ÓÑÇéÌáʾ£ºÈç¹û±¾ÍøÒ³´ò¿ªÌ«Âý»òÏÔʾ²»ÍêÕû£¬Çë³¢ÊÔÊó±êÓÒ¼ü¡°Ë¢Ð¡±±¾ÍøÒ³£¡
ºÏ×âС˵Íø ·µ»Ø±¾ÊéĿ¼ ¼ÓÈëÊéÇ© ÎÒµÄÊé¼Ü ÎÒµÄÊéÇ© TXTÈ«±¾ÏÂÔØ ¡ºÊղص½ÎÒµÄä¯ÀÀÆ÷¡»

john jacob astor(Ô¼º²¡¤Ô¼²®¡¤°Â˹Ëþ)-µÚ3²¿·Ö

¿ì½Ý²Ù×÷: °´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·­Ò³ °´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ °´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿! Èç¹û±¾ÊéûÓÐÔĶÁÍ꣬ÏëÏ´μÌÐø½Ó×ÅÔĶÁ£¬¿ÉʹÓÃÉÏ·½ "Êղص½ÎÒµÄä¯ÀÀÆ÷" ¹¦ÄÜ ºÍ "¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©" ¹¦ÄÜ£¡



combination¡¡that¡¡was¡¡quite¡¡as¡¡exclusive¡¡then¡¡as¡¡now¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡This¡¡marriage¡¡was¡¡a¡¡business¡¡partnership¡¡as¡¡well¡¡as¡¡marital¡¡and¡¡proved¡¡

a¡¡success¡¡in¡¡every¡¡way¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Sarah¡¡was¡¡a¡¡worker£»¡¡with¡¡all¡¡the¡¡good¡¡old¡¡Dutch¡¡

qualities¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡patience£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡persistence£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡industry¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡economy¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡When¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡her¡¡

husband¡¡went¡¡on¡¡trips¡¡she¡¡kept¡¡store¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡She¡¡was¡¡the¡¡only¡¡partner¡¡in¡¡which¡¡

he¡¡ever¡¡had¡¡implicit¡¡faith¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡And¡¡faith¡¡is¡¡the¡¡first¡¡requisite¡¡in¡¡success¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Captain¡¡Cook¡¡had¡¡skirted¡¡the¡¡Pacific¡¡Coast¡¡from¡¡Cape¡¡Horn¡¡to¡¡Alaska£»¡¡

and¡¡had¡¡brought¡¡to¡¡the¡¡attention¡¡of¡¡the¡¡fur¡­dealing¡¡and¡¡fur¡­wearing¡¡world¡¡

the¡¡sea¡­otter¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Northern¡¡Pacific¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡He¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡also¡¡¡¡¡¡gave¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡psychological¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡prophetic¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡glimpse¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡insidious¡¡

sealskin¡¡sacque¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡In¡¡Seventeen¡¡Hundred¡¡and¡¡Ninety£»¡¡a¡¡ship¡¡from¡¡the¡¡Pacific¡¡brought¡¡a¡¡

hundred¡¡otterskins¡¡to¡¡New¡¡York¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡skins¡¡were¡¡quickly¡¡sold¡¡to¡¡London¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡9¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡10¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡John¡¡Jacob¡¡Astor¡¡



buyers¡¡at¡¡exorbitant¡¡prices¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡nobility¡¡¡¡wanted¡¡sea¡­otter£»¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡®¡®Royal¡¡American¡¡¡¡¡¡Ermine£»''¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡they¡¡

called¡¡it¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡scarcity¡¡boomed¡¡the¡¡price¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Ships¡¡were¡¡quickly¡¡fitted¡¡out¡¡

and¡¡dispatched¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Boats¡¡bound¡¡for¡¡the¡¡whale¡¡fisheries¡¡were¡¡diverted£»¡¡and¡¡

New¡¡Bedford¡¡had¡¡a¡¡spasm¡¡of¡¡jealousy¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Astor¡¡encouraged¡¡these¡¡expeditions£»¡¡but¡¡at¡¡first¡¡invested¡¡no¡¡money¡¡in¡¡

them£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡¡¡considered¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡them¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡®¡®extra¡¡¡¡¡¡hazardous¡£''¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡He¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡

speculator¡£¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Until¡¡the¡¡year¡¡Eighteen¡¡Hundred£»¡¡Astor¡¡lived¡¡over¡¡his¡¡store¡¡in¡¡Water¡¡

Street£»¡¡but¡¡he¡¡then¡¡moved¡¡to¡¡the¡¡plain¡¡and¡¡modest¡¡house¡¡at¡¡Two¡¡Hundred¡¡

and¡¡Twenty¡­three¡¡Broadway£»¡¡on¡¡the¡¡site¡¡of¡¡the¡¡old¡¡Astor¡¡House¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Here¡¡he¡¡

lived¡¡for¡¡twenty¡­five¡¡years¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡¡¡fur¡¡¡¡¡¡business¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡simple¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡very¡¡¡¡¡¡profitable¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Astor¡¡¡¡¡¡now¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡

confining¡¡¡¡¡¡himself¡¡¡¡¡¡mostly¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡beaver¡­¡¡¡¡¡¡skins¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡He¡¡¡¡¡¡fixed¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡price¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡¡¡one¡¡

dollar£»¡¡to¡¡be¡¡paid¡¡to¡¡the¡¡Indians¡¡or¡¡trappers¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡It¡¡cost¡¡fifty¡¡cents¡¡to¡¡prepare¡¡

and¡¡transport¡¡the¡¡skin¡¡to¡¡London¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡There¡¡it¡¡was¡¡sold¡¡at¡¡from¡¡five¡¡to¡¡ten¡¡

dollars¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡All¡¡of¡¡the¡¡money¡¡received¡¡for¡¡skins¡¡was¡¡then¡¡invested¡¡in¡¡English¡¡

merchandise£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡sold¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡New¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡York¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡profit¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡In¡¡¡¡¡¡Eighteen¡¡

Hundred£»¡¡Astor¡¡owned¡¡three¡¡ships¡¡which¡¡he¡¡had¡¡bought¡¡so¡¡as¡¡to¡¡absolutely¡¡

control¡¡his¡¡trade¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Ascertaining¡¡that¡¡London¡¡dealers¡¡were¡¡reshipping¡¡furs¡¡

to¡¡China£»¡¡early¡¡in¡¡the¡¡century¡¡he¡¡dispatched¡¡one¡¡of¡¡his¡¡ships¡¡directly¡¡to¡¡the¡¡

Orient£»¡¡loaded¡¡with¡¡furs£»¡¡with¡¡explicit¡¡written¡¡instructions¡¡to¡¡the¡¡captain¡¡as¡¡

to¡¡what¡¡the¡¡cargo¡¡should¡¡be¡¡sold¡¡for¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡money¡¡was¡¡to¡¡be¡¡invested¡¡in¡¡

teas¡¡and¡¡silks¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡ship¡¡sailed¡¡away£»¡¡and¡¡had¡¡been¡¡gone¡¡a¡¡year¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡No¡¡tidings¡¡had¡¡come¡¡

from¡¡her¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Suddenly¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡messenger¡¡came¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡news¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡ship¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡bay¡£¡¡

We¡¡¡¡¡¡can¡¡¡¡¡¡imagine¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡interest¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Mr¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡Mrs¡£¡¡Astor¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡¡¡locked¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡

store¡¡and¡¡ran¡¡to¡¡the¡¡Battery¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Sure¡¡enough£»¡¡it¡¡was¡¡their¡¡ship£»¡¡riding¡¡gently¡¡

on¡¡the¡¡tide£»¡¡snug£»¡¡strong¡¡and¡¡safe¡¡as¡¡when¡¡she¡¡had¡¡left¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡¡¡profit¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡this¡¡¡¡one¡¡¡¡¡¡voyage¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡seventy¡¡¡¡¡¡thousand¡¡¡¡¡¡dollars¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡By¡¡

Eighteen¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Hundred¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡Ten£»¡¡¡¡¡¡John¡¡¡¡¡¡Jacob¡¡¡¡¡¡Astor¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡worth¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡two¡¡¡¡¡¡million¡¡

dollars¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡He¡¡began¡¡to¡¡invest¡¡all¡¡his¡¡surplus¡¡money¡¡in¡¡New¡¡York¡¡real¡¡estate¡£¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡10¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡11¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡John¡¡Jacob¡¡Astor¡¡



He¡¡¡¡¡¡bought¡¡¡¡¡¡acerage¡¡¡¡¡¡property¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡vicinity¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Canal¡¡¡¡¡¡Street¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Next¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡

bought¡¡¡¡¡¡Richmond¡¡¡¡¡¡Hill£»¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡estate¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Aaron¡¡¡¡¡¡Burr¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡It¡¡¡¡¡¡consisted¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡one¡¡

hundred¡¡and¡¡sixty¡¡acres¡¡just¡¡above¡¡Twenty¡­third¡¡Street¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡He¡¡paid¡¡for¡¡the¡¡

land¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡thousand¡¡¡¡¡¡dollars¡¡¡¡¡¡an¡¡¡¡¡¡acre¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡People¡¡¡¡¡¡said¡¡Astor¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡crazy¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡In¡¡¡¡¡¡ten¡¡

years¡¡he¡¡began¡¡to¡¡sell¡¡lots¡¡from¡¡the¡¡Richmond¡¡Hill¡¡property¡¡at¡¡the¡¡rate¡¡of¡¡

five¡¡thousand¡¡dollars¡¡¡¡¡¡an¡¡acre¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Fortunately¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡estate¡¡he¡¡did¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡sell¡¡

much¡¡of¡¡the¡¡land¡¡at¡¡this¡¡price£»¡¡for¡¡it¡¡is¡¡this¡¡particular¡¡dirt¡¡that¡¡makes¡¡up¡¡

that¡¡vast¡¡property¡¡known¡¡as¡¡¡®¡®The¡¡Astor¡¡Estate¡£''¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡During¡¡the¡¡Revolutionary¡¡War£»¡¡Roger¡¡Morris£»¡¡of¡¡Putnam¡¡County£»¡¡New¡¡

York£»¡¡made¡¡the¡¡mistake¡¡of¡¡siding¡¡with¡¡the¡¡Tories¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡A¡¡¡¡mob¡¡¡¡¡¡collected£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡Morris¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡family¡¡¡¡¡¡escaped£»¡¡¡¡¡¡taking¡¡¡¡¡¡ship¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡

England¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Before¡¡leaving£»¡¡Morris¡¡declared¡¡his¡¡intention¡¡of¡¡coming¡¡back¡¡as¡¡soon¡¡

as¡¡¡®¡®the¡¡insurrection¡¡was¡¡quelled¡£''¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡British¡¡¡¡¡¡troops£»¡¡¡¡¡¡we¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡¡¡reliably¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡informed£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡failed¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡quell¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

insurrection¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Roger¡¡Morris¡¡never¡¡came¡¡back¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Roger¡¡¡¡¡¡Morris¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡known¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡history¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡man¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡who¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡married¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Mary¡¡

Philipse¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡And¡¡¡¡¡¡this¡¡¡¡¡¡lady¡¡¡¡lives¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡history¡¡¡¡because¡¡¡¡¡¡she¡¡¡¡¡¡had¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡felicity¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡

having¡¡¡¡¡¡been¡¡¡¡¡¡proposed¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡George¡¡¡¡¡¡Washington¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡It¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡George¡¡¡¡¡¡himself£»¡¡

tells¡¡of¡¡this¡¡in¡¡his¡¡Journal£»¡¡and¡¡George¡¡you¡¡remember¡¡could¡¡not¡¡tell¡¡a¡¡lie¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡George¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡twenty¡­five£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡way¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡Boston£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡

entertained¡¡at¡¡the¡¡Philipse¡¡house£»¡¡the¡¡Plaza¡¡not¡¡having¡¡then¡¡been¡¡built¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Mary¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡twenty£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡pink¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡lissome¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡She¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡played¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡harpsichord¡£¡¡

Immediately¡¡after¡¡supper¡¡George£»¡¡finding¡¡himself¡¡alone¡¡in¡¡the¡¡parlor¡¡with¡¡

the¡¡girl£»¡¡proposed¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡He¡¡was¡¡an¡¡opportunist¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡lady¡¡pleaded¡¡for¡¡time£»¡¡which¡¡the¡¡Father¡¡of¡¡his¡¡Country¡¡declined¡¡to¡¡

give¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡He¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡soldier¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡demanded¡¡¡¡¡¡immediate¡¡¡¡¡¡surrender¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡A¡¡¡¡small¡¡

quarrel¡¡¡¡¡¡followed£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡George¡¡¡¡¡¡saddled¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡horse¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡rode¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡way¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡

fame¡¡and¡¡fortune¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Mary¡¡thought¡¡he¡¡would¡¡come¡¡back£»¡¡but¡¡George¡¡never¡¡proposed¡¡to¡¡the¡¡

same¡¡lady¡¡twice¡£¡¡Yet¡¡he¡¡thought¡¡kindly¡¡of¡¡Mary¡¡and¡¡excused¡¡her¡¡conduct¡¡

by¡¡recording£»¡¡¡®¡®I¡¡think¡¡ye¡¡ladye¡¡was¡¡not¡¡in¡¡ye¡¡moode¡£''¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡11¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡12¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡John¡¡Jacob¡¡Astor¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Just¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡twenty¡­two¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡years¡¡¡¡¡¡after¡¡¡¡¡¡this¡¡¡¡bout¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡Cupid£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡General¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡George¡¡

Washington£»¡¡Commander¡­in¡­Chief¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Continental¡¡Army£»¡¡occupied¡¡the¡¡

Roger¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Morris¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Mansion¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡headquarters£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡occupants¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡having¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡fled¡£¡¡

Washington¡¡had¡¡a¡¡sly¡¡sense¡¡of¡¡humor£»¡¡and¡¡on¡¡the¡¡occasion¡¡of¡¡his¡¡moving¡¡

into¡¡the¡¡mansion£»¡¡remarked¡¡to¡¡Colonel¡¡Aaron¡¡Burr£»¡¡his¡¡aide£»¡¡¡®¡®I¡¡move¡¡in¡¡

here¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡¡¡sentimental¡¡¡¡¡¡reasonsI¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡small¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡indirect¡¡¡¡¡¡claim¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

place¡£''¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡It¡¡was¡¡Washington¡¡who¡¡formally¡¡confiscated¡¡the¡¡property£»¡¡and¡¡turned¡¡it¡¡

over¡¡to¡¡the¡¡State¡¡of¡¡New¡¡York¡¡as¡¡contraband¡¡of¡¡war¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡Morris¡¡estate¡¡of¡¡about¡¡fifty¡¡thousand¡¡acres¡¡was¡¡parceled¡¡out¡¡and¡¡

sold¡¡by¡¡the¡¡State¡¡of¡¡New¡¡York¡¡to¡¡settlers¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡It¡¡¡¡¡¡seems£»¡¡¡¡¡¡however£»¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡Roger¡¡¡¡¡¡Morris¡¡¡¡¡¡had¡¡¡¡¡¡only¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡life¡¡¡¡¡¡interest¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

estate¡¡and¡¡this¡¡was¡¡a¡¡legal¡¡point¡¡so¡¡fine¡¡that¡¡it¡¡was¡¡entirely¡¡overlooked¡¡in¡¡

the¡¡joy¡¡of¡¡confiscation¡£¡¡Washington¡¡was¡¡a¡¡great¡¡soldier£»¡¡but¡¡an¡¡indifferent¡¡

lawyer¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡John¡¡Jacob¡¡Astor¡¡accidentally¡¡ascertained¡¡the¡¡facts¡£¡¡He¡¡was¡¡convinced¡¡

that¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡heirs¡¡¡¡¡¡could¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡robbed¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡¡¡¡¡rights¡¡¡¡¡¡through¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡acts¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡

leaseholder£»¡¡which£»¡¡legally¡¡was¡¡the¡¡status¡¡of¡¡Roger¡¡Morris¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Astor¡¡was¡¡a¡¡

good¡¡¡¡¡¡real¡¡¡¡¡¡estate¡¡¡¡¡¡lawyer¡¡¡¡¡¡himself£»¡¡¡¡¡¡but¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡¡¡referred¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡point¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡best¡¡

counsel¡¡he¡¡could¡¡find¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡They¡¡agreed¡¡with¡¡him¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡He¡¡next¡¡hunted¡¡up¡¡the¡¡

heirs¡¡and¡¡bought¡¡their¡¡quitclaims¡¡for¡¡one¡¡hundred¡¡thousand¡¡dollars¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡He¡¡then¡¡notified¡¡the¡¡parties¡¡who¡¡had¡¡purchased¡¡the¡¡land£»¡¡and¡¡they¡¡in¡¡

turn¡¡made¡¡claim¡¡upon¡¡the¡¡State¡¡for¡¡protection¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡After¡¡much¡¡legal¡¡parleying¡¡the¡¡case¡¡was¡¡tried¡¡according¡¡to¡¡stipulation¡¡

with¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡State¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡New¡¡¡¡¡¡York£»¡¡¡¡¡¡directly£»¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡defendant¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡Astor¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

occupants¡¡as¡¡plaintiffs¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Daniel¡¡Webster¡¡and¡¡Martin¡¡Van¡¡Buren¡¡appeared¡¡

for¡¡the¡¡State£»¡¡and¡¡an¡¡array¡¡of¡¡lesser¡¡legal¡¡lights¡¡for¡¡Astor¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡case¡¡was¡¡narrowed¡¡down¡¡to¡¡the¡¡plain¡¡and¡¡simple¡¡point¡¡that¡¡Roger¡¡

Morris¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡legal¡¡¡¡¡¡owner¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡estate£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡rightful¡¡¡¡¡¡heirs¡¡

could¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡made¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡suffer¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡®¡®treason£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡contumacy¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡

contravention''¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡another¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Astor¡¡¡¡¡¡won£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡compromise¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡State¡¡

issued¡¡¡¡¡¡him¡¡¡¡¡¡twenty¡­year¡¡¡¡¡¡bonds¡¡¡¡¡¡bearing¡¡¡¡¡¡six¡¡¡¡¡¡per¡¡¡¡¡¡cent¡¡¡¡¡¡interest£»¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡neat¡¡

sum¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡five¡¡¡¡¡¡hundred¡¡¡¡¡¡thousand¡¡¡¡¡¡dollarsnot¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡Astor¡¡¡¡¡¡needed¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡money¡¡

but¡¡finance¡¡was¡¡to¡¡him¡¡a¡¡game£»¡¡and¡¡he¡¡had¡¡won¡£¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡12¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡13¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡John¡¡Jacob¡¡Astor¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡In¡¡front¡¡of¡¡the¡¡first¡¡A¡£¡¡T¡£¡¡Stewart¡¡store¡¡there¡¡used¡¡to¡¡be¡¡an¡¡old¡¡woman¡¡

who¡¡sold¡¡apples¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Regardless¡¡of¡¡weather£»¡¡there¡¡she¡¡sat¡¡and¡¡mumbled¡¡her¡¡

wares¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡passer¡­by¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡She¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡combination¡¡¡¡¡¡beggar¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡merchant£»¡¡

with¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡blundering¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡wit£»¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡ready¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡tongue¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡vocabulary¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡unfit¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡

publication¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Her¡¡commercial¡¡genius¡¡is¡¡shown¡¡in¡¡the¡¡fact¡¡that¡¡she¡¡secured¡¡one¡¡good¡¡

paying¡¡customerAlexander¡¡T¡£¡¡Stewart¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Stewart¡¡¡¡¡¡grew¡¡to¡¡believe¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡her¡¡

as¡¡his¡¡spirit¡¡of¡¡good¡¡luck¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Once¡¡when¡¡bargains¡¡had¡¡been¡¡offered¡¡at¡¡the¡¡

Stewart¡¡¡¡¡¡store¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡old¡¡¡¡¡¡woman¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡¡¡her¡¡¡¡¡¡place¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡curb£»¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

merchant¡­prince¡¡¡¡¡¡sent¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡carriage¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡¡¡her¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡hot¡¡¡¡¡¡haste¡¡¡¡¡¡¡®¡®lest¡¡¡¡¡¡offense¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡

given¡£''¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡And¡¡the¡¡day¡¡was¡¡saved¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡When¡¡the¡¡original¡¡store¡¡was¡¡abandoned¡¡for¡¡the¡¡Stewart¡¡¡®¡®Palace''¡¡the¡¡

old¡¡apple¡¡woman¡¡with¡¡her¡¡box£»¡¡basket¡¡and¡¡umbrella¡¡were¡¡tenderly¡¡taken¡¡

along£»¡¡too¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡John¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Jacob¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Astor¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡had¡¡¡¡¡¡no¡¡¡¡¡¡such¡¡¡¡¡¡belief¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡luck¡¡¡¡¡¡omens£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡portents£»¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡

m
·µ»ØĿ¼ ÉÏÒ»Ò³ ÏÂÒ»Ò³ »Øµ½¶¥²¿ ÔÞ£¨0£© ²È£¨0£©
¿ì½Ý²Ù×÷: °´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·­Ò³ °´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ °´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿!
ÎÂÜ°Ìáʾ£º ο´Ð¡ËµµÄͬʱ·¢±íÆÀÂÛ£¬Ëµ³ö×Ô¼ºµÄ¿´·¨ºÍÆäËüС»ï°éÃÇ·ÖÏíÒ²²»´íŶ£¡·¢±íÊéÆÀ»¹¿ÉÒÔ»ñµÃ»ý·ÖºÍ¾­Ñé½±Àø£¬ÈÏÕæдԭ´´ÊéÆÀ ±»²ÉÄÉΪ¾«ÆÀ¿ÉÒÔ»ñµÃ´óÁ¿½ð±Ò¡¢»ý·ÖºÍ¾­Ñé½±ÀøŶ£¡