cimon-第3部分

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his　first　plays；　opinions　were　much　divided；　and　the　spectators　had
taken　sides　with　some　heat。　So；　to　determine　the　case；　Apsephion；
who　was　at　that　time　archon；　would　not　cast　lots　who　should　be　judges；
but　when　Cimon　and　his　brother　commanders　with　him　came　into　the
theatre；　after　they　had　performed　the　usual　rites　to　the　god　of　the
festival；　he　would　not　allow　them　to　retire；　but　came　forward　and　made
them　swear　（being　ten　in　all；　one　from　each　tribe）　the　usual　oath；　and
so　being　sworn　judges；　he　made　them　sit　down　to　give　sentence。　The
eagerness　for　victory　grew　all　the　warmer　from　the　ambition　to　get　the
suffrages　of　such　honourable　judges。　And　the　victory　was　at　last
adjudged　to　Sophocles；　which　Aeschylus　is　said　to　have　taken　so　ill；
that　he　left　Athens　shortly　after；　and　went　in　anger　to　Sicily；
where　he　died；　and　was　buried　near　the　city　of　Gela。
　　Ion　relates　that　when　he　was　a　young　man；　and　recently　come　from
Chios　to　Athens；　he　chanced　to　sup　with　Cimon　at　Laomedon's　house。
After　supper；　when　they　had；　according　to　custom；　poured　out　wine　to
the　honour　of　the　gods；　Cimon　was　desired　by　the　company　to　give
them　a　song；　which　he　did　with　sufficient　success；　and　received　the
commendations　of　the　company；　who　remarked　on　his　superiority　to
Themistocles；　who；　on　a　like　occasion；　had　declared　he　had　never
learnt　to　sing；　nor　to　play；　and　only　knew　how　to　make　a　city　rich　and
powerful。　After　talking　of　things　incident　to　such　entertainments；
they　entered　upon　the　particulars　of　the　several　actions　for　which
Cimon　had　been　famous。　And　when　they　were　mentioning　the　most
signal；　he　told　them　they　had　omitted　one；　upon　which　he　valued
himself　most　for　address　and　good　contrivance。　He　gave　this　account　of
it。　When　the　allies　had　taken　a　great　number　of　the　barbarians
prisoners　in　Sestos　and　Byzantium；　they　gave　him　the　preference　to
divide　the　booty；　he　accordingly　put　the　prisoners　in　one　lot；　and　the
spoils　of　their　rich　attire　and　jewels　in　the　other。　This　the　allies
complained　of　as　an　unequal　division；　but　he　gave　them　their　choice　to
take　which　lot　they　would；　for　that　the　Athenians　should　be　content
with　that　which　they　refused。　Herophytus　of　Samos　advised　them　to　take
the　ornaments　for　their　share；　and　leave　the　slaves　to　the
Athenians；　and　Cimon　went　away；　and　was　much　laughed　at　for　his
ridiculous　division。　For　the　allies　carried　away　the　golden　bracelets；
and　armlets；　and　collars；　and　purple　robes；　and　the　Athenians　had　only
the　naked　bodies　of　the　captives；　which　they　could　make　no　advantage
of；　being　unused　to　labour。　But　a　little　while　after；　the　friends
and　kinsmen　of　the　prisoners　coming　from　Lydia　and　Phrygia；　redeemed
everyone　his　relations　at　a　high　ransom；　so　that　by　this　means　Cimon
got　so　much　treasure　that　he　maintained　his　whole　fleet　of　galleys
with　the　money　for　four　months；　and　yet　there　was　some　left　to　lay
up　in　the　treasury　at　Athens。
　　Cimon　now　grew　rich；　and　what　he　gained　from　the　barbarians　with
honour；　he　spent　yet　more　honourably　upon　the　citizens。　For　he
pulled　down　all　the　enclosures　of　his　gardens　and　grounds；　that
strangers；　and　the　needy　of　his　fellow…citizens；　might　gather　of　his
fruits　freely。　At　home　he　kept　a　table；　plain；　but　sufficient　for　a
considerable　number；　to　which　any　poor　townsman　had　free　access；　and
so　might　support　himself　without　labour；　with　his　whole　time　left　free
for　public　duties。　Aristotle　states；　however；　that　this　reception
did　not　extend　to　all　the　Athenians；　but　only　to　his　own
fellow…townsmen；　the　Laciadae。　Besides　this；　he　always　went　attended
by　two　or　three　young　companions；　very　well　clad；　and　if　he　met　with
an　elderly　citizen　in　a　poor　habit；　one　of　these　would　change
clothes　with　the　decayed　citizen；　which　was　looked　upon　as　very
nobly　done。　He　enjoined　them；　likewise；　to　carry　a　considerable
quantity　of　coin　about　them；　which　they　were　to　convey　silently　into
the　hands　of　the　better　class　of　poor　men；　as　they　stood　by　them　in
the　market…place。　This；　Cratinus　the　poet　speaks　of　in　one　of　his
comedies；　the　Archilochi…

　　　　　　　　　〃For　I；　Metrobius　too；　the　scrivener　poor；
　　　　　　　　　　Of　ease　and　comfort　in　my　age　secure
　　　　　　　　　　By　Greece's　noblest　son　in　life's　decline；
　　　　　　　　　　Cimon；　the　generous…hearted；　the　divine；
　　　　　　　　　　Well…fed　and　feasted　hoped　till　death　to　be；
　　　　　　　　　　Death　which；　alas！　has　taken　him　ere　me。〃

　　Gorgias　the　Leontine　gives　him　this　character；　that　he　got　riches
that　he　might　use　them；　and　used　them　that　he　might　get　honour　by
them。　And　Critias；　one　of　the　thirty　tyrants；　makes　it；　in　his
elegies；　his　wish　to　have…

　　　　　　　　　〃The　Scopads'　wealth；　and　Cimon's　nobleness；
　　　　　　　　　　And　King　Agesilaus's　success。〃

　　Lichas；　we　know；　became　famous　in　Greece；　only　because　on　the　days
of　the　sports；　when　the　young　boys　run　naked；　he　used　to　entertain　the
strangers　that　came　to　see　these　diversions。　But　Cimon's　generosity
outdid　all　the　old　Athenian　hospitality　and　good…nature。　For　though　it
is　the　city's　just　boast　that　their　forefathers　taught　the　rest　of
Greece　to　sow　corn；　and　how　to　use　springs　of　water；　and　to　kindle
fire；　yet　Cimon；　by　keeping　open　house　for　his　fellow…citizens；　and
giving　travellers　liberty　to　eat　the　fruits　which　the　several
seasons　produced　in　his　land；　seemed　to　restore　to　the　world　that
community　of　goods；　which　mythology　says　existed　in　the　reign　of
Saturn。　Those　who　object　to　him；　that　he　did　this　to　be　popular　and
gain　the　applause　of　the　vulgar；　are　confuted　by　the　constant　tenor　of
the　rest　of　his　actions；　which　all　tended　to　uphold　the　interests　of
the　nobility　and　the　Spartan　policy；　of　which　he　gave　instances；
when　together　with　Aristides　he　opposed　Themistocles；　who　was
advancing　the　authority　of　the　people　beyond　its　just　limits；　and
resisted　Ephialtes；　who；　to　please　the　multitude；　was　for　abolishing
the　jurisdiction　of　the　court　of　Areopagus。　And　when　all　of　this　time；
except　Aristides　and　Ephialtes；　enriched　themselves　out　of　the
public　money；　he　still　kept　his　hands　clean　and　untainted；　and　to
his　last　day　never　acted　or　spoke　for　his　own　private　gain　or
emolument。　They　tell　us　that　Rhoesaces；　a　Persian；　who　had
traitorously　revolted　from　the　king　his　master；　fled　to　Athens；　and
there；　being　harassed　by　sycophants；　who　were　still　accusing　him　to
the　people；　he　applied　himself　to　Cimon　for　redress；　and；　to　gain
his　favour；　laid　down　in　his　doorway　two　cups；　the　one　full　of　gold
and　the　other　of　silver　Darics。　Cimon　smiled　and　asked　him　whether
he　wished　to　have　Cimon's　hired　service　or　his　friendship。　He　replied；
his　friendship。　〃If　so；〃　said　he；　〃take　away　these　pieces；　for；
being　your　friend；　when　I　shall　have　occasion　for　them；　I　will　send
and　ask　for　them。〃
　　The　allies　of　the　Athenians　began　now　to　be　weary　of　war　and
military　service；　willing　to　have　repose；　and　to　look　after　their
husbandry　and　traffic。　For　they　saw　their　enemies　driven　out　of　the
country；　and　did　not　fear　any　new　vexations　from　them。　They　still　paid
the　tax　they　were　assessed　at；　but　did　not　send　men　and　galleys；　as
they　had　done　before。　This　the　other　Athenian　generals　wished　to
constrain　them　to；　and　by　judicial　proceedings　against　defaulters；　and
penalties　which　they　inflicted　on　them；　made　the　government　uneasy；
and　even　odious。　But　Cimon　practised　a　contrary　method；　he　forced　no
man　to　go　that　was　not　willing；　but　of　those　that　desired　to　be
excused　from　service　he　took　money　and　vessels　unmanned；　and　let
them　yield　to　the　temptation　of　staying　at　home；　to　attend　to　their
private　business。　Thus　they　lost　their　military　habits　and　luxury；　and
their　own　folly　quickly　changed　them　into　unwarlike　husbandmen　and
traders；　while　Cimon；　continually　embarking　large　numbers　of　Athenians
on　board　his　galleys；　thoroughly　disciplined　them　in　his
expeditions；　and　ere　long　made　them　the　lords　of　their　own　paymasters。
The　allies；　whose　indolence　maintained　them；　while　they　thus　went
sailing　about　everywhere；　and　incessantly　bearing　arms　and　acquiring
skill；　began　to　fear　and　flatter　them；　and　found　themselves　after　a
while　allies　no　longer；　but　unwittingly　become　tributaries　and　slaves。
　　Nor　did　any　man　ever　do　more　than　Cimon　did　to　humble　the　pride　of
the　Persian　king。　He　was　not　content　with　getting　rid　of　him　out　of
Greece；　but　following　close　at　his　heels；　before　the　barbarians
could　take　breath　and　recover　themselves；　he　was　already　at　work；
and　what　with　his　devastations；　and　his　forcible　reduction　of　some
places；　and　the　revolts　and　voluntary　accession　of　others；　in　the　end；
from　Ionia　to　Pamphylia；　all　Asia　was　clear　of　Persian　soldiers。
Word　being　brought　him　that　the　royal　commanders　were　lying　in　wait
upon　the　coast　of　Pamphylia　with　a　numerous　land　army　and　a　large
fleet；　he　determined　to　make　the　whole　sea　on　his　side　the　Chelidonian
islands　so　formidable　to　them　that　they　should　never　dare　to　show
themselves　in　it；　and　setting　off　from　Cnidos　and　the　Triopian
headland　with　two　hundred　galleys；　which　had　been　originally　built
with　particular　care　by　Themistocles；　for　speed　and　rapid
evolutions；　and　to　which　he　now　gave　greater　width　and　roomier　decks
along　the　sides　to　move　to　and　fro　upon；　so　as　to　allow　a　great　number
of　full…armed　soldiers　to　take　part　in　the　engagements　and　fight
from　them；　he　shaped　his　course　first　of　all　against　the　town　of
Phaselis；　which　though　inhabited　by　Greeks；　yet　would　not　quit　the
interests　of　Persia；　but　denied　his　galleys　entrance　into　their
port。　Upon　this　he　wasted　the　country；　and　drew　up　his　army　to　their
very　walls；　but　the　soldiers　of　Chios；　who　were　then　serving　under
him；　being　ancient　friends　to　the　Phaselites；　endeavouring　to
propitiate　the　general　in　their　behalf；　at　the　same　time　shot　arrows
into　the　town；　to　which　were　fastened　letters　conveying
intelligence。　At　length　he　concluded　peace　with　them；　upon　the
conditions　that　they　should　pay　down　ten　talents；　and　follow　him
against　the　barbarians。　Ephorus　says　the　admiral　of　the　Persian
fleet　was　Tithraustes；　and　the　general　of　the　land　army　Pherendates；
but　Callisthenes　is　positive　that　Ariomandes；　the　son　of　Gobryas；
had　the　supreme　command　of　all　the　forces。　He　lay　waitin