aemilius paulus-第6部分

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Germany；　all　on　a　sudden；　and　nobody　knows　upon　what　account；　the
people　spontaneously　gave　out　a　rumour　of　victory；　and　the　news　ran
current　through　the　city；　that　Antonius　himself　was　slain；　his　whole
army　destroyed；　and　not　so　much　as　a　part　of　it　escaped；　nay；　this
belief　was　so　strong　and　positive；　that　many　of　the　magistrates
offered　up　sacrifice。　But　when；　at　length；　the　author　was　sought
for；　and　none　was　to　be　found；　it　vanished　by　degrees；　every　one
shifting　it　off　from　himself　to　another；　and；　at　last；　was　lost　in　the
numberless　crowd；　as　in　a　vast　ocean；　and；　having　no　solid　ground　to
support　its　credit；　was　in　a　short　time　not　so　much　as　named　in　the
city。　Nevertheless；　when　Domitian　marched　out　with　his　forces　to　the
war；　he　met　with　messengers　and　letters　that　gave　him　a　relation　of
the　victory；　and　the　rumour；　it　was　found；　had　come　the　very　day　it
was　gained；　though　the　distance　between　the　places　was　more　than
twenty…five　hundred　miles。　The　truth　of　this　no　man　of　our　time　is
ignorant　of。
　　But　to　proceed。　Cnaeus　Octavius；　who　was　joined　in　command　with
Aemilius；　came　to　an　anchor　with　his　fleet　under　Samothrace；　where；
out　of　respect　to　the　gods；　he　permitted　Perseus　to　enjoy　the
benefit　of　refuge；　but　took　care　that　he　should　not　escape　by　sea。
Notwithstanding；　Perseus　secretly　persuaded　Oroandes　of　Crete；
master　of　a　small　vessel；　to　convey　him　and　his　treasure　away。　He；
however；　playing　the　true　Cretan；　took　in　the　treasure；　and　bade　him
come；　in　the　night；　with　his　children　and　most　necessary　attendants；
to　the　port　by　the　temple　of　Ceres；　but；　as　soon　as　it　was　evening；
set　sail　without　him。　It　had　been　sad　enough　for　Perseus　to　be
forced　to　let　down　himself；　his　wife；　and　children　through　a　narrow
window　by　a　wall…　people　altogether　unaccustomed　to　hardship　and
flying；　but　that　which　drew　a　far　sadder　sigh　from　his　heart　was；　when
he　was　told　by　a　man；　as　he　wandered　on　the　shore；　that　he　had　seen
Oroandes　under　sail　in　the　main　sea；　it　being　now　about　daybreak。
So；　there　being　no　hopes　left　of　escaping；　he　fled　back　again　to　the
wall；　which　he　and　his　wife　recovered；　though　they　were　seen　by　the
Romans；　before　they　could　reach　them。　His　children　he　himself　had
delivered　into　the　hands　of　Ion；　one　that　had　been　his　favourite；
but　now　proved　his　betrayer；　and　was　the　chief　cause　that　forced　him
（beasts　themselves　will　do　so　when　their　young　ones　are　taken）　to　come
and　yield　himself　up　to　those　that　had　them　in　their　power。　His
greatest　confidence　was　in　Nasica；　and　it　was　for　him　he　called；　but
he　not　being　there；　he　bewailed　his　misfortune；　and；　seeing　there
was　no　possible　remedy；　surrendered　himself　to　Octavius。　And　here；
in　particular；　he　made　it　manifest　that　he　was　possessed　with　a　vice
more　sordid　than　covetousness　itself；　namely；　the　fondness　of　life；　by
which　he　deprived　himself　even　of　pity；　the　only　thing　that　fortune
never　takes　away　from　the　most　wretched。　He　desired　to　be　brought　to
Aemilius；　who　arose　from　his　seat；　and；　accompanied　with　his
friends；　went　to　receive　him；　with　tears　in　his　eyes；　as　a　great　man
fallen　by　the　anger　of　the　gods　and　his　own　ill…fortune；　when　Perseus…
the　most　shameful　of　sights…　threw　himself　at　his　feet；　embraced　his
knees；　and　uttered　unmanly　cries　and　petitions；　such　as　Aemilius　was
not　able　to　bear；　nor　would　vouchsafe　to　hear：　but　looking　on　him　with
a　sad　and　angry　countenance　he　said；　〃Why；　unhappy　man；　do　you　thus
take　pains　to　exonerate　fortune　of　your　heaviest　charge　against　her；
by　conduct　that　will　make　it　seem　that　you　are　not　unjustly　in
calamity；　and　that　it　is　not　your　present　condition；　but　your　former
happiness；　that　was　more　than　your　deserts？　And　why　depreciate　also　my
victory；　and　make　my　conquests　insignificant；　by　proving　yourself　a
coward；　and　a　foe　beneath　a　Roman？　Distressed　valour　challenges
great　respect；　even　from　enemies；　but　cowardice；　though　never　so
successful；　from　the　Romans　has　always　met　with　scorn。〃　Yet　for　all
this　he　took　him　up；　gave　him　his　hand；　and　delivered　him　into　the
custody　of　Tubero。　Meantime；　he　himself　carried　his　sons；　his
sons…in…law；　and　others　of　chief　rank；　especially　of　the　younger　sort；
back　with　him　into　his　tent；　where　for　a　long　time　he　sat　down　without
speaking　one　word；　insomuch　that　they　all　wondered　at　him。　At　last；　he
began　to　discourse　of　fortune　and　human　affairs。　〃Is　it　meet；〃　said
he；　〃for　him　that　knows　he　is　but　man；　in　his　greatest　prosperity　to
pride　himself；　and　be　exalted　at　the　conquest　of　a　city；　nation；　or
kingdom；　and　not　rather　well　to　weigh　this　change　of　fortune；　in　which
all　warriors　may　see　an　example　of　their　common　frailty；　and　learn　a
lesson　that　there　is　nothing　durable　or　constant？　For　what　time　can
men　select　to　think　themselves　secure；　when　that　of　victory　itself
forces　us　more　than　any　to　dread　our　own　fortune？　and　a　very　little
consideration　on　the　law　of　things；　and　how　all　are　hurried　round；　and
each　man's　station　changed；　will　introduce　sadness　in　the　midst　of　the
greatest　joy。　Or　can　you；　when　you　see　before　your　eyes　the　succession
of　Alexander　himself；　who　arrived　at　the　height　of　power　and　ruled　the
greatest　empire；　in　the　short　space　of　an　hour　trodden　underfoot…　when
you　behold　a　king；　that　was　but　even　now　surrounded　with　so　numerous
an　army；　receiving　nourishment　to　support　his　life　from　the　hands　of
his　conquerors…　can　you；　I　say；　believe　there　is　any　certainty　in　what
we　now　possess　whilst　there　is　such　a　thing　as　chance？　No；　young
men；　cast　off　that　vain　pride　and　empty　boast　of　victory；　sit　down
with　humility；　looking　always　for　what　is　yet　to　come；　and　the
possible　future　reverses　which　the　divine　displeasure　may　eventually
make　the　end　of　our　present　happiness。〃　It　is　said　that　Aemilius；
having　spoken　much　more　to　the　same　purpose；　dismissed　the　young　men
properly　humbled；　and　with　their　vainglory　and　insolence　thoroughly
chastened　and　curbed　by　his　address。
　　When　this　was　done；　he　put　his　army　into　garrisons；　to　refresh
themselves；　and　went　himself　to　visit　Greece；　and　to　spend　a　short
time　in　relaxations　equally　honourable　and　humane。　For　as　he　passed；
he　eased　the　people's　grievances；　reformed　their　governments；　and
bestowed　gifts　upon　them；　to　some　corn；　to　others　oil　out　of　the
king's　storehouses；　in　which；　they　report；　there　were　such　vast
quantities　laid　up；　that　receivers　and　petitioners　were　lacking　before
they　could　be　exhausted。　In　Delphi　he　found　a　great　square　pillar　of
white　marble；　designed　for　the　pedestal　of　King　Perseus's　golden
statue；　on　which　he　commanded　his　own　to　be　placed；　alleging　that　it
was　but　just　that　the　conquered　should　give　place　to　the　conquerors。
In　Olympia　he　is　said　to　have　uttered　the　saying　everybody　has
heard；　that　Phidias　had　carved　Homer's　Jupiter。　When　the　ten
commissioners　arrived　from　Rome；　he　delivered　up　again　to　the
Macedonians　their　cities　and　country；　granting　them　to　live　at
liberty；　and　according　to　their　own　laws；　only　paying　the　Romans　the
tribute　of　a　hundred　talents；　double　which　sum　they　had　been　wont　to
pay　to　their　kings。　Then　he　celebrated　all　manner　of　shows　and
games；　and　sacrifices　to　the　gods；　and　made　great　entertainments　and
feasts；　the　charge　of　all　which　he　liberally　defrayed　out　of　the
king's　treasury；　and　showed　that　he　understood　the　ordering　and
placing　of　his　guests；　and　how　every　man　should　be　received；
answerably　to　their　rank　and　quality；　with　such　nice　exactness；　that
the　Greeks　were　full　of　wonder；　finding　the　care　of　these　matters　of
pleasure　did　not　escape　him；　and　that　though　involved　in　such
important　business；　he　could　observe　correctness　in　these　trifles。　Nor
was　it　least　gratifying　to　him；　that；　amidst　all　the　magnificent　and
splendid　preparations；　he　himself　was　always　the　most　grateful
sight；　and　greatest　pleasure　to　those　he　entertained。　And　he　told
those　that　seemed　to　wonder　at　his　diligence；　that　there　was　the
same　spirit　shown　in　marshalling；　a　banquet　as　an　army；　in　rendering
the　one　formidable　to　the　enemy；　the　other　acceptable　to　the　guests。
Nor　did　men　less　praise　his　liberality；　and　the　greatness　of　his　soul；
than　his　other　virtues；　for　he　would　not　so　much　as　see　those　great
quantities　of　silver　and　gold；　which　were　heaped　together　out　of　the
king's　palaces；　but　delivered　them　to　the　quaestors；　to　be　put　into
the　public　treasury。　He　only　permitted　his　own　sons；　who　were　great
lovers　of　learning；　to　take　the　king's　books；　and　when　he
distributed　rewards　due　to　extraordinary　valour；　he　gave　his
son…in…law；　Aelius　Tubero；　a　bowl　that　weighed　five　pounds。　This　is
that　Tubero　we　have　already　mentioned；　who　was　one　of　sixteen
relations　that　lived　together；　and　were　all　maintained　out　of　one
little　farm；　and　it　is　said　that　this　was　the　first　plate　that　ever
entered　the　house　of　the　Aelii；　brought　thither　as　an　honour　and
reward　of　virtue；　before　this　time；　neither　they　nor　their　wives
ever　made　use　either　of　silver　or　gold。
　　Having　thus　settled　everything　well；　taking　his　leave　of　the　Greeks；
and　exhorting　the　Macedonians；　that；　mindful　of　the　liberty　they　had
received　from　the　Romans；　they　should　endeavour　to　maintain　it　by
their　obedience　to　the　laws；　and　concord　amongst　themselves；　he
departed　for　Epirus；　having　orders　from　the　senate　to　give　the
soldiers　that　followed　him　in　the　war　against　Perseus　the　pillage　of
the　cities　of　that　country。　That　he　might　set　upon　them　all　at　once　by
surprise　and　unawares；　he　summoned　ten　of　the　principal　men　out　of
each；　whom　he　commanded；　on　such　an　appointed　day；　to　bring　all　the
gold　and　silver　they　had　either　in　their　private　houses　or　temples；
and；　with　every　one　of　these；　as　if　it　were　for　this　very　purpose；　and
under　a　pretence　of　searching　for　and　receiving　the　gold；　he　sent　a
centurion　and　a　guard　of　soldiers；　who；　the　set　day　being　come；　rose
all　at　once；　and　at　the　very　self…same　time　fell　upon　them；　and
proceeded　to　ransack　the　cities；　so　that　in　one　hour　a　hundred　and
fifty　thousand　persons　were　made　slaves；　and　threescore　and　ten　cities
sacked。　Yet　what　was　given　to　each　soldier；　out　of　so　vast　a
destruction　and　utter　ruin；　amounted　to　no　more　than　eleven
drachmas；　so　tha