memoirs of napoleon bonaparte, v9-第3部分

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resist　his　inflexible　will；　was　no　longer　the　same　man　when；　as　a
conqueror；　he　received　the　vanquished　generals　at　Ulm。　　He　condoled　with
them　on　their　misfortune；　and　this；　I　can　affirm；　was　not　the　result　of　a
feeling　of　pride　concealed　beneath　a　feigned　generosity。　　Although　he
profited　by　their　defeat　he　pitied　them　sincerely。　　How　frequently　has　he
observed　to　me；　〃How　much　to　be　pitied　is　a　general　on　the　day　after　a
lost　battle。〃　　He　had　himself　experienced　this　misfortune　when　he　was
obliged　to　raise　the　siege　of　St。　Jean　d'Acre。　　At　that　moment　he　would；
I　believe；　have　strangled　Djezzar；　but　if　Djezzar　had　surrendered；　he
would　have　treated　him　with　the　same　attention　which　he　showed　to　Mack
and　the　other　generals　of　the　garrison　of　Ulm。　　These　generals　were
seventeen　in　number；　and　among　them　was　Prince　Liechtenstein。　　There　were
also　General　Klenau　（Baron　de　Giulay）；　who　had　acquired　considerable
military　reputation　in　the　preceding　wars；　and　General　Fresnel；　who　stood
in　a　more　critical　situation　than　his　companions　in　misfortune；　for　he
was　a　Frenchman；　and　an　emigrant。

Rapp　told　me　that　it　was　really　painful　to　see　these　generals。　　They
bowed　respectfully　to　the　Emperor；　having　Mack　at　their　head。　　They
preserved　a　mournful　silence；　and　Napoleon　was　the　first　to　speak；　which
he　did　in　the　following　terms：　〃Gentlemen；　I　feel　sorry　that　such　brave
men　as　you　are　should　be　the　victims　of　the　follies　of　a　Cabinet　which
cherishes　insane　projects；　and　which　does　not　hesitate　to　commit　the
dignity　of　the　Austrian　nation　by　trafficking　with　the　services　of　its
generals。　　Your　names　are　known　to　methey　are　honourably　known　wherever
you　have　fought。　　Examine　the　conduct　of　those　who　have　committed　you。
What　could　be　more　iniquitous　than　to　attack　me　without　a　declaration　of
war？　　Is　it　not　criminal　to　bring　foreign　invasion　upon　a　country？　　Is　it
not　betraying　Europe　to　introduce　Asiatic　barbarities　into　her　disputes？
If　good　policy　had　been　followed　the　Aulic　Council；　instead　of　attacking
me；　would　have　sought　my　alliance　in　order　to　drive　back　the　Russians　to
the　north。　　The　alliance　which　your　Cabinet　has　formed　will　appear
monstrous　in　history。　　It　is　the　alliance　of　dogs；　shepherds；　and　wolves
against　sheepsuch　a　scheme　could　never　have　been　planned　in　the　mind　of
a　statesman。　　It　is　fortunate　for　you　that　I　have　not　been　defeated　in
the　unjust　struggle　to　which　I　have　been　provoked；　if　I　had；　the　Cabinet
of　Vienna　would　have　soon　perceived　its　error；　for　which；　perhaps；　it
will　yet　one　day　pay　dearly。〃

What　a　change　fifteen　days　of　success；　crowned　by　the　capture　of　Ulm；　had
made　in　affairs！　　At　Hamburg　I　knew　through　my　agents　to　what　a　degree　of
folly　the　hopes　of　Napoleon's　enemies　had　risen　before　he　began　the
campaign。　　The　security　of　the　Cabinet　of　Vienna　was　really　inexplicable；
not　only　did　they　not　dream　of　the　series　of　victories　which　made
Napoleon　master　of　all　the　Austrian　monarchy；　but　the　assistants　of　Drake
and　all　the　intriguers　of　that　sort　treated　France　already　as　a　conquered
country；　and　disposed　of　some　of　our　provinces。　　In　the　excess　of　their
folly；　to　only　give　one　instance；　they　promised　the　town　of　Lyons　to　the
King　of　Sardinia；　to　recompense　him　for　the　temporary　occupation　of
Piedmont。

　　　　　＇In　the　treaties　and　declarations　（see　Martens　and　Thiers；　tome　v。
　　　　　p。　355）　there　is　rather　a　tendency　to　sell　the　skin　of　the　bear
　　　　　before　killing　him。＇

While　Napoleon　flattered　his　prisoners　at　the　expense　of　their　Government
he　wished　to　express　satisfaction　at　the　conduct　of　his　own　army；　and
with　this　view　he　published　a　remarkable　proclamation；　which　in　some
measure　presented　an　abstract　of　all　that　had　taken　place　since　the
opening　of　the　campaign。

This　proclamation　was　as　follows：

　　　　　SOLDIERS　OF　THE　GRAND　ARMYIn　a　fortnight　we　have　finished　an
　　　　　entire　campaign。　　What　we　proposed　to　do　has　been　done。　　We　have
　　　　　driven　the　Austrian　troops　from　Bavaria；　and　restored　our　ally　to
　　　　　the　sovereignty　of　his　dominions。

　　　　　That　army；　which；　with　equal　presumption　and　imprudence；　marched
　　　　　upon　our　frontiers；　is　annihilated。

　　　　　But　what　does　this　signify　to　England？　　She　has　gained　her　object。
　　　　　We　are　no　longer　at　Boulogne；　and　her　subsidy　will　be　neither　more
　　　　　nor　less。

　　　　　Of　a　hundred　thousand　men　who　composed　that　army；　sixty　thousand　are
　　　　　prisoners。　　They　will　replace　our　conscripts　in　the　labours　of
　　　　　agriculture。

　　　　　Two　hundred　pieces　of　cannon；　the　whole　park　of　artillery；　ninety
　　　　　flags；　and　all　their　generals　are　in　our　power。　　Fifteen　thousand
　　　　　men　only　have　escaped。

　　　　　Soldiers！　　I　announced　to　you　the　result　of　a　great　battle；　but；
　　　　　thanks　to　the　ill…devised　schemes　of　the　enemy；　I　was　enabled　to
　　　　　secure　the　wished…for　result　without　incurring　any　danger；　and；　what
　　　　　is　unexampled　in　the　history　of　nations；　that　result　has　been　gained
　　　　　at　the　sacrifice　of　scarcely　fifteen　hundred　men　killed　and　wounded。

　　　　　Soldiers！　this　success　is　due　to　your　unlimited　confidence　in　your
　　　　　Emperor；　to　your　patience　in　enduring　fatigues　and　privations　of
　　　　　every　kind；　and　to　your　singular　courage　and　intrepidity。

　　　　　But　we　will　not　stop　here。　　You　are　impatient　to　commence　another
　　　　　campaign！

　　　　　The　Russian　army；　which　English　gold　has　brought　from　the
　　　　　extremities　of　the　universe；　shall　experience　the　same　fate　as　that
　　　　　which　we　have　just　defeated。

　　　　　In　the　conflict　in　which　we　are　about　to　engage　the　honour　of　the
　　　　　French　infantry　is　especially　concerned。　　We　shall　now　see　another
　　　　　decision　of　the　question　which　has　already　been　determined　in
　　　　　Switzerland　and　Holland；　namely；　whether　the　French　infantry　is　the
　　　　　first　or　the　second　in　Europe。

　　　　　Among　the　Russians　there　are　no　generals　in　contending　against　whom
　　　　　I　can　acquire　any　glory。　　All　I　wish　is　to　obtain　the　victory　with
　　　　　the　least　possible　bloodshed。　　My　soldiers　are；　my　children。


This　proclamation　always　appeared　to　me　a　masterpiece　of　military
eloquence。　　While　he　lavished　praises　on　his　troops；　he　excited　their
emulation　by　hinting　that　the　Russians　were　capable　of　disputing　with
them　the　first　rank　among　the　infantry　of　Europe；　and　he　concluded　his
address　by　calling　them　his　children。

The　second　campaign；　to　which　Napoleon　alleged　they　so　eagerly　looked
forward；　speedily　ensued；　and　hostilities　were　carried　on　with　a　degree
of　vigour　which　fired　the　enthusiasm　of　the　army。　　Heaven　knows　what
accounts　were　circulated　of　the　Russians；　who；　as　Bonaparte　solemnly
stated　in　his　proclamation；　had　come　from　the　extremity　of　the　world。
They　were　represented　as　half…naked　savages；　pillaging；　destroying　and
burning　wherever　they　went。　　It　was　even　asserted　that　they　were
cannibals；　and　had　been　seen　to　eat　children。　　In　short；　at　that　period
was　introduced　the　denomination　of　northern　barbarians　which　has　since
been　so　generally　applied　to　the　Russians。　　Two　days　after　the
capitulation　of　Ulm　Murat　obtained　the　capitulation　of　Trochtelfingen
from　General　Yarneck；　and　made　10；000　prisoners；　so　that；　without
counting　killed　and　wounded；　the　Austrian　army　had　sustained　a　diminution
of　50；000　men　after　a　campaign　of　twenty　days。　　On　the　27th　of　October
the　French　army　crossed　the　Inn；　and　thus　penetrated　into　the　Austrian
territory。　　Salzburg　and　Brannan　were　immediately　taken。　　The　army　of
Italy；　under　the　command　of　Massena；　was　also　obtaining　great　advantages。
On　the　30th　of　October；　that　is　to　say；　the　very　day　on　which　the　Grand
Army　took　the　above…mentioned　fortresses；　the　army　of　Italy；　having
crossed　the　Adige；　fought　a　sanguinary　battle　at　Caldiero；　and　took　5000
Austrian　prisoners。

In　the　extraordinary　campaign；　which　has　been　distinguished　by　the　name
of　〃the　Campaign　of　Austerlitz；〃　the　exploits　of　our　troops　succeeded
each　other　with　the　rapidity　of　thought。　　I　confess　I　was　equally
astonished　and　delighted　when　I　received　a　note　from　Duroc；　sent　by　an
extraordinary　courier；　and　commencing　laconically　with　the　words；　〃We　are
in　Vienna；　the　Emperor　is　well。〃

Duroc's　letter　was　dated　the　13th　November；　and　the　words；　〃We　are　in
Vienna；〃　seemed　to　me　the　result　of　a　dream。　　The　capital　of　Austria；
which　from　time　immemorial　had　not　been　occupied　by　foreignersthe　city
which　Sobieski　had　saved　from　Ottoman　violence；　had　become　the　prey　of
the　Imperial　eagle　of　France；　which；　after　a　lapse　of　three　centuries；
avenged　the　humiliations　formerly　imposed　upon　Francis　I。　by　the　'Aquila
Grifagna'　of　Charles　V。　　Duroc　had　left　the　Emperor　before　the　camp　of
Boulogne　was　raised；　his　mission　to　Berlin　being　terminated；　he　rejoined
the　Emperor　at　Lintz。

　　　　　＇As　soon　as　Bonaparte　became　Emperor　he　constituted　himself　the
　　　　　avenger　of　all　the　insults　given　to　the　sovereigns；　whom　he　styled
　　　　　his　predecessors。　　All　that　related　to　the　honour　of　France　was
　　　　　sacred　to　him。　　Thus　he　removed　the　column　of　Rosbach　from　the
　　　　　Prussian　territory。Bourrienne。＇

Before　I　noticed　the　singular　mission　of　M。　Haugwitz　to　the　Emperor
Napoleon；　and　the　result　of　that　mission；　which　circumstances　rendered
diametrically　the　reverse　of　its　object；　I　will　relate　what　came　to　my
knowledge　respecting　some　other　negotiations　on　the　part　of　Austria；　the
evident　intent　of　which　was　to　retard　Napoleon's　progress；　and　thereby　to
dupe　him。　　M。　de　Giulay；　one　of　the　generals　included　in　the　capitulation
of　Ulm；　had　returned　home　to　acquaint　his　sovereign　with　the　disastrous
event。　　He　did　not　conceal；　either　from　the　Emperor　Francis　or　the
Cabinet　of　Vienna；　the　destruction　of　the　Austrian　army；　and　the
impossibility　of　arresting　the　rapid　advance　of　the　French。　　M。　de　Giulay
was　sent　with　a　flag　of　truce　to　the　headquarters　of　Napoleon；　to　assure
him　of　the　pacific　intentions　of　the　Emperor　of　Austria；　and　to　solicit
an　armistice。　　The　snare　was　too　clumsy　not　to　be　immediately　discovered
by　so　crafty　a　man　as　Napoleon。

　　　　　＇Metternich　（tome　ii。　　p。　　346；　compare　French　edition；　tome　ii。
　　　　　p。　　287）　says；　〃Let　us　hold　always　the　sword　in　one　hand　and　the
　　　　　olive　branc