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the life of flavius josephus-第12部分
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the Romans。 But as for thy country; O Justus: situated upon the
lake of Gennesareth; and distance from Hippos thirty furlongs;
from Gadara sixty; and from Scythopolis; which was under the
king's jurisdiction; a hundred and twenty; when there was no
Jewish city near; it might easily have preserved its fidelity 'to
the Romans;' if it had so pleased them to do; for the city and
its people had plenty of weapons。 But; as thou sayest; I was then
the author 'of their revolts'。 And pray; O Justus! who was that
author afterwards? For thou knowest that I was in the power of
the Romans before Jerusalem was besieged; and before the same
time Jotapata was taker by force; as well as many other
fortresses; and a great many of the Galileans fell in the war。 It
was therefore then a proper time; when you were certainly freed
from any fear on my account; to throw away your weapons; and to
demonstrate to the king and to the Romans; that it was not of
choice; but as forced by necessity; that you fell into the war
against them; but you staid till Vespasian came himself as far as
your walls; with his whole army; and then you did indeed lay
aside your weapons out of fear; and your city had for certain
been taken by force; unless Vespasian had complied with the
king's supplication for you; and had excused your madness。 It was
not I; therefore; who was the author of this; but your own
inclinations to war。 Do not you remember how often I got you
under my power; and yet put none of you to death? Nay; you once
fell into a tumult one against another; and slew one hundred and
eighty…five of your citizens; not on account of your good…will to
the king and to the Romans; but on account of your own
wickedness; and this while I was besieged by the Romans in
Jotapata。 Nay; indeed; were there not reckoned up two thousand of
the people of Tiberias during the siege of Jerusalem; some of
whom were slain; and the rest caught and carried captives? But
thou wilt pretend that thou didst not engage in the war; since
thou didst flee to the king。 Yes; indeed; thou didst flee to him;
but I say it was out of fear of me。 Thou sayest; indeed; that it
is I who am a wicked man。 But then; for what reason was it that
king Agrippa; who procured thee thy life when thou wast condemned
to die by Vespian; and who bestowed so much riches upon thee; did
twice afterward put thee in bonds; and as often obliged thee to
run away from thy country; and; when he had once ordered thee to
be put to death; he granted thee a pardon at the earnest desire
of Bernice? And when (after so many of thy wicked pranks) he made
thee his secretary; he caught thee falsifying his epistles; and
drove thee away from his sight。 But I shall not inquire
accurately into these matters of scandal against thee。 Yet cannot
I but wonder at thy impudence; when thou hast the assurance to
say; that thou hast better related these affairs 'of the war'
than have all the others that have written about them; whilst
thou didst not know what was done in Galilee; for thou wast then
at Berytus with the king; nor didst thou know how much the Romans
suffered at the siege of Jotapata; or what miseries they brought
upon us; nor couldst thou learn by inquiry what I did during that
siege myself; for all those that might afford such information
were quite destroyed in that siege。 But perhaps thou wilt say;
thou hast written of what was done against the people of
Jerusalem exactly。 But how should that be? for neither wast thou
concerned in that war; nor hast thou read the commentaries of
Caesar; of which we have evident proof; because thou hast
contradicted those commentaries of Caesar in thy history。 But if
thou art so hardy as to affirm; that thou hast written that
history better than all the rest; why didst thou not publish thy
history while the emperors Vespasian and Titus; the generals in
that war; as well as king Agrippa and his family; who were men
very well skilled in the learning of the Greeks; were all alive?
for thou hast had it written these twenty years; and then
mightest thou have had the testimony of thy accuracy。 But now
when these men are no longer with us; and thou thinkest thou
canst not be contradicted; thou venturest to publish it。 But then
I was not in like manner afraid of my own writing; but I offered
my books to the emperors themselves; when the facts were almost
under men's eyes; for I was conscious to myself; that I had
observed the truth of the facts; and as I expected to have their
attestation to them; so I was not deceived in such expectation。
Moreover; I immediately presented my history to many other
persons; some of whom were concerned in the war; as was king
Agrippa and some of his kindred。 Now the emperor Titus was so
desirous that the knowledge of these affairs should be taken from
these books alone; that he subscribed his own hand to them; and
ordered that they should be published; and for king Agrippa; he
wrote me sixty…two letters; and attested to the truth of what I
had therein delivered; two of which letters I have here
subjoined; and thou mayst thereby know their contents: … 〃King
Agrippa to Josephus; however; when thou comest to me; I will
inform thee of a great many things which thou dost not know。〃 So
when this history was perfected; Agrippa; neither by way of
flattery; which was not agreeable to him; nor by way of irony; as
thou wilt say; (for he was entirely a stranger to such an evil
disposition of mind;) but he wrote this by way of attestation to
what was true; as all that read histories may do。 And so much
shall be said concerning Justus (24) which I am obliged to add by
way of digression。
66。 Now; when I had settled the affairs of Tiberias; and had
assembled my friends as a sanhedrim; I consulted what I should do
as to John。 Whereupon it appeared to be the opinion of all the
Galileans; that I should arm them all; and march against John;
and punish him as the author of all the disorders that had
happened。 Yet was not I pleased with their determination; as
purposing to compose these troubles without bloodshed。 Upon this
I exhorted them to use the utmost care to learn the names of all
that were under John; which when they had done; and I thereby was
apprized who the men were; I published an edict; wherein I
offered security and my right hand to such of John's party as had
a mind to repent; and I allowed twenty days' time to such as
would take this most advantageous course for themselves。 I also
threatened; that unless they threw down their arms; I would burn
their houses; and expose their goods to public sale。 When the men
heard of this; they were in no small disorder; and deserted John;
and to the number of four thousand threw down their arms; and
came to me。 So that no others staid with John but his own
citizens; and about fifteen hundred strangers that came from the
metropolis of Tyre; and when John saw that he had been outwitted
by my stratagem; he continued afterward in his own country; and
was in great fear of me。
67。 But about this time it was that the people of Sepphoris grew
insolent; and took up arms; out of a confidence they had in the
strength of their walls; and because they saw me engaged in other
affairs also。 So they sent to Cestius Gallus; who was president
of Syria; and desired that he would either come quickly to them;
and take their city under his protection; or send them a
garrison。 Accordingly; Gallus promised them to come; but did not
send word when he would come: and when I had learned so much; I
took the soldiers that were with me; and made an assault upon the
people of Sepphoris; and took the city by force。 The Galileans
took this opportunity; as thinking they had now a proper time for
showing their hatred to them; since they bore ill…will to that
city also。 They then exerted themselves; as if they would destroy
them all utterly; with those that sojourned there also。 So they
ran upon them; and set their houses on fire; as finding them
without inhabitants; for the men; out of fear; ran together to
the citadel。 So the Galileans carried off every thing; and
omitted no kind of desolation which they could bring upon their
countrymen。 When I saw this; I was exceedingly troubled at it;
and commanded them to leave off; and put them in mind that it was
not agreeable to piety to do such things to their countrymen: but
since they neither would hearken to what I exhorted; nor to what
I commanded them to do; (for the hatred they bore to the people
there was too hard for my exhortations to them;) I bade those my
friends; who were most faithful to me; and were about me; to give
on reports; as if the Romans were falling upon the other part of
the city with a great army; and this I did; that; by such a
report being spread abroad; I might restrain the violence of the
Galileans; and preserve the city of Sepphoris。 And at length this
stratagem had its effect; for; upon hearing this report; they
were in fear for themselves; and so they left off plundering and
ran away; and this more especially; because they saw me; their
general; do the same also; for; that I might cause this report to
be believed; I pretended to be in fear as well as they。 Thus were
the inhabitants of Sepphoris unexpectedly preserved by this
contrivance of mine。
68。 Nay; indeed; Tiberias had like to have been plundered by the
Galileans also upon the following occasion: … The chief men of
the senate wrote to the king; and desired that he would come to
them; and take possession of their city。 The king promised to
come; and wrote a letter in answer to theirs; and gave it to one
of his bed…chamber; whose name was Crispus; and who was by birth
a Jew; to carry it to Tiberias。 When the Galileans knew that this
man carried such a letter; they caught him; and brought him to
me; but as soon as the whole multitude heard of it; they were
enraged; and betook themselves to their arms。 So a great many of
them together from all quarters the next day; and came to the
city Asochis; where I then lodged; and made heavy clamors; and
called the city of Tiberias a traitor to them; and a friend to
the king; and desired leave of me to go down and utterly destroy
it; for they bore the like ill…will t
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