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beowulf (贝奥武甫)-第6部分
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hoard; on a punier man; less stout in struggle。 Thyself hast now fulfilled
such deeds; that thy fame shall endure through all the ages。 As ever he did;
well may the Wielder reward thee still!〃 Beowulf spake; bairn of
Ecgtheow: 〃This work of war most willingly we have fought; this fight;
and fearlessly dared force of the foe。 Fain; too; were I hadst thou but seen
himself; what time the fiend in his trappings tottered to fall! Swiftly; I
thought; in strongest gripe on his bed of death to bind him down; that he in
the hent of this hand of mine should breathe his last: but he broke away。
Him I might not the Maker willed not hinder from flight; and firm
enough hold the life…destroyer: too sturdy was he; the ruthless; in running!
For rescue; however; he left behind him his hand in pledge; arm and
shoulder; nor aught of help could the cursed one thus procure at all。 None
the longer liveth he; loathsome fiend; sunk in his sins; but sorrow holds
him tightly grasped in gripe of anguish; in baleful bonds; where bide he
must; evil outlaw; such awful doom as the Mighty Maker shall mete him
out。〃
More silent seemed the son of Ecglaf'1' in boastful speech of his
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battle…deeds; since athelings all; through the earl's great prowess; beheld
that hand; on the high roof gazing; foeman's fingers; the forepart of each
of the sturdy nails to steel was likest; heathen's 〃hand…spear;〃 hostile
warrior's claw uncanny。 'Twas clear; they said; that him no blade of the
brave could touch; how keen soever; or cut away that battle…hand bloody
from baneful foe。
'1' Unferth; Beowulf's sometime opponent in the flyting。
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XV
THERE was hurry and hest in Heorot now for hands to bedeck it; and
dense was the throng of men and women the wine…hall to cleanse; the
guest…room to garnish。 Gold…gay shone the hangings that were wove on
the wall; and wonders many to delight each mortal that looks upon them。
Though braced within by iron bands; that building bright was broken
sorely;'1' rent were its hinges; the roof alone held safe and sound; when;
seared with crime; the fiendish foe his flight essayed; of life despairing。
No light thing that; the flight for safety; essay it who will! Forced of fate;
he shall find his way to the refuge ready for race of man; for soul…
possessors; and sons of earth; and there his body on bed of death shall rest
after revel。 Arrived was the hour when to hall proceeded Healfdene's son:
the king himself would sit to banquet。 Ne'er heard I of host in haughtier
throng more graciously gathered round giver…of…rings! Bowed then to
bench those bearers…of…glory; fain of the feasting。 Featly received many a
mead…cup the mighty…in…spirit; kinsmen who sat in the sumptuous hall;
Hrothgar and Hrothulf。 Heorot now was filled with friends; the folk of
Scyldings ne'er yet had tried the traitor's deed。 To Beowulf gave the bairn
of Healfdene a gold…wove banner; guerdon of triumph; broidered battle…
flag; breastplate and helmet; and a splendid sword was seen of many borne
to the brave one。 Beowulf took cup in hall:'2' for such costly gifts he
suffered no shame in that soldier throng。 For I heard of few heroes; in
heartier mood; with four such gifts; so fashioned with gold; on the ale…
bench honoring others thus! O'er the roof of the helmet high; a ridge;
wound with wires; kept ward o'er the head; lest the relict…of…files'3' should
fierce invade; sharp in the strife; when that shielded hero should go to
grapple against his foes。 Then the earls'…defence'4' on the floor'5' bade
lead coursers eight; with carven head…gear; adown the hall: one horse was
decked with a saddle all shining and set in jewels; 'twas the battle…seat of
the best of kings; when to play of swords the son of Healfdene was fain to
fare。 Ne'er failed his valor in the crush of combat when corpses fell。 To
Beowulf over them both then gave the refuge…of…Ingwines right and power;
o'er war…steeds and weapons: wished him joy of them。 Manfully thus the
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mighty prince; hoard…guard for heroes; that hard fight repaid with steeds
and treasures contemned by none who is willing to say the sooth aright。
'1' There is no horrible inconsistency here such as the critics strive and
cry about。 In spite of the ruin that Grendel and Beowulf had made within
the hall; the framework and roof held firm; and swift repairs made the
interior habitable。 Tapestries were hung on the walls; and willing hands
prepared the banquet。 '2' From its formal use in other places; this phrase;
to take cup in hall; or 〃on the floor;〃 would seem to mean that Beowulf
stood up to receive his gifts; drink to the donor; and say thanks。 '3'
Kenning for sword。 '4' Hrothgar。 He is also the 〃refuge of the friends of
Ing;〃 below。 Ing belongs to myth。 '5' Horses are frequently led or ridden
into the hall where folk sit at banquet: so in Chaucer's Squire's tale; in the
ballad of King Estmere; and in the romances。
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XVI
AND the lord of earls; to each that came with Beowulf over the briny
ways; an heirloom there at the ale…bench gave; precious gift; and the
price'1' bade pay in gold for him whom Grendel erst murdered; and fain
of them more had killed; had not wisest God their Wyrd averted; and the
man's'2' brave mood。 The Maker then ruled human kind; as here and now。
Therefore is insight always best; and forethought of mind。 How much
awaits him of lief and of loath; who long time here; through days of
warfare this world endures!
Then song and music mingled sounds in the presence of Healfdene's
head…of…armies'3' and harping was heard with the hero…lay as Hrothgar's
singer the hall…joy woke along the mead…seats; making his song of that
sudden raid on the sons of Finn。'4' Healfdene's hero; Hnaef the Scylding;
was fated to fall in the Frisian slaughter。'5' Hildeburh needed not hold in
value her enemies' honor!'6' Innocent both were the loved ones she lost at
the linden…play; bairn and brother; they bowed to fate; stricken by spears;
'twas a sorrowful woman! None doubted why the daughter of Hoc
bewailed her doom when dawning came; and under the sky she saw them
lying; kinsmen murdered; where most she had kenned of the sweets of the
world! By war were swept; too; Finn's own liegemen; and few were left; in
the parleying…place'7' he could ply no longer weapon; nor war could he
wage on Hengest; and rescue his remnant by right of arms from the
prince's thane。 A pact he offered: another dwelling the Danes should have;
hall and high…seat; and half the power should fall to them in Frisian land;
and at the fee…gifts; Folcwald's son day by day the Danes should honor; the
folk of Hengest favor with rings; even as truly; with treasure and jewels;
with fretted gold; as his Frisian kin he meant to honor in ale…hall there。
Pact of peace they plighted further on both sides firmly。 Finn to Hengest
with oath; upon honor; openly promised that woful remnant; with wise…
men's aid; nobly to govern; so none of the guests by word or work should
warp the treaty;'8' or with malice of mind bemoan themselves as forced to
follow their fee…giver's slayer; lordless men; as their lot ordained。 Should
Frisian; moreover; with foeman's taunt; that murderous hatred to mind
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recall; then edge of the sword must seal his doom。
Oaths were given; and ancient gold heaped from hoard。 The hardy
Scylding; battle…thane best;'9' on his balefire lay。 All on the pyre were
plain to see the gory sark; the gilded swine…crest; boar of hard iron; and
athelings many slain by the sword: at the slaughter they fell。 It was
Hildeburh's hest; at Hnaef's own pyre the bairn of her body on brands to
lay; his bones to burn; on the balefire placed; at his uncle's side。 In
sorrowful dirges bewept them the woman: great wailing ascended。 Then
wound up to welkin the wildest of death…fires; roared o'er the hillock:'10'
heads all were melted; gashes burst; and blood gushed out from bites'11'
of the body。 Balefire devoured; greediest spirit; those spared not by war
out of either folk: their flower was gone。
'1' Man…price; wergild。 '2' Beowulf's。 '3' Hrothgar。 '4' There is no
need to assume a gap in the Ms。 As before about Sigemund and Heremod;
so now; though at greater length; about Finn and his feud; a lay i
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