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inferno-第3部分

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  What spirits these; which thou beholdest; are?
  Now will I have thee know; ere thou go farther;

That they sinned not; and if they merit had;
  'Tis not enough; because they had not baptism
  Which is the portal of the Faith thou holdest;

And if they were before Christianity;
  In the right manner they adored not God;
  And among such as these am I myself。

For such defects; and not for other guilt;
  Lost are we and are only so far punished;
  That without hope we live on in desire。〃

Great grief seized on my heart when this I heard;
  Because some people of much worthiness
  I knew; who in that Limbo were suspended。

〃Tell me; my Master; tell me; thou my Lord;〃
  Began I; with desire of being certain
  Of that Faith which o'ercometh every error;

〃Came any one by his own merit hence;
  Or by another's; who was blessed thereafter?〃
  And he; who understood my covert speech;

Replied: 〃I was a novice in this state;
  When I saw hither come a Mighty One;
  With sign of victory incoronate。

Hence he drew forth the shade of the First Parent;
  And that of his son Abel; and of Noah;
  Of Moses the lawgiver; and the obedient

Abraham; patriarch; and David; king;
  Israel with his father and his children;
  And Rachel; for whose sake he did so much;

And others many; and he made them blessed;
  And thou must know; that earlier than these
  Never were any human spirits saved。〃

We ceased not to advance because he spake;
  But still were passing onward through the forest;
  The forest; say I; of thick…crowded ghosts。

Not very far as yet our way had gone
  This side the summit; when I saw a fire
  That overcame a hemisphere of darkness。

We were a little distant from it still;
  But not so far that I in part discerned not
  That honourable people held that place。

〃O thou who honourest every art and science;
  Who may these be; which such great honour have;
  That from the fashion of the rest it parts them?〃

And he to me: 〃The honourable name;
  That sounds of them above there in thy life;
  Wins grace in Heaven; that so advances them。〃

In the mean time a voice was heard by me:
  〃All honour be to the pre…eminent Poet;
  His shade returns again; that was departed。〃

After the voice had ceased and quiet was;
  Four mighty shades I saw approaching us;
  Semblance had they nor sorrowful nor glad。

To say to me began my gracious Master:
  〃Him with that falchion in his hand behold;
  Who comes before the three; even as their lord。

That one is Homer; Poet sovereign;
  He who comes next is Horace; the satirist;
  The third is Ovid; and the last is Lucan。

Because to each of these with me applies
  The name that solitary voice proclaimed;
  They do me honour; and in that do well。〃

Thus I beheld assemble the fair school
  Of that lord of the song pre…eminent;
  Who o'er the others like an eagle soars。

When they together had discoursed somewhat;
  They turned to me with signs of salutation;
  And on beholding this; my Master smiled;

And more of honour still; much more; they did me;
  In that they made me one of their own band;
  So that the sixth was I; 'mid so much wit。

Thus we went on as far as to the light;
  Things saying 'tis becoming to keep silent;
  As was the saying of them where I was。

We came unto a noble castle's foot;
  Seven times encompassed with lofty walls;
  Defended round by a fair rivulet;

This we passed over even as firm ground;
  Through portals seven I entered with these Sages;
  We came into a meadow of fresh verdure。

People were there with solemn eyes and slow;
  Of great authority in their countenance;
  They spake but seldom; and with gentle voices。

Thus we withdrew ourselves upon one side
  Into an opening luminous and lofty;
  So that they all of them were visible。

There opposite; upon the green enamel;
  Were pointed out to me the mighty spirits;
  Whom to have seen I feel myself exalted。

I saw Electra with companions many;
  'Mongst whom I knew both Hector and Aeneas;
  Caesar in armour with gerfalcon eyes;

I saw Camilla and Penthesilea
  On the other side; and saw the King Latinus;
  Who with Lavinia his daughter sat;

I saw that Brutus who drove Tarquin forth;
  Lucretia; Julia; Marcia; and Cornelia;
  And saw alone; apart; the Saladin。

When I had lifted up my brows a little;
  The Master I beheld of those who know;
  Sit with his philosophic family。

All gaze upon him; and all do him honour。
  There I beheld both Socrates and Plato;
  Who nearer him before the others stand;

Democritus; who puts the world on chance;
  Diogenes; Anaxagoras; and Thales;
  Zeno; Empedocles; and Heraclitus;

Of qualities I saw the good collector;
  Hight Dioscorides; and Orpheus saw I;
  Tully and Livy; and moral Seneca;

Euclid; geometrician; and Ptolemy;
  Galen; Hippocrates; and Avicenna;
  Averroes; who the great Comment made。

I cannot all of them pourtray in full;
  Because so drives me onward the long theme;
  That many times the word comes short of fact。

The sixfold company in two divides;
  Another way my sapient Guide conducts me
  Forth from the quiet to the air that trembles;

And to a place I come where nothing shines。



Inferno: Canto V


Thus I descended out of the first circle
  Down to the second; that less space begirds;
  And so much greater dole; that goads to wailing。

There standeth Minos horribly; and snarls;
  Examines the transgressions at the entrance;
  Judges; and sends according as he girds him。

I say; that when the spirit evil…born
  Cometh before him; wholly it confesses;
  And this discriminator of transgressions

Seeth what place in Hell is meet for it;
  Girds himself with his tail as many times
  As grades he wishes it should be thrust down。

Always before him many of them stand;
  They go by turns each one unto the judgment;
  They speak; and hear; and then are downward hurled。

〃O thou; that to this dolorous hostelry
  Comest;〃 said Minos to me; when he saw me;
  Leaving the practice of so great an office;

〃Look how thou enterest; and in whom thou trustest;
  Let not the portal's amplitude deceive thee。〃
  And unto him my Guide: 〃Why criest thou too?

Do not impede his journey fate…ordained;
  It is so willed there where is power to do
  That which is willed; and ask no further question。〃

And now begin the dolesome notes to grow
  Audible unto me; now am I come
  There where much lamentation strikes upon me。

I came into a place mute of all light;
  Which bellows as the sea does in a tempest;
  If by opposing winds 't is combated。

The infernal hurricane that never rests
  Hurtles the spirits onward in its rapine;
  Whirling them round; and smiting; it molests them。

When they arrive before the precipice;
  There are the shrieks; the plaints; and the laments;
  There they blaspheme the puissance divine。

I understood that unto such a torment
  The carnal malefactors were condemned;
  Who reason subjugate to appetite。

And as the wings of starlings bear them on
  In the cold season in large band and full;
  So doth that blast the spirits maledict;

It hither; thither; downward; upward; drives them;
  No hope doth comfort them for evermore;
  Not of repose; but even of lesser pain。

And as the cranes go chanting forth their lays;
  Making in air a long line of themselves;
  So saw I coming; uttering lamentations;

Shadows borne onward by the aforesaid stress。
  Whereupon said I: 〃Master; who are those
  People; whom the black air so castigates?〃

〃The first of those; of whom intelligence
  Thou fain wouldst have;〃 then said he unto me;
  〃The empress was of many languages。

To sensual vices she was so abandoned;
  That lustful she made licit in her law;
  To remove the blame to which she had been led。

She is Semiramis; of whom we read
  That she succeeded Ninus; and was his spouse;
  She held the land which now the Sultan rules。

The next is she who killed herself for love;
  And broke faith with the ashes of Sichaeus;
  Then Cleopatra the voluptuous。〃

Helen I saw; for whom so many ruthless
  Seasons revolved; and saw the great Achilles;
  Who at the last hour combated with Love。

Paris I saw; Tristan; and more than a thousand
  Shades did he name and point out with his finger;
  Whom Love had separated from our life。

After that I had listened to my Teacher;
  Naming the dames of eld and cavaliers;
  Pity prevailed; and I was nigh bewildered。

And I began: 〃O Poet; willingly
  Speak would I to those two; who go together;
  And seem upon the wind to be so light。〃

And; he to me: 〃Thou'lt mark; when they shall be
  Nearer to us; and then do thou implore them
  By love which leadeth them; and they will come。〃

Soon as the wind in our direction sways them;
  My voice uplift I: 〃O ye weary souls!
  Come speak to us; if no one interdicts it。〃

As turtle…doves; called onward by desire;
  With open and steady wings to the sweet nest
  Fly through the air by their volition borne;

So came they from the band where Dido is;
  Approaching us athwart the air malign;
  So strong was the affectionate appeal。

〃O living creature gracious and benignant;
  Who visiting goest through the purple air
  Us; who have stained the world incarnadine;

If were the King of the Universe our friend;
  We would pray unto him to give thee peace;
  Since thou hast pity on our woe perverse。

Of what it pleases thee to hear and speak;
  That will we hear; and we will speak to you;
  While silent is the wind; as it is now。

Sitteth the city; wherein I was born;
  Upon the sea…shore where the Po descends
  To rest in peace with all his retinue。

Love; that on gentle heart doth swiftly seize;
  Seized this man for the person beautiful
  That was ta'en from me; and still the mode offends me。

Love; that exempts no one beloved from loving;
  Seized me with pleasure of this man so strongly;
  That; as thou seest; it doth not yet desert me;

Love has conducted us unto one death;
  Caina waiteth him who quenched our life!〃
  These words were borne along from them to us。

As soon as I had heard those souls tormented;
  I bo
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