Why；〃　quoth　the　marquis；　〃ORTUS　SUM　E　SALICE；　NON　EX　QUERCU；〃　I。E。；　〃I　am　made　of　pliable　willow；　not　of　the　stubborn　oak。〃　　And；　truly；　it　seems　the　old　man　had　taught　them　all；　especially　William；　Earl　of　Pembroke；　for　they　two　were　always　of　the　King's　religion；　and　always　zealous　professors：　　of　these　it　is　said　that　being　both　younger　brothers；　yet　of　noble　houses；　they　spent　what　was　left　them；　and　came　on　trust　to　the　Court；　where；　upon　the　bare　stock　of　their　wits；　they　began　to　traffic　for　themselves；　and　prospered　so　well　that　they　got；　spent；　and　left　more　than　any　subjects　from　the　Norman　Conquest　to　their　own　times；　whereupon　it　hath　been　prettily　spoken　that　they　lived　in　a　time　of　dissolution。

To　conclude；　then；　of　all　the　former　reign；　it　is　said　that　those　two　lived　and　died　chiefly　in　her　grace　and　favour：　　by　the　letter　written　upon　his　son's　marriage　with　the　Lady　Catherine　Grey；　he　had　like　utterly　to　have　lost　himself；　but　at　the　instant　of　consummation；　as　apprehending　the　unsafety　and　danger　of　intermarriage　with　the　blood　royal；　he　fell　at　the　Queen's　feet；　where　he　both　acknowledged　his　presumption；　and　projected　the　cause　and　the　divorce　together：　　so　quick　he　was　at　his　work；　that　in　the　time　of　repudiation　of　the　said　Lady　Grey；　he　clapped　up　a　marriage　for　his　son；　the　Lord　Herbert；　with　Mary　Sidney；　daughter　to　Sir　Henry　Sidney；　then　Lord　Deputy　or　Ireland；　the　blow　falling　on　Edward；　the　late　Earl　of　Hertford；　who；　to　his　cost；　took　up　the　divorced　lady；　of　whom　the　Lord　Beauchamp　was　born；　and　William；　now　Earl　of　Hertford；　is　descended。

I　come　now　to　present　them　to　her　own　election；　which　were　either　admitted　to　her　secrets　of　State；　or　taken　into　her　grace　and　favour；　of　whom；　in　order；　I　crave　leave　to　give　unto　posterity　a　cautious　description；　with　a　short　character　or　draught　of　the　persons　themselves　（for；　without　offence　to　others；　I　would　be　true　to　myself）；　their　memories　and　merits；　distinguishing　those　of　MILITIAE　｛40｝　from　the　TOGATI；　｛41｝　and　of　both　these　she　had　as　many；　and　those　as　able　ministers；　as　had　any　of　her　progenitors。


LEICESTER


It　will　be　out　of　doubt　that　my　Lord　of　Leicester　was　one　of　the　first　whom　she　made　Master　of　the　Horse；　he　was　the　youngest　son　then　living　of　the　Duke　of　Northumberland；　beheaded　PRIMO　MARIAE；　｛42｝　and　his　father　was　that　Dudley　which　our　histories　couple　with　Empson；　and　both　be　much　infamed　for　the　caterpillars　of　the　commonwealth　during　the　reign　of　Henry　VII。；　who；　being　of　a　noble　extract；　was　executed　the　first　year　of　Henry　VIII。；　but　not　thereby　so　extinct　but　that　he　left　a　plentiful　estate；　and　such　a　son　who；　as　the　vulgar　speaks　it；　would　live　without　a　teat。　　For；　out　of　the　ashes　of　his　father's　infamy；　he　rose　to　be　a　duke；　and　as　high　as　subjection　could　permit　or　sovereignty　endure。　　And　though　he　could　not　find　out　any　appellation　to　assume　the　crown　in　his　own　person；　yet　he　projected；　and　very　nearly　effected　it；　for　his　son　Gilbert；　by　intermarriage　with　the　Lady　Jane　Grey；　and　so；　by　that　way；　to　bring　it　into　his　loins。　　Observations　which；　though　they　lie　beyond　us；　and　seem　impertinent　to　the　text；　yet　are　they　not　much　extravagant；　for　they　must　lead　us　and　show　us　how　the　after…　passages　were　brought　about；　with　the　dependences　on　the　line　of　a　collateral　workmanship；　and　surely　it　may　amaze　a　well…settled　judgment　to　look　back　into　these　times　and　to　consider　how　the　duke　could　attain　to　such　a　pitch　of　greatness；　his　father　dying　in　ignominy；　and　at　the　gallows；　his　estate　confiscated　for　pilling　and　polling　the　people。

But；　when　we　better　think　upon　it；　we　find　that　he　was　given　up　but　as　a　sacrifice　to　please　the　people；　not　for　any　offence　committed　against　the　person　of　the　King；　so　that　upon　the　matter　he　was　a　martyr　of　the　prerogative；　and　the　King　in　honour　could　do　no　less　than　give　back　to　his　son　the　privilege　of　his　blood；　with　the　acquiring　of　his　father's　profession；　for　he　was　a　lawyer；　and　of　the　King's　Council　at　Law；　before　he　came　to　be　EX　INTERIORIBUS　CONSILIIS；　｛43｝　where；　besides　the　licking　of　his　own　fingers；　he　got　the　King　a　mass　of　riches；　and　that　not　with　hazard；　but　with　the　loss　of　his　life　and　fame；　for　the　King's　father's　sake。

Certain　it　is　that　his　son　was　left　rich　in　purse　and　brain；　which　are　good　foundations；　and　fuel　to　ambition；　and；　it　may　be　supposed；　he　was　on　all　occasions　well　heard　of　the　King　as　a　person　of　mark　and　compassion　in　his　eye；　but　I　find　not　that　he　did　put　up　for　advancement　during　Henry　VIII。's　time；　although　a　vast　aspirer　and　a　provident　stayer。

It　seems　he　thought　the　King's　reign　was　much　given　to　the　falling…　sickness；　but　espying　his　time　fitting；　and　the　sovereignty　in　the　hands　of　a　pupil　prince；　he　then　thought　he　might　as　well　put　up；　for　it　was　the　best；　for　having　the　possession　of　blood；　and　of　purse；　with　a　head…piece　of　a　vast　extent；　he　soon　got　to　honour；　and　no　sooner　there　but　he　began　to　side　it　with　the　best；　even　with　the　Protector；　｛44｝　and；　in　conclusion；　got　his　and　his　brother's　heads；　still　aspiring　till　he　expired　in　the　loss　of　his　own；　so　that　posterity　may；　by　reading　of　the　father　and　grandfather；　make　judgment　of　the　son；　for　we　shall　find　that　this　Robert；　whose　original　we　have　now　traced　the　better　to　present　him；　was　inheritor　to　the　genius　and　craft　of　his　father；　and　Ambrose　of　the　estate；　of　whom　hereafter　we　shall　make　some　short　mention。

We　took　him　now　as　he　was　admitted　into　the　Court　and　the　Queen's　favours；　and　here　he　was　not　to　seek　to　play　his　part　well　and　dexterously；　but　his　play　was　chiefly　at　the　fore…game；　not　that　he　was　a　learner　at　the　latt