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the sportsman-第7部分

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other。 If not; his business is to follow up the pack full speed; and not give in; but on through thick and through thin; for toil is sweet。 And if again they chance upon her in the chevy;'31' his cheery shout will be heard once more; 〃Right so! right so; hounds! forward on; good hounds!〃

'31' {apantosi diokousai auton}; al。 〃come across the huntsman again。〃

But if the pack have got too long a start of him; and he cannot overtake them; however eagerly he follows up the huntperhaps he has altogether missed the chase; or even if they are ranging close and giving tongue and sticking to the scent; he cannot see themstill as he tears along he can interrogate the passer…by: 〃Hilloa there; have you seen my hounds?〃 he shouts; and having at length ascertained their whereabouts; if they are on the line; he will post himself close by; and cheer them on; repeating turn and turn about the name of every hound; and pitching the tone of his voice sharp or deep; soft or loud; and besides all other familiar calls; if the chase be on a hillside;'32' he can keep up their spirits with a constant 〃Well done; good hounds! well done; good hounds! good hounds!〃 Or if any are at fault; having overshot the line; he will call to them; 〃Back; hounds! back; will you! try back!〃

'32' Or; 〃if the chase sweeps over a mountain…side。〃

As soon as the hounds have got back to (where they missed) the line;'33' he must cast them round; making many a circle to and fro; and where the line fails; he should plant a stake'34' as a sign…post to guide the eye; and so cast round the dogs from that point;'35' till they have found the right scent; with coaxing and encouragement。 As soon as the line of scent is clear;'36' off go the dogs; throwing themselves on to it; springing from side to side; swarming together; conjecturing; and giving signs to one another; and taking bearings'37' they will not mistakehelter…skelter off they go in pursuit。 Once they dart off along the line of scent thus hotly; the huntsman should keep up but without hurrying; or out of zeal they will overshoot the line。 As soon as they are once more in close neighbourhood of the hare; and once again have given their master clear indications of the fact; then let him give what heed he can; she does not move off farther in sheer terror of the hounds。

'33' {prosstosi}; al。 〃whenever they check。〃

'34' Al。 (1) 〃take a stake or one of the poles as a sign…post;〃 (2)     〃draw a line on the ground。〃

'35' {suneirein}。 Zeune cf。 〃Cyrop。〃 VII。 v。 6; 〃draw the dogs along     by the nets。〃 Blane。

'36' 〃As the scent grows warmer;〃 the translator in 〃Macmillan's Mag。〃     above referred to。 Aristot。 〃H。 A。〃 ix。 44。 4。

'37' Lit。 〃fixing landmarks for themselves。〃

They meanwhile; with sterns wagging; tumbling and leaping over one another's backs;'38' at intervals loudly giving tongue; and lifting up their heads and peering into their master's face; as much as to say; 〃There is no mistake about it this time;〃'39' will presently of themselves start the hare and be after her full cry; with bark and clamour。'40' Thereupon; whether the hare falls into the toils of the funnel net or rushes past outside or inside; whatever incident betide; the net…keeper must with a shout proclaim the fact。 Should the hare be caught; the huntsman has only to begin looking for another; if not; he must follow up the chase once more with like encouragement。

'38' Or; 〃whisking their tails and frisking wildly; and jostling     against one another; and leaping over one another at a great     rate。〃 Al。 〃over one obstacle; and then another。〃

'39' Or; 〃this is the true line at last。〃

'40' Al。 〃with a crash of tongues。〃

When at length the hounds show symptoms of fatigue; and it is already late in the day; the time has come for the huntsman to look for his hare that lies dead…beat; nor must he wittingly leave any patch of green or clod of earth untested。'41' Backwards and forwards he must try and try again the ground;'42' to be sure that nothing has been overlooked。 The fact is; the little creature lies in a small compass; and from fatigue and fear will not get up。 As he leads the hounds on he will cheer and encourage them; addressing with many a soft term the docile creature; the self…willed; stubborn brute more rarely; and to a moderate extent the hound of average capacity; till he either succeeds in running down or driving into the toils some victim。'43' After which he will pick up his nets; both small and large alike; giving every hound a rub down; and return home from the hunting…field; taking care; if it should chance to be a summer's noon; to halt a bit; so that the feet of his hounds may not be blistered on the road。

'41' Lit。 〃anything which earth puts forth or bears upon her bosom。〃

'42' Or; 〃Many and many a cast back must he make。〃

'43' The famous stanzas in 〃Venus and Adonis〃 may fitly close this     chapter。

And when thou hast on foot the purblind hare; Mark the poor wretch; to overshoot his troubles How he outruns the wind and with what care He cranks and crosses with a thousand doubles:    The many musets through the which he goes    Are like a labyrinth to amaze his foes。

Sometimes he runs among a flock of sheep; To make the cunning hounds mistake their smell; And sometimes where earth…delving conies keep; To stop the loud pursuers in their yell;    And sometimes sorteth with a herd of deer:    Danger deviseth shifts; wit waits on fear:

For there his smell with others being mingled; The hot scent…snuffing hounds are driven to doubt; Ceasing their clamorous cry till they have singled With much ado the cold fault cleanly out:    Then do they spend their mouths: Echo replies;    As if another chase were in the skies。

By this; poor Wat; far off upon a hill; Stands on his hinder legs with listening ear; To hearken if his foes pursue him still: Anon their loud alarums he doth hear;    And now his grief may be compared well    To one sore sick that hears the passing…bell。

Then shalt thou see the dew…bedabbled wretch Turn; and return; indenting with the way; Each envious brier his weary legs doth scratch; Each shadow makes him stop; each murmur stay:    For misery is trodden on by many;    And being low never relieved by any。



VII

For breeding purposes choose winter; and release the bitches from hard work;'1' which will enable them to profit by repose and to produce a fine progeny towards spring; since that season is the best to promote the growth of the young dogs。 The bitch is in heat for fourteen days;'2' and the moment at which to put her to the male; with a view to rapid and successful impregnation; is when the heat is passing off。 Choose a good dog for the purpose。 When the bitch is ready to whelp she should not be taken out hunting continuously; but at intervals sufficient to avoid a miscarriage through her over…love of toil。 The period of gestation lasts for sixty days。 When littered the puppies should be left to ther own dam; and not placed under another bitch; foster…nursing does not promote growth in the same way; whilst nothing is so good for them as their own mother's milk and her breath;'3' and the tenderness of her caresses。'4'

'1' Or; 〃Winter is the time at which to pair dogs for breeding; the     bitches to be released from hard work; so that with the repose so     secured they may produce a fine litter in spring。〃

'2' Lit。 〃this necessity holds。〃 Cf。 Aristot。 〃H。 A。〃 vi。 20; Arrian;     xxvii。; xxxi。 3。

'3' Cf。 Eur。 〃Tro。〃 753; {o khrotos edu pneuma}。

'4' Cf。 Arrian; xxx。 2; Pollux; v。 50; Columella; vii。 12; 12; ap。     Schneid。

Presently; when the puppies are strong enough to roam about; they should be given milk'5' for a whole year; along with what will form their staple diet in the future; but nothing else。 A heavy diet will distort the legs of a young dog; engender disease in other limbs; and the internal mechanism will get out of order。'6'

'5' See Arrian; xxxi。; Stonehenge; p。 264。

'6' Or; 〃the internal organs get wrong〃 ({adika})。 Cf。 〃Memorabilia;〃     IV。 iv。 5。

They should have short names given them; which will be easy to call out。'7' The following may serve as specimens:Psyche; Pluck; Buckler; Spigot; Lance; Lurcher; Watch; Keeper; Brigade; Fencer; Butcher; Blazer; Prowess; Craftsman; Forester; Counsellor; Spoiler; Hurry; Fury; Growler; Riot; Bloomer; Rome; Blossom; Hebe; Hilary; Jolity; Gazer; Eyebright; Much; Force; Trooper; Bustle; Bubbler; Rockdove; Stubborn; Yelp; Killer; Pele…mele; Strongboy; Sky; Sunbeam; Bodkin; Wistful; Gnome; Tracks; Dash。'8'

'7' Cf。 Arrian; xxxi。 2; Oppian; 〃Cyn;〃 i。 443; ap。 Schneid。

'8' The following is Xenophon's list:

{Psukhe} = Soul {Thumos} = Spirit {Porpax} = Hasp of shield {Sturax} = Spike of spear at the butt end {Logkhe} = Lance {Lokhos} = Ambush; or 〃Company〃 {Phroura} = Watch {Phulax} = Guard {Taxis} = Order; Rank; Post; Brigade {Xiphon} = Swordsman {Phonax} = Slaughterer; cf。 〃King Death〃 {Phlegon} = Blazer {'Alke} = Prowess; Victory {Teukhon} = Craftsman {'Uleus} = Woodsman; 〃Dashwood〃 {Medas} = Counsellor {Porthon} = Spoiler; 〃Rob Roy〃 {Sperkhon} = Hastener; 〃Rocket〃 {'Orge} = Fury; Rage {Bremon} = Growler; Roarer {'Ubris} = Hybris; Riot; Insolence {Thallon} = Blooming; 〃Gaudy〃 {'Rome} = Strength; 〃Romeo〃 {'Antheus} = Blossom {'Eba} = Youth {Getheus} = Gladsome {Khara} = Joy {Leusson} = Gazer {Augo} = Daybeam {Polus} = Much {Bia} = Force {Stikhon} = Stepping in rank and file {Spoude} = Much ado {Bruas} = Gusher {Oinas} = (1) Vine; (2) Rockdove。 See Aristot。 〃H。 A。〃 v。 13;        14; i。 3; 10; Ael。 〃N。 A。〃 iv。 58。 = Columba livia =        rockdove; the colour of ripening grapes; al。 {oinas} =        the vine。 {Sterros} = 〃Stiff;〃 〃King Sturdy〃 {Krauge} = Clamour。 Cf。 Plat。 〃Rep。〃 607 B。 {Kainon} = Killer {Turbas} = 〃Topsy…turvy〃 {Sthenon} = Strong man {Aither} = Ether {'Aktis} = Ray of light {Aikhme} = Spear…point {Nors} = Clever (girl) {Gnome} = Maxim {Stibon} = Tracker {'Orme} = Dash。 So Arrian (〃Cyn。〃 viii。 5) named his favourite hound。

    For other names see Herodian; {peri mon。 l} (on monosyllables);     12。 7; 〃Corp。 Inscr。〃 iv。 p。 184; n。 8319; Arrian; v。 6; xix。;     Colum。 vii。 12; 13。 According to Pollux; v。 47; Xenophon had a dog     named {ippokentauros} (cf。 〃Cyrop。〃 IV。
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