song and legend from the middle ages-第21部分

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nce　I　so　fully　answer'd。　He　at　once　Exclaim'd'　up　starting；　〃How！　said'st　thou'　he　HAD？　No　longer　lives　he？　Strikes　not　on　his　eye　The　blessed　daylight？〃　Then；　of　some　delay　I　made　ere　my　reply；　aware；　down　fell　Supine；　nor　after　forth　appear'd　he　more。

＇1＇　It　was　a　common　opinion　that　the　general　judgment　would　be　held　in　the　valley　of　Josaphat；　or　Jehoshaphat。　Joel　iii。；　2。

＇2＇　The　wish…Dante's　wish　was　to　speak　with　the　followers　of　Epicurus；　of　whom　were　Farinata　and　Cavalcante。

＇3＇　A　shadeCavalcante。

＇4＇　Guido；　thy　son　had　in　contemptGuido　the　son　of　Cavalcante　Cavalcanti；　a　Tuscan　poet；　the　friend　of　Dante。　But　being　fonder　of　philosophy　than　of　poetry　was　perhaps　not　an　admirer　of　Virgil。


V。　The　Hypocrites。　　From　the　Inferno。

In　the　seventh　circle；　which　is　divided　into　three　rounds；　or　gironi；　the　violent　are　tormented。　The　eighth　circle　is　divided　into　ten　concentric　fosses；　or　gulfs；　in　each　of　which　some　variety　of　fraudulent　sinners　is　punished。　In　the　sixth　gulf　are　the　hypocrites。

There　in　the　depth　we　saw　a　painted　tribe；　Who　paced　with　tardy　steps　around；　and　wept；　Faint　in　appearance　and　o'ercome　with　toil。　Caps　had　they　on；　with　hoods；　that　fell　low　down　Before　their　eyes；　in　fashion　like　to　those　Worn　by　the　monks　in　Cologne。＇1＇　Their　outside　Was　overlaid　with　gold；　dazzling　to　view；　But　leaden　all　within；　and　of　such　weight；　That　Frederick's　＇2＇　compared　to　these　were　straw。　Oh；　everlasting　wearisome　attire！　We　yet　once　more　with　them　together　turn'd　To　leftward；　on　their　dismal　moan　intent。　But　by　the　weight　opprest；　so　slowly　came　The　fainting　people；　that　our　company　Was　changed；　at　every　movement　of　the　step。　　　I　staid；　and　saw　two　spirits　in　whose　look　Impatient　eagerness　of　mind　was　mark'd　To　overtake　me；　but　the　load　they　bare　And　narrow　path　retarded　their　approach。　　　Soon　as　arrived；　they　with　an　eye　askance　Perused　me；　but　spake　not：　then　turning；　each　To　other　thus　conferring　said：　〃This　one　Seems；　by　the　action　of　his　throat；　alive；　And；　be　they　dead；　what　privilege　allows　They　walk　unmantled　by　the　cumbrous　stole？〃　　　Then　thus　to　me：　〃Tuscan；　who　visitest　The　college　of　the　mourning　hypocrites；　Disdain　not　to　instruct　us　who　thou　art。〃　〃By　Arno's　pleasant　stream；〃　I　thus　replied；　In　the　great　city　I　was　bred　and　grew；　And　wear　the　body　I　have　ever　worn。　But　who　are　ye；　from　whom　such　mighty　grief；　As　now　I　witness；　courseth　down　your　cheeks？　What　torment　breaks　forth　in　this　bitter　woe？〃　〃Our　bonnets　gleaming　bright　with　orange　hue；〃　One　of　them　answer'd'　〃are　so　leaden　gross；　That　with　their　weight　they　make　the　balances　To　crack　beneath　them。　Joyous　friars＇3＇　we　were；　Bologna's　natives；　Catalano　I；　He　Loderingo　named；　and　by　thy　land　Together　taken；　as　men　use　to　take　A　single　and　indifferent　arbiter；　To　reconcile　their　strifes。　How　there　we　sped；　Gardingo's　vicinage　＇4＇　can　best　declare。〃　〃O　friars！〃　I　began；　〃your　miseries〃　But　there　brake　off；　for　one　had　caught　mine　eye；　Fix'd　to　a　cross　with　three　stakes　on　the　ground：　He；　when　he　saw　me；　writhed　himself；　throughout　Distorted；　ruffling　with　deep　sighs　his　beard。　And　Catalano；　who　thereof　was　'ware；　Thus　spake：　〃That　pierced　spirit；＇5＇　whom　intent　Thou　view'st；　was　he　who　gave　the　Pharisees　Counsel；　that　it　were　fitting　for　one　man　To　suffer　for　the　people。　He　doth　lie　Transverse；　nor　any　passes；　but　him　first　Behoves　make　feeling　trial　how　each　weighs。　In　straits　like　this　along　the　foss　are　placed　The　father　of　his　consort；＇6＇　and　the　rest　Partakers　in　that　council；　seed　of　ill　And　sorrow　to　the　Jews。〃

＇1＇　The　monks　in　Cologne。　These　monks　wore　their　cowls　unusually　large。

＇2＇　Frederick's。　Frederick　II。　punished　those　guilty　of　high　treason　by　wrapping　them　up　in　lead；　and　casting　them　into　a　furnace。

＇3＇　Joyous　friars。　An　order　of　knights　（Frail　Godenti）　on　two　of　whom　the　Ghibelline　party　at　one　time　conferred　the　chief　power　of　Florence。　One　was　Catalano　de'　Malavolti；　the　other　Loderingo　di　Liandolo。　Their　administration　was　unjust。

＇4＇　Gardingo's　vicinage。　That　part　of　the　city　inhabited　by　the　Ghibelline　family　of　the　Uberti；　and　destroyed；　under　the　iniquitous　administration　of　Catalano　and　Loderingo。

＇5＇　That　pierced　spirit。　Caiaphas。

＇6＇　The　father　of　his　consort。　Annas。


When　the　poets　reach　the　ninth　and　last　circle　they　see　the　souls　of　traitors　lying　in　a　frozen　lake　and　in　the　midst　Lucifer；　the　fallen　archangel；　in　the　very　center　of　the　earth。　They　slide　down　his　icy　sides；　and　begin　to　ascend　to　the　earth's　surface　through　a　cavern　〃and　thence　come　forth　to　see　the　stars　again。〃

The　second　part　of　the　Divine　Comedy　is　the　vision　of　Purgatory。　When　the　solid　earth　retired　before　the　falling　Lucifer；　making　the　hollow　cone　of　hell；　it　was　pushed　out　on　the　other　side　of　the　globe；　forming　the　mountain　of　Purgatory。　This　is　also　divided　into　nine　circles。　In　the　first　two　are　the　souls　of　those　who　delayed　repentance　until　death。　In　the　other　seven；　the　seven　deadly　sins　are　purged　away。　On　the　summit　is　the　earthly　paradise。


I。　The　Celestial　Pilot。From　the　Pargatorio。

The　mountain　of　Purgatory　is　situated　upon　an　island。　While　Virgil　and　Dante　are　standing　looking　across　the　water；　they　behold　a　boat　laden　with　spirits　for　Purgatory　under　the　guidance　of　an　angel。

　　Meanwhile　we　linger'd　by　the　water's　brink；　Like　men'　who'　musing　on　their　road；　in　thought　Journey；　while　motionless　the　body　rests。　When　lo！　as；　near　upon　the　hour　of　dawn；　Through　the　thick　vapours　Mars　with　fiery　beam　Glares　down　in　west；　over　the　ocean　floor；　So　seem'd；　what　once　again　I　hope　to　view；　A　light；　so　swiftly　coming　through　the　sea；　No　winged　course　night　equal　its　career。　From　which　when　for　a　space　I　had　withdrawn　Mine　eyes；　to　make　inquiry　of　my　guide；　Again　I　look'd；　and　saw　it　grown　in　size　And　brightness：　then　on　either　side　appear'd　Something　but　what　I　knew　not；　of　bright　hue；　And　by　degrees　from　underneath　it　came　Another。　My　preceptor　silent　yet　Stood；　while　the　brightness；　that　we　first　discern'd；　Open'd　the　form　of　wings：　then　when　he　knew　The　pilot；　cried　aloud；　〃Down；　down；　bend　low　Thy　knees；　behold　God's　angel：　fold　thy　hands：　Now　shalt　thou　see　true　ministers　indeed。　Lo！　how　all　human　means　he　sets　at　nought；　So　that　nor　oar　he　needs；　nor　other　sail　Except　his　wings；　between　such　distant　shores。　Lo！　how　straight　up　to　heaven　he　holds　them　rear'd；　Winnowing　the　air　with　those　eternal　plumes；　That　not　like　mortal　hairs　fall　off　or　change。〃　　　As　more　and　more　toward　us　came；　more　bright　Appear'd　the　bird　of　God；　nor　could　the　eye　Endure　his　splendour　near：　I　mine　bent　down。　He　drove　ashore　in　a　small　bark　so　swift　And　light；　that　in　its　course　no　wave　it　drank。　The　heavenly　steersman　at　the　prow　was　seen；　Visibly　written　Blessed　in　his　looks。　Within；　a　hundred　spirits　and　more　there　sat。　　　〃In　Exitu　＇1＇　Israel　de　Egypto；〃　All　with　one　voice　together　sang；　with　what　In　the　remainder　of　that　hymn　is　writ。　Then　soon　as　with　the　sign　of　holy　cross　He　bless'd　them；　they　at　once　leap'd　out　on　land：　He；　swiftly　as　he　came；　return'd。

＇1＇　In　Exitu　Israel　de　EgyptoWhen　Israel　came　out　of　Egypt。Ps　cxiv。


II。　The　Meeting　with　Sordello。From　the　Purgatorio。

In　the　second　circle　of　the　mountain　of　Purgatory；　Virgil　and　Dante　encounter　the　spirit　of　Sordello；＇1＇　detained　among　those　who　delayed　repentance　until　death。

＇1＇　Sordello。　A　Provencal　soldier　and　poet；　whose　life　is　wrapt　in　romantic　mystery。　See　Browning's　poem　〃Sardello〃。


　　〃But　lo！　a　spirit　there　Stands　solitary'　and　toward　us　looks：　It　will　instruct　us　in　the　speediest　way。〃　　　We　soon　approach'd　it。　　　　　　When　my　courteous　guide　began；　〃Mantua；〃　the　shadow；　in　itself　absorb'd；　Rose　towards　us　from　the　place　in　which　it　stood；　And　cried；　〃Mantuan！　I　am　thy　countryman；　Sordello。〃　Each　the　other　then　embraced。　。　。　。　。　。　。　。　。　。　After　their　courteous　greetings　joyfully　Seven　times　exchanged；　Sordello　backward　drew　Exclaiming；　〃Who　are　ye？〃〃Before　this　mount　By　spirits　worthy　of　ascent　to　God　Was　sought；　my　bones　had　by　Octavius　care　Been　buried。　I　am　Virgil；　for　no　sin　Deprived　of　heaven；　except　for　lack　of　faith。〃　So　answer'd　him　in　few　my　gentle　guide。　。　。　。　。　。　。　。　。　。　。　。　〃Glory　of　Latium！〃　he　exclaim'd；　〃In　whom　our　tongue　its　utmost　power　display'd；　Boast　of　my　honour'd　birth…place　I　what　desert　Of　mine；　what　favour；　rather；　undeserved；　Shows　thee　to　me？　If　I　to　hear　that　voice　Am　worthy；　say　if　from　below　thou　comest；　And　from　what　cloister's　pale。〃〃Through　every　orb　Of　that　sad　region；〃　he　replied；　〃thus　far　Am　I　arrived；　by　heavenly　influence　led：　And　with　such　aid　I　come。　Not　for　my　doing；　But　for　not　doing；　have　I　lost　the　sight　Of　that　high　Sun；　whom　thou　desirest；　and　who　By　me　too　late　was　known。　There　is　a　place＇1＇　There　underneath；　not　made　by　torments　sad；　But　by　dun　shades　alone；　where　mourning's　voice　Sounds　not　of　anguish　sharp；　but　breathes　in　sighs。　There　I　with　little　innocents　abide；　Who　by　death's　fangs　were　bitten；　ere　exempt　From　human　taint。　There　I　with　those　abide；　Who　the　three　holy　virtues　put　not　on；　But　understood　the　rest；　and　without　blame　Follow'd　them　all。　But　if　thou　know'st　and　canst；　Direct　us　how　we　soonest　may　arrive；　Where　Purgatory　its　true　beginning　takes。〃　　　He　answer'd　thus：　〃We　have　no　certain　place　Assign'd　us：　upwards　I　may　go；　or　round。　Far　as　I　can；　I　join　thee　for　thy　guide。　But　thou　beholdest　now　how　day　declines；　And　upwards　to　proceed　by　night；　our　power　Excels：　therefore　it　may　be　well　to　choose　A　place　of　pleasant　sojourn。　To　the　right　Some　spirits　sit　apart　retired。　If　thou　Consentest；　I　to　these　will　lead　thy　steps：　And　thou　wilt　know　them；　not　without　delight。〃

＇1＇　A　place　there　underneath。　Limbo。　See　first　selection　from　the　Divine　Comedy。


III。　The　Angel　of　the　Gate。From　the　Purgatorio。

The　poets　spend　the　night　in　this　valley　with　Sordello　and　other　spirits。　In　the　morning　they　ascend　to　the　gates　of　the　real　Purgatory。　These　are　kept　by　an　angel　deputed　by　St。　Peter。

Ashes；　or　earth　taken　dry　out　of　the　ground；　Were　of　one　colour　with　the　robe　he　wore。　From　underneath　that　vestment　forth　he　drew　Two　keys；　of　metal　twain：　the　one　was　gold；　Its　fellow　silver。　With　the　pallid　first；　And　next　the　burnish'd；　he　so　ply'd　the　gate；　As　to　content　me　well。　〃W