cicero-第6部分

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advocacy；　immediately　prosecuted　his　friend　Sabinus；　he　said　in　the



warmth　of　his　resentment；　〃Do　you　suppose　you　were　acquitted　for



your　own　merits；　Munatius；　and　was　it　not　that　I　so　darkened　the　case；



that　the　court　could　not　see　your　guilt？〃　When　from　the　rostra　he



had　made　a　eulogy　on　Marcus　Crassus；　with　much　applause；　and　within



a　few　days　after　again　as　publicly　reproached　him；　Crassus　called　to



him；　and　said；　〃Did　not　you　yourself　two　days　ago；　in　this　same　place；



commend　me？〃　〃Yes；〃　said　Cicero；　〃I　exercised　my　eloquence　in



declaiming　upon　a　bad　subject。〃　At　another　time；　Crassus　had　said　that



no　one　of　his　family　had　ever　lived　beyond　sixty　years　of　age；　and



afterwards　denied　it；　and　asked；　〃What　should　put　it　into　my　head　to



say　so？〃　〃It　was　to　gain　the　people's　favour；〃　answered　Cicero；　〃you



knew　how　glad　they　would　be　to　hear　it。〃　When　Crassus　expressed



admiration　of　the　Stoic　doctrine；　that　the　good　man　is　always　rich；



〃Do　you　not　mean；〃　said　Cicero；　〃their　doctrine　that　all　things　belong



to　the　wise？〃　Crassus　being　generally　accused　of　covetousness。　One



of　Crassus's　sons；　who　was　thought　so　exceedingly　like　a　man　of　the



name　of　Axius　as　to　throw　some　suspicion　on　his　mother's　honour；



made　a　successful　speech　in　the　senate。　Cicero；　on　being　asked　how



he　liked　it；　replied　with　the　Greek　words　Axios　Crassou。



　　When　Crassus　was　about　to　go　into　Syria；　he　desired　to　leave



Cicero　rather　his　friend　than　his　enemy；　and；　therefore；　one　day



saluting　him；　told　him　he　would　come　and　sup　with　him；　which　the　other



as　courteously　received。　Within　a　few　days　after；　on　some　of



Cicero's　acquaintances　interceding　for　Vatinius；　as　desirous　of



reconciliation　and　friendship；　for　he　was　then　his　enemy；　〃What；〃　he



replied；　〃does　Vatinius　also　wish　to　come　and　sup　with　me？〃　Such　was



his　way　with　Crassus。　When　Vatinius；　who　had　swellings　in　his　neck；



was　pleading　a　cause　he　called　him　the　tumid　orator；　and　having　been



told　by　some　one　that　Vatinius　was　dead；　on　hearing；　presently



after；　that　he　was　alive；　〃May　the　rascal　perish；〃　said　he。　〃for　his



news　not　being　true。〃



　　Upon　Caesar's　bringing　forward　a　law　for　the　division　of　the　lands



in　Campania　amongst　the　soldiers；　many　in　the　senate　opposed　it；



amongst　the　rest；　Lucius　Gellius；　one　of　the　oldest　men　in　the



house；　said　it　should　never　pass　whilst　he　lived。　〃Let　us　postpone



it；〃　said　Cicero；　〃Gellius　does　not　ask　us　to　wait　long。〃　There　was



a　man　of　the　name　of　Octavius；　suspected　to　be　of　African　descent。



He　once　said；　when　Cicero　was　pleading；　that　he　could　not　hear　him；



〃Yet　there　are　holes〃　said　Cicero；　〃in　your　ears。〃　When　Metellus　Nepos



told　him　that　he　had　ruined　more　as　a　witness　than　he　had　saved　as



an　advocate；　〃I　admit；〃　said　Cicero；　〃that　I　have　more　truth　than



eloquence。〃　To　a　young　man　who　was　suspected　of　having　given　a



poisoned　cake　to　his　father；　and　who　talked　largely　of　the



invectives　he　meant　to　deliver　against　Cicero；　〃Better　these〃



replied　he；　〃than　your　cakes。〃　Publius　Sextius；　having　amongst



others　retained　Cicero　as　his　advocate　in　a　certain　cause；　was　yet



desirous　to　say　all　for　himself；　and　would　not　allow　anybody　to



speak　for　him；　when　he　was　about　to　receive　his　acquittal　from　the



judges；　and　the　ballots　were　passing；　Cicero　called　to　him；　〃Make



haste；　Sextius；　and　use　your　time；　to…morrow　you　will　be　nobody。〃　He



cited　Publius　Cotta　to　bear　testimony　in　a　certain　cause；　one　who



affected　to　be　thought　a　lawyer；　though　ignorant　and　unlearned；　to



whom；　when　he　had　said；　〃I　know　nothing　of　the　matter；〃　he　answered



〃You　think；　perhaps；　we　ask　you　about　a　point　of　law。〃　To　Metellus



Nepos；　who；　in　a　dispute　between　them；　repeated　several　times；　〃Who



was　your　father；　Cicero？〃　he　replied；　〃Your　mother　has　made　the　answer



to　such　a　question　in　your　case　more　difficult；〃　Nepos's　mother　having



been　of　ill…repute。　The　son；　also；　was　of　a　giddy；　uncertain　temper。



At　one　time　he　suddenly　threw　up　his　office　of　tribune；　and　sailed　off



into　Syria　to　Pompey；　and　immediately　after；　with　as　little　reason；



came　back　again。　He　gave　his　tutor　Philagrus；　a　funeral　with　more　than



necessary　attention；　and　then　set　up　the　stone　figure　of　a　crow　over



his　tomb。　〃This；〃　said　Cicero；　〃is　really　appropriate；　as　he　did　not



teach　you　to　speak；　but　to　fly　about。〃　When　Marcus　Appius；　in　the



opening　of　some　speech　in　a　court　of　justice　said　that　his　friend



had　desired　him　to　employ　industry；　eloquence；　and　fidelity　in　that



cause；　Cicero　answered；　〃And　how　have　you　had　the　heart　not　to



accede　to　any　one　of　his　requests？〃



　　To　use　this　sharp　raillery　against　opponents　and　antagonists　in



judicial　pleading　seems　allowable　rhetoric。　But　he　excited　much



ill…feeling　by　his　readiness　to　attack　any　one　for　the　sake　of　a　jest。



A　few　anecdotes　of　this　kind　may　be　added。　Marcus　Aquinius；　who　had



two　sons…in…law　in　exile；　received　from　him　the　name　of　King　Adrastus。



Lucius　Cotta；　an　intemperate　lover　of　wine；　was　censor　when　Cicero



stood　for　the　consulship。　Cicero；　being　thirsty　at　the　election；　his



friends　stood　round　about　him　while　he　was　drinking。　〃You　have



reason　to　be　afraid；〃　he　said；　〃lest　the　censor　should　be　angry　with



me　for　drinking　water。〃　Meeting　one　day　Voconius　with　his　three　very



ugly　daughters；　he　quoted　the　verse…







　　　　　　　　　〃He　reared　a　race　without　Apollo's　leave。〃







When　Marcus　Gellius；　who　was　reputed　the　son　of　a　slave；　had　read



several　letters　in　the　senate　with　a　very　shrill　and　loud　voice；



〃Wonder　not；〃　said　Cicero；　〃he　comes　of　the　criers。〃　When　Faustus



Sylla；　the　son　of　Sylla　the　dictator；　who　had；　during　his



dictatorship；　by　public　bills　proscribed　and　condemned　so　many



citizens；　had　so　far　wasted　his　estate；　and　got　into　debt；　that　he　was



forced　to　publish　his　bills　of　sale；　Cicero　told　him　that　he　liked



these　bills　much　better　than　those　of　his　father。　By　this　habit　he



made　himself　odious　with　many　people。



　　But　Clodius's　faction　conspired　against　him　upon　the　following



occasion。　Clodius　was　a　member　of　a　noble　family；　in　the　flower　of　his



youth；　and　of　a　bold　and　resolute　temper。　He；　being　in　love　with



Pompeia；　Caesar's　wife；　got　privately　into　his　house　in　the　dress



and　attire　of　a　music…girl；　the　women　being　at　that　time　offering



there　the　sacrifice　which　must　not　be　seen　by　men；　and　there　was　no



man　present。　Clodius；　being　a　youth　and　beardless；　hoped　to　get　to



Pompeia　among　the　women　without　being　taken　notice　of。　But　coming　into



a　great　house　by　night；　he　missed　his　way　in　the　passages；　and　a



servant　belonging　to　Aurelia；　Caesar's　mother；　spying　him　wandering　up



and　down；　inquired　his　name。　Thus　being　necessitated　to　speak；　he　told



her　he　was　seeking　for　one　of　Pompeia's　maids；　Abra　by　name；　and



she；　perceiving　it　not　to　be　a　woman's　voice；　shrieked　out；　and　called



in　the　women；　who　shutting　the　gates；　and　searching　every　place；　at



length　found　Clodius　hidden　in　the　chamber　of　the　maid　with　whom　he



had　come　in。　This　matter　being　much　talked　about；　Caesar　put　away



his　wife；　Pompeia；　and　Clodius　was　prosecuted　for　profaning　the　holy



rites。



　　Cicero　was　at　this　time　his　friend；　for　he　had　been　useful　to　him　in



the　conspiracy　of　Catiline；　as　one　of　his　forwardest　assistants　and



protectors。　But　when　Clodius　rested　his　defence　upon　this　point；



that　he　was　not　then　at　Rome；　but　at　a　distance　in　the　country；　Cicero



testified　that　he　had　come　to　his　house　that　day；　and　conversed　with



him　on　several　matters；　which　thing　was　indeed　true；　although　Cicero



was　thought　to　testify　it　not　so　much　for　the　truth's　sake　as　to



preserve　his　quiet　with　Terentia　his　wife。　For　she　bore　a　grudge



against　Clodius　on　account　of　his　sister　Clodia's　wishing；　as　it　was



alleged；　to　marry　Cicero；　and　having　employed　for　this　purpose　the



intervention　of　Tullus；　a　very　intimate　friend　of　Cicero's；　and　his



frequent　visits　to　Clodia；　who　lived　in　their　neighbourhood；　and　the



attentions　he　paid　to　her　had　excited　Terentia's　suspicions；　and；



being　a　woman　of　a　violent　temper　and　having　the　ascendant　over



Cicero；　she　urged　him　on　to　taking　a　part　against　Clodius；　and



delivering　his　testimony。　Many　other　good　and　honest　citizens　also



gave　evidence　against　him；　for　perjuries；　disorders；　bribing　the



people；　and　debauching　women。　Lucullus　proved；　by　his



women…servants；　that　he　had　debauched　his　youngest　sister　when　she　was



Lucullus's　wife；　and　there　was　a　general　belief　that　he　had　done　the



same　with　his　two　other　sisters；　Tertia；　whom　Marcius　Rex；　and　Clodia；



whom　Metellus　Celer　had　married；　the　latter　of　whom　was　called



Quadrantia；　because　one　of　her　lovers　had　deceived　her　with　a　purse　of



small　copper　money　instead　of　silver；　the　smallest　copper　coin　being



called　a　quadrant。　Upon　this　sister's　account；　in　particular；



Clodius's　character　was　attacked。　Notwithstanding　all　this；　when　the



common　people　united　against　the　accusers　and　witnesses　and　the



whole　party；　the　judges　were　affrighted；　and　a　guard　was　placed



about　them　for　their　defence；　and　most　of　them　wrote　their　sentences



on　the　tablets　in　such　a　way　that　they　could　not　well　be　read。　It



was　decided；　however；　that　there　was　a　majority　for　his　acquittal；　and



bribery　was　reported　to　have　been　employed；　in　reference　to　which



Catulus　remarked；　when　he　next　met　the　judges；　〃You　were　very　right　to



ask　for　a　guard；　to　prevent　your　money　being　taken　from　you。〃　And　when



Clodius　upbraided　Cicero　that　the　judges　had　not　believed　his



testimony；　〃Yes；〃　said　he；　〃five…and…twenty　of　them　trusted　me　and



condemned　you；　and　the　other　thirty　did　not　trust　you；　for　they　did



not　acquit　you　till　they　had　got　your　money。〃



　　Caesar；　though　cited；　did　not　give　his　t