travels in england-第3部分

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ry；　but；　they　being　soon　ejected　again　by　authority　of　parliament；　it　was　converted　into　a　cathedral　churchnay；　into　a　seminary　for　the　Churchby　Queen　Elizabeth；　who　instituted　there　twelve　prebendaries；　an　equal　number　of　invalid　soldiers；　and　forty　scholars；　who　at　a　proper　time　are　elected　into　the　universities；　and　are　thence　transplanted　into　the　Church　and　State。

Next　to　be　seen　is　the　tomb　of　Eleanor；　daughter　of　Alphonso　King　of　Spain；　and　wife　of　Edward　I。；　with　this　inscription：


This　Eleanor　was　consort　of　Edward　I。　A。D。　1298。　　Learn　to　die。


The　tomb　of　Elizabeth；　daughter　of　Henry　VII。

In　the　middle　of　this　chapel　is　the　shrine　of　St。　Edward；　the　last　King　of　the　Saxons。　　It　is　composed　of　marble　in　mosaic：　　round　it　runs　this　inscription　in　letters　of　gold：


The　venerable　king；　St。　Edward　the　Confessor；　A　heroe　adorned　with　every　virtue。　He　died　on　the　5th　of　January；　1065；　And　mounted　into　Heaven。　Lift　up　your　hearts。


The　third　choir；　of　surprising　splendour　and　elegance；　was　added　to　the　east　end　by　Henry　VII。　for　a　burying…place　for　himself　and　his　posterity。　　Here　is　to　be　seen　his　magnificent　tomb；　wrought　of　brass　and　marble；　with　this　epitaph：


Here　lies　Henry　VII。　of　that　name；　formerly　King　of　England；　son　of　Edmund；　Earl　of　Richmond；　who；　ascending　the　throne　on　the　twenty…　second　day　of　August；　was　crowned　on　the　thirtieth　of　October　following　at　Westminster；　in　the　year　of　our　Lord　1485。　　He　died　on　the　twenty…first　of　April；　in　the　fifty…third　year　of　his　age；　after　a　reign　of　twenty…two　years　and　eight　months　wanting　a　day。


This　monument　is　enclosed　with　rails　of　brass；　with　a　long　epitaph　in　Latin　verse。

Under　the　same　tomb　lies　buried　Edward　VI。；　King　of　England；　son　of　Henry　VIII。　by　Jane　Seymour。　　He　succeeded　to　his　father　when　he　was　but　nine　years　old；　and　died　A。T。　1553；　on　the　6th　of　July；　in　the　sixteenth　year　of　his　age；　and　of　his　reign　the　seventh；　not　without　suspicion　of　poison。

Mary　was　proclaimed　queen　by　the　people　on　the　19th　of　July；　and　died　in　November；　1558；　and　is　buried　in　some　corner　of　the　same　choir；　without　any　inscription。


Queen　Elizabeth。

Here　lies　Queen　Elizabeth；　daughter　of　Edward　IV。；　sister　of　King　Edward　V。；　wife　of　Henry　VII。；　and　the　glorious　mother　of　Henry　VIII。　　She　died　in　the　Tower　of　London；　on　the　eleventh　of　February；　A。D。　1502；　in　the　thirty…seventh　year　of　her　age。


Between　the　second　and　third　choirs　in　the　side…chapels；　are　the　tombs　of　Sebert；　King　of　the　East　Saxons；　who　built　this　church　with　stone：　　and

Of　Margaret　of　Richmond；　mother　of　Henry　VII。；　grandmother　of　Henry　VIII。；　she　gave　this　monastery　to　the　monks　of　Winbourne；　｛3｝　who　preached　and　taught　grammar　all　England　over；　and　appointed　salaries　to　two　professors　of　divinity；　one　at　Oxford；　another　at　Cambridge；　where　she　founded　two　colleges　to　Christ　and　to　John　His　disciple。　She　died　A。D。　1463；　on　the　third　of　the　calends　of　July。

And　of　Margaret；　Countess　of　Lenox；　grandmother　of　James　VI。；　King　of　Scotland。

William　of　Valance；　half…brother　of　Henry　III。

The　Earl　of　Cornwall；　brother　of　Edward　III。

Upon　another　tomb　is　an　honorary　inscription　for　Frances；　Duchess　of　Suffolk。　　The　sense　of　it　is；


That　titles；　royal　birth；　riches；　or　a　large　family；　are　of　no　avail：　That　all　are　transitory；　virtue　alone　resisting　the　funeral　pile。　That　this　lady　was　first　married　to　a　duke；　then　to　Stoke；　a　gentleman；　And　lastly；　by　the　grave　espoused　to　CHRIST。


The　next　is　the　tomb　of　Lord　Russell；　son　of　the　Earl　of　Bedford；　whose　lady　composed　the　following　Greek　and　Latin　verses；　and　had　them　engraved　on　the　marble：…


How　was　I　startled　at　the　cruel　feast；　By　death's　rude　hands　in　horrid　manner　drest；　Such　grief　as　sure　no　hapless　woman　knew；　When　thy　pale　image　lay　before　my　view。　Thy　father's　heir　in　beauteous　form　arrayed　Like　flowers　in　spring；　and　fair；　like　them　to　fade；　Leaving　behind　unhappy　wretched　me；　And　all　thy　little　orphan…progeny：　Alike　the　beauteous　face；　the　comely　air；　The　tongue　persuasive；　and　the　actions　fair；　Decay：　　so　learning　too　in　time　shall　waste：　But　faith；　chaste　lovely　faith；　shall　ever　last。　The　once　bright　glory　of　his　house；　the　pride　Of　all　his　country；　dusty　ruins　hide：　Mourn；　hapless　orphans；　mourn；　once　happy　wife；　For　when　he　died；　died　all　the　joys　of　life。　Pious　and　just；　amidst　a　large　estate；　He　got　at　once　the　name　of　good　and　great。　He　made　no　flatt'ring　parasite　his　guest；　But　asked　the　good　companions　to　the　feast。


Anne；　Countess　of　Oxford；　daughter　of　William　Cecil；　Baron　Burleigh；　and　Lord　Treasurer。

Philippa；　daughter　and　co…heiress　of　John；　Lord　Mohun　of　Dunster；　wife　of　Edward；　Duke　of　York。

Frances；　Countess　of　Sussex；　of　the　ancient　family　of　Sidney。

Thomas　Bromley；　Chancellor　to　Queen　Elizabeth。

The　Earl　of　Bridgewater；　｛4｝　Lord　Dawbney；　Lord　Chamberlain　to　Henry　VII。；　and　his　lady。

And　thus　much　for　Westminster。

There　are　many　other　churches　in　this　city；　but　none　so　remarkable　for　the　tombs　of　persons　of　distinction。

Near　to　this　church　is　Westminster　Hall；　where；　besides　the　Sessions　of　Parliament；　which　are　often　held　there；　are　the　Courts　of　Justice；　and　at　stated　times　are　heard　their　trials　in　law；　or　concerning　the　king's　patrimony；　or　in　chancery；　which　moderates　the　severity　of　the　common　law　by　equity。　　Till　the　time　of　Henry　I。　the　Prime　Court　of　Justice　was　movable；　and　followed　the　King's　Court；　but　he　enacted　by　the　Magna　Charta　that　the　common　pleas　should　no　longer　attend　his　Court；　but　be　held　at　some　determined　place。　　The　present　hall　was　built　by　King　Richard　II。　in　the　place　of　an　ancient　one　which　he　caused　to　be　taken　down。　　He　made　it　part　of　his　habitation　（for　at　that　time　the　Kings　of　England　determined　causes　in　their　own　proper　person；　and　from　the　days　of　Edward　the　Confessor　had　their　palace　adjoining）；　till；　above　sixty　years　since；　upon　its　being　burnt；　Henry　VIII。　　removed　the　royal　residence　to　Whitehall；　situated　in　the　neighbourhood；　which　a　little　before　was　the　house　of　Cardinal　Wolsey。　　This　palace　is　truly　royal；　enclosed　on　one　side　by　the　Thames；　on　the　other　by　a　park；　which　connects　it　with　St。　James's；　another　royal　palace。

In　the　chamber　where　the　Parliament　is　usually　held；　the　seats　and　wainscot　are　made　of　wood；　the　growth　of　Ireland；　said　to　have　that　occult　quality；　that　all　poisonous　animals　are　driven　away　by　it；　and　it　is　affirmed　for　certain；　that　in　Ireland　there　are　neither　serpents；　toads；　nor　any　other　venomous　creature　to　be　found。

Near　this　place　are　seen　an　immense　number　of　swans；　who　wander　up　and　down　the　river　for　some　miles；　in　great　security；　nobody　daring　to　molest；　much　less　kill　any　of　them；　under　penalty　of　a　considerable　fine。

In　Whitehall　are　the　following　things　worthy　of　observation：…

I。　　The　Royal　Library；　well　stored　with　Greek；　Latin；　Italian　and　French　books；　amongst　the　rest；　a　little　one　in　French　upon　parchment；　in　the　handwriting　of　the　present　reigning　Queen　Elizabeth；　thus　inscribed：…


To　the　most　high；　puissant；　and　redoubted　prince；　Henry　VIII。　of　the　name；　King　of　England；　France　and　Ireland；　Defender　of　the　Faith；　Elizabeth；　his　most　humble　daughter。　　Health　and　obedience。


All　these　books　are　bound　in　velvet　in　different　colours；　though　chiefly　red；　with　clasps　of　gold　and　silver；　some　have　pearls　and　precious　stones　set　in　their　bindings。

II。　　Two　little　silver　cabinets　of　exquisite　work；　in　which　the　Queen　keeps　her　paper；　and　which　she　uses　for　writing　boxes。

III。　　The　Queen's　bed；　ingeniously　composed　of　woods　of　different　colours；　with　quilts　of　silk；　velvet；　gold；　silver；　and　embroidery。

IV。　　A　little　chest　ornamented　all　over　with　pearls；　in　which　the　Queen　keeps　her　bracelets；　ear…rings；　and　other　things　of　extraordinary　value。

V。　　Christ's　Passion；　in　painted　glass。

VI。　　Portraits：　　among　which　are；　Queen　Elizabeth；　at　sixteen　years　old；　Henry；　Richard；　Edward；　Kings　of　England；　Rosamond；　Lucrece；　a　Grecian　bride；　in　her　nuptial　habit；　the　genealogy　of　the　Kings　of　England；　a　picture　of　King　Edward　VI。；　representing　at　first　sight　something　quite　deformed；　till　by　looking　through　a　small　hole　in　the　cover　which　is　put　over　it；　you　see　it　in　its　true　proportions；　Charles　V。；　Emperor；　Charles　Emanuel；　Duke　of　Savoy；　and　Catherine　of　Spain；　his　wife；　Ferdinand；　Duke　of　Florence；　with　his　daughters；　one　of　Philip；　King　of　Spain；　when　he　came　into　England　and　married　Mary；　Henry　VII。；　Henry　VIII。；　and　his　mother；　besides　many　more　of　illustrious　men　and　women；　and　a　picture　of　the　Siege　of　Malta。

VII。　　A　small　hermitage；　half　hid　in　a　rock；　finely　carved　in　wood。

VIII。　　Variety　of　emblems　on　paper；　cut　in　the　shape　of　shields；　with　mottoes；　used　by　the　mobility　at　tilts　and　tournaments；　hung　up　here　for　a　memorial。

IX。　　Different　instruments　of　music；　upon　one　of　which　two　persons　may　perform　at　the　same　time。

X。　　A　piece　of　clock…work；　an　Ethiop　riding　upon　a　rhinoceros；　with　four　attendants；　who　all　make　their　obeisance　when　it　strikes　the　hour；　these　are　all　put　into　motion　by　winding　up　the　machine。

At　the　entrance　into　the　park　from　Whitehall　is　this　inscription：…


The　fisherman　who　has　been　wounded；　learns；　though　late；　to　beware；　But　the　unfortunate　Actaeon　always　presses　on。　The　chaste　virgin　naturally　pitied：　But　the　powerful　goddess　revenged　the　wrong。　Let　Actaeon　fall　a　prey　to　his　dogs；　An　example　to　youth；　A　disgrace　to　those　that　belong　to　him！　May　Diana　live　the　care　of　Heaven；　The　delight　of　mortals；　The　security　of　those　that　belong　to　her！　｛5｝


In　this　park　is　great　plenty　of　deer。

In　a　garden　joining　to　this　palace　there　is　a　JET　D'EAU；　with　a　sun…　dial；　which　while　strangers　are　looking　at；　a　quantity　of　water；　forced　by　a　wheel　which　the　gardener　turns　at　a　distance；　through　a　number　of　little　pipes；　plentifully　sprinkles　those　that　are　standing　round。

Guildhall；　a　fine　structure　built　by　Thomas　Knowles。　　Here　are　to　be　seen　the　statues　of　two　giants；　said　to　have　assisted　the　English　when　the　Romans　made　war　upon　them：　　Corinius　of　Britain；　and　Gogmagog　of　Albion。　　Beneath　upon　a　table　the　titles　of　Charles　V。；　Emperor；　are　written　in　letters　of　gold。

The　government　of　Londo