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the georgics-第6部分

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  Sees many a generation; many an age

  Of men roll onward; and survives them all;

  Stretching its titan arms and branches far;

  Sole central pillar of a world of shade。

    Nor toward the sunset let thy vineyards slope;

  Nor midst the vines plant hazel; neither take

  The topmost shoots for cuttings; nor from the top

  Of the supporting tree your suckers tear;

  So deep their love of earth; nor wound the plants

  With blunted blade; nor truncheons intersperse

  Of the wild olive: for oft from careless swains

  A spark hath fallen; that; 'neath the unctuous rind

  Hid thief…like first; now grips the tough tree…bole;

  And mounting to the leaves on high; sends forth

  A roar to heaven; then coursing through the boughs

  And airy summits reigns victoriously;

  Wraps all the grove in robes of fire; and gross

  With pitch…black vapour heaves the murky reek

  Skyward; but chiefly if a storm has swooped

  Down on the forest; and a driving wind

  Rolls up the conflagration。 When 'tis so;

  Their root…force fails them; nor; when lopped away;

  Can they recover; and from the earth beneath

  Spring to like verdure; thus alone survives

  The bare wild olive with its bitter leaves。

    Let none persuade thee; howso weighty…wise;

  To stir the soil when stiff with Boreas' breath。

  Then ice…bound winter locks the fields; nor lets

  The young plant fix its frozen root to earth。

  Best sow your vineyards when in blushing Spring

  Comes the white bird long…bodied snakes abhor;

  Or on the eve of autumn's earliest frost;

  Ere the swift sun…steeds touch the wintry Signs;

  While summer is departing。 Spring it is

  Blesses the fruit…plantation; Spring the groves;

  In Spring earth swells and claims the fruitful seed。

  Then Aether; sire omnipotent; leaps down

  With quickening showers to his glad wife's embrace;

  And; might with might commingling; rears to life

  All germs that teem within her; then resound

  With songs of birds the greenwood…wildernesses;

  And in due time the herds their loves renew;

  Then the boon earth yields increase; and the fields

  Unlock their bosoms to the warm west winds;

  Soft moisture spreads o'er all things; and the blades

  Face the new suns; and safely trust them now;

  The vine…shoot; fearless of the rising south;

  Or mighty north winds driving rain from heaven;

  Bursts into bud; and every leaf unfolds。

  Even so; methinks; when Earth to being sprang;

  Dawned the first days; and such the course they held;

  'Twas Spring…tide then; ay; Spring; the mighty world

  Was keeping: Eurus spared his wintry blasts;

  When first the flocks drank sunlight; and a race

  Of men like iron from the hard glebe arose;

  And wild beasts thronged the woods; and stars the heaven。

  Nor could frail creatures bear this heavy strain;

  Did not so large a respite interpose

  'Twixt frost and heat; and heaven's relenting arms

  Yield earth a welcome。

                         For the rest; whate'er

  The sets thou plantest in thy fields; thereon

  Strew refuse rich; and with abundant earth

  Take heed to hide them; and dig in withal

  Rough shells or porous stone; for therebetween

  Will water trickle and fine vapour creep;

  And so the plants their drooping spirits raise。

  Aye; and there have been; who with weight of stone

  Or heavy potsherd press them from above;

  This serves for shield in pelting showers; and this

  When the hot dog…star chaps the fields with drought。

    The slips once planted; yet remains to cleave

  The earth about their roots persistently;

  And toss the cumbrous hoes; or task the soil

  With burrowing plough…share; and ply up and down

  Your labouring bullocks through the vineyard's midst;

  Then too smooth reeds and shafts of whittled wand;

  And ashen poles and sturdy forks to shape;

  Whereby supported they may learn to mount;

  Laugh at the gales; and through the elm…tops win

  From story up to story。

                         Now while yet

  The leaves are in their first fresh infant growth;

  Forbear their frailty; and while yet the bough

  Shoots joyfully toward heaven; with loosened rein

  Launched on the void; assail it not as yet

  With keen…edged sickle; but let the leaves alone

  Be culled with clip of fingers here and there。

  But when they clasp the elms with sturdy trunks

  Erect; then strip the leaves off; prune the boughs;

  Sooner they shrink from steel; but then put forth

  The arm of power; and stem the branchy tide。

    Hedges too must be woven and all beasts

  Barred entrance; chiefly while the leaf is young

  And witless of disaster; for therewith;

  Beside harsh winters and o'erpowering sun;

  Wild buffaloes and pestering goats for ay

  Besport them; sheep and heifers glut their greed。

  Nor cold by hoar…frost curdled; nor the prone

  Dead weight of summer upon the parched crags;

  So scathe it; as the flocks with venom…bite

  Of their hard tooth; whose gnawing scars the stem。

  For no offence but this to Bacchus bleeds

  The goat at every altar; and old plays

  Upon the stage find entrance; therefore too

  The sons of Theseus through the country…side…

  Hamlet and crossway… set the prize of wit;

  And on the smooth sward over oiled skins

  Dance in their tipsy frolic。 Furthermore

  The Ausonian swains; a race from Troy derived;

  Make merry with rough rhymes and boisterous mirth;

  Grim masks of hollowed bark assume; invoke

  Thee with glad hymns; O Bacchus; and to thee

  Hang puppet…faces on tall pines to swing。

  Hence every vineyard teems with mellowing fruit;

  Till hollow vale o'erflows; and gorge profound;

  Where'er the god hath turned his comely head。

  Therefore to Bacchus duly will we sing

  Meet honour with ancestral hymns; and cates

  And dishes bear him; and the doomed goat

  Led by the horn shall at the altar stand;

  Whose entrails rich on hazel…spits we'll roast。

    This further task again; to dress the vine;

  Hath needs beyond exhausting; the whole soil

  Thrice; four times; yearly must be cleft; the sod

  With hoes reversed be crushed continually;

  The whole plantation lightened of its leaves。

  Round on the labourer spins the wheel of toil;

  As on its own track rolls the circling year。

  Soon as the vine her lingering leaves hath shed;

  And the chill north wind from the forests shook

  Their coronal; even then the careful swain

  Looks keenly forward to the coming year;

  With Saturn's curved fang pursues and prunes

  The vine forlorn; and lops it into shape。

  Be first to dig the ground up; first to clear

  And burn the refuse…branches; first to house

  Again your vine…poles; last to gather fruit。

  Twice doth the thickening shade beset the vine;

  Twice weeds with stifling briers o'ergrow the crop;

  And each a toilsome labour。 Do thou praise

  Broad acres; farm but few。 Rough twigs beside

  Of butcher's broom among the woods are cut;

  And reeds upon the river…banks; and still

  The undressed willow claims thy fostering care。

  So now the vines are fettered; now the trees

  Let go the sickle; and the last dresser now

  Sings of his finished rows; but still the ground

  Must vexed be; the dust be stirred; and heaven

  Still set thee trembling for the ripened grapes。

    Not so with olives; small husbandry need they;

  Nor look for sickle bowed or biting rake;

  When once they have gripped the soil; and borne the breeze。

  Earth of herself; with hooked fang laid bare;

  Yields moisture for the plants; and heavy fruit;

  The ploughshare aiding; therewithal thou'lt rear

  The olive's fatness well…beloved of Peace。

    Apples; moreover; soon as first they feel

  Their stems wax lusty; and have found their strength;

  To heaven climb swiftly; self…impelled; nor crave

  Our succour。 All the grove meanwhile no less

  With fruit is swelling; and the wild haunts of birds

  Blush with their blood…red berries。 Cytisus

  Is good to browse on; the tall forest yields

  Pine…torches; and the nightly fires are fed

  And shoot forth radiance。 And shall men be loath

  To plant; nor lavish of their pains? Why trace

  Things mightier? Willows even and lowly brooms

  To cattle their green leaves; to shepherds shade;

  Fences for crops; and food for honey yield。

  And blithe it is Cytorus to behold

  Waving with box; Narycian groves of pitch;

  Oh! blithe the sight of fields beholden not

  To rake or man's endeavour! the barren woods

  That crown the scalp of Caucasus; even these;

  Which furious blasts for ever rive and rend;

  Yield various wealth; pine…logs that serve for ships;

  Cedar and cypress for the homes of men;

  Hence; too; the farmers shave their wheel…spokes; hence

  Drums for their wains; and curved boat…keels fit;

  Willows bear twigs enow; the elm…tree leaves;

  Myrtle stout spear…shafts; war…tried cornel too;

  Yews into Ituraean bows are bent:

  Nor do smooth lindens or lathe…polished box

  Shrink from man's shaping and keen…furrowing steel;

  Light alder floats upon the boiling flood

  Sped down the Padus; and bees house their swarms

  In rotten holm…oak's hollow bark and bole。

  What of like praise can Bacchus' gifts afford?

  Nay; Bacchus even to crime hath prompted; he

  The wine…infuriate Centaurs quelled with death;

  Rhoetus and Pholus; and with mighty bowl

  Hylaeus threatening high the Lapithae。

    Oh! all too happy tillers of the soil;

  Could they but know their blessedness; for whom

  Far from the clash of arms all…equal earth

  Pours from the ground herself their easy fare!

  What though no lofty palace portal…proud

  From all its chambers vomits forth a tide

  Of morning courtiers; nor agape they gaze

  On pillars with fair tortoise…shell inwrought;

  Gold…purfled robes; and bronze from Ephyre;

  Nor is the whiteness of their wool distained

  With drugs As
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