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the clouds-第3部分
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harmonious contests of the choruses and the serious melodies of the
flute。
STREPSIADES
By Zeus! Tell me; Socrates; I pray you; who are these women; whose
language is so solemn; can they be demi…goddesses?
SOCRATES
Not at all。 They are the Clouds of heaven; great goddesses for the
lazy; to them we owe all; thoughts; speeches; trickery; roguery;
boasting; lies; sagacity。
STREPSIADES
Ah! that was why; as I listened to them; my mind spread out its
wings; it burns to babble about trifles; to maintain worthless
arguments; to voice its petty reasons; to contradict; to tease some
opponent。 But are they not going to show themselves? I should like
to see them; were it possible。
SOCRATES
Well; look this way in the direction of Parnes; I already see
those who are slowly descending。
STREPSIADES
But where; where? Show them to me。
SOCRATES
They are advancing in a throng; following an oblique path across
the dales and thickets。
STREPSIADES
Strange! I can see nothing。
SOCRATES
There; close to the entrance。
STREPSIADES
Hardly; if at all; can I distinguish them。
SOCRATES
You must see them clearly now; unless your eyes are filled with
gum as thick as pumpkins。
STREPSIADES
Aye; undoubtedly! Oh! the venerable goddesses! Why; they fill up
the entire stage。
SOCRATES
And you did not know; you never suspected; that they were
goddesses?
STREPSIADES
No; indeed; I thought the Clouds were only fog; dew and vapour。
SOCRATES
But what you certainly do not know is that they are the support of
a crowd of quacks; the diviners; who were sent to Thurium; the
notorious physicians; the well…combed fops; who load their fingers
with rings down to the nails; and the braggarts; who write dithyrambic
verses; all these are idlers whom the Clouds provide a living for;
because they sing them in their verses。
STREPSIADES
It is then for this that they praise 〃the rapid flight of the
moist clouds; which veil the brightness of day〃 and 〃the waving
locks of the hundred…headed Typho〃 and 〃the impetuous tempests;
which float through the heavens; like birds of prey with aerial
wings loaded with mists〃 and 〃the rains; the dew; which the clouds
outpour。〃 As a reward for these fine phrases they bolt well…grown;
tasty mullet and delicate thrushes。
SOCRATES
Yes; thanks to these。 And is it not right and meet?
STREPSIADES
Tell me then why; if these really are the Clouds; they so very
much resemble mortals。 This is not their usual form。
SOCRATES
What are they like then?
STREPSIADES
I don't know exactly; well; they are like great packs of wool; but
not like women…no; not in the least。。。。And these have noses。
SOCRATES
Answer my questions。
STREPSIADES
Willingly! Go on; I am listening。
SOCRATES
Have you not sometimes seen clouds in the sky like a centaur; a
leopard; a wolf or a bull?
STREPSIADES
Why; certainly I have; but what of that?
SOCRATES
They take what metamorphosis they like。 If they see a debauchee
with long flowing locks and hairy as a beast; like the son of
Xenophantes; they take the form of a Centaur in derision of his
shameful passion。
STREPSIADES
And when they see Simon; that thiever of public money; what do
they do then?
SOCRATES
To picture him to the life; they turn at once into wolves。
STREPSIADES
So that was why yesterday; when they saw Cleonymus; who cast
away his buckler because he is the veriest poltroon amongst men;
they changed into deer。
SOCRATES
And to…day they have seen Clisthenes; you see。。。。they are women
STREPSIADES
Hail; sovereign goddesses; and if ever you have let your celestial
voice be heard by mortal ears; speak to me; oh! speak to me; ye
all…powerful queens。
CHORUS…LEADER
Hail! veteran of the ancient times; you who burn to instruct
yourself in fine language。 And you; great high…priest of subtle
nonsense; tell us; your desire。 To you and Prodicus alone of all the
hollow orationers of to…day have we lent an ear…to Prodicus; because
of his knowledge and his great wisdom; and to you; because you walk
with head erect; a confident look; barefooted; resigned to
everything and proud of our protection。
STREPSIADES
Oh! Earth! What august utterances! how sacred! how wondrous!
SOCRATES
That is because these are the only goddesses; all the rest are
pure myth。
STREPSIADES
But by the Earth! is our father; Zeus; the Olympian; not a god?
SOCRATES
Zeus! what Zeus! Are you mad? There is no Zeus。
STREPSIADES
What are you saying now? Who causes the rain to fall? Answer me
that!
SOCRATES
Why; these; and I will prove it。 Have you ever seen it raining
without clouds? Let Zeus then cause rain with a clear sky and
without their presence!
STREPSIADES
By Apollo! that is powerfully argued! For my own part; I always
thought it was Zeus pissing into a sieve。 But tell me; who is it makes
the thunder; which I so much dread?
SOCRATES
These; when they roll one over the other。
STREPSIADES
But how can that be? you most daring among men!
SOCRATES
Being full of water; and forced to move along; they are of
necessity precipitated in rain; being fully distended with moisture
from the regions where they have been floating; hence they bump each
other heavily and burst with great noise。
STREPSIADES
But is it not Zeus who forces them to move?
SOCRATES
Not at all; it's the aerial Whirlwind。
STREPSIADES
The Whirlwind! ah! I did not know that。 So Zeus; it seems; has
no existence; and its the Whirlwind that reigns in his stead? But
you have not yet told me what makes the roll of the thunder?
SOCRATES
Have you not understood me then? I tell you; that the Clouds; when
full of rain; bump against one another; and that; being inordinately
swollen out; they burst with a great noise。
STREPSIADES
How can you make me credit that?
SOCRATES
Take yourself as an example。 When you have heartily gorged on stew
at the Panathenaea; you get throes of stomach…ache and then suddenly
your belly resounds with prolonged rumbling。
STREPSIADES
Yes; yes; by Apollo I suffer; I get colic; then the stew sets to
rumbling like thunder and finally bursts forth with a terrific
noise。 At first; it's but a little gurgling pappax; pappax! then it
increases; papapappax! and when I take my crap; why; it's thunder
indeed; papapappax! pappax!! papapappax!!! just like the clouds。
SOCRATES
Well then; reflect what a noise is produced by your belly; which
is but small。 Shall not the air; which is boundless; produce these
mighty claps of thunder?
STREPSIADES
And this is why the names are so much alike: crap and clap。 But
tell me this。 Whence comes the lightning; the dazzling flame; which at
times consumes the man it strikes; at others hardly singes him。 Is
it not plain; that Zeus is hurling it at the perjurers?
SOCRATES
Out upon the fool! the driveller! he still savours of the golden
age! If Zeus strikes at the perjurers; why has he not blasted Simon;
Cleonymus and Theorus? Of a surety; greater perjurers cannot exist。
No; he strikes his own temple; and Sunium; the promontory of Athens;
and the towering oaks。 Now; why should he do that? An oak is no
perjurer。
STREPSIADES
I cannot tell; but it seems to me well argued。 What is the
lightning then?
SOCRATES
When a dry wind ascends to the Clouds and gets shut into them;
it blows them out like a bladder; finally; being too confined; it
bursts them; escapes with fierce violence and a roar to flash into
flame by reason of its own impetuosity。
STREPSIADES
Ah; that's just what happened to me one day。 It was at the feast
of Zeus! I was cooking a sow's belly for my family and I had forgotten
to slit it open。 It swelled out and; suddenly bursting; discharged
itself right into my eyes and burnt my face。
LEADER OF THE CHORUS
Oh; mortal; you who desire to instruct yourself in our great
wisdom; the Athenians; the Greeks will envy you your good fortune。
Only you must have the memory and ardour for study; you must know
how to stand the tests; hold your own; go forward without feeling
fatigue; caring but little for food; abstaining from wine; gymnastic
exercises and other similar follies; in fact; you must believe as
every man of intellect should; that the greatest of all blessings is
to live and think more clearly than the vulgar herd; to shine in the
contests of words。
STREPSIADES
If it be a question of hardiness for labour; of spending whole
nights at work; of living sparingly; of fighting my stomach and only
eating chickpease; rest assured; I am as hard as an anvil。
SOCRATES
Henceforward; following our example; you will recognize no other
gods but Chaos; the Clouds and the Tongue; these three alone。
STREPSIADES
I would not speak to the others; even if I met them in the street;
not a single sacrifice; not a libation; not a grain of incense for
them!
LEADER OF THE CHORUS
Tell us boldly then what you want of us; you cannot fail to
succeed。 If you honour and revere us and if you are resolved to become
a clever man。
STREPSIADES
Oh; sovereign goddesses; it is only a very small favour that I ask
of you; grant that I may outdistance all the Greeks by a hundred
stadia in the art of speaking。
LEADER OF THE CHORUS
We grant you this; and henceforward no eloquence shall more
often succeed with the people than your own。
STREPSIADES
May the gods shield me from possessing great eloquence! That's not
what I want。 I want to be able to turn bad law…suits to my own
advantage and to slip through the fingers of my creditors。
LEADER OF THE CHORUS
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