the economist-第10部分

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le　of　ridicule　（not　on　the　lips　of　a　grave　man　perhaps；　but　of　some　facetious　witling）　to　hear　me　say　it；　a　beauty　like　the　cadence　of　sweet　music＇36＇　dwells　even　in　pots　and　pans　set　out　in　neat　array：　and　so；　in　general；　fair　things　ever　show　more　fair　when　orderly　bestowed。　The　separate　atoms　shape　themselves　to　form　a　choir；　and　all　the　space　between　gains　beauty　by　their　banishment。　Even　so　some　sacred　chorus；＇37＇　dancing　a　roundelay　in　honour　of　Dionysus；　not　only　is　a　thing　of　beauty　in　itself；　but　the　whole　interspace　swept　clean　of　dancers　owns　a　separate　charm。＇38＇

＇34＇　Or；　〃coffers；〃　〃cupboards；〃　〃safes。〃

＇35＇　Cf。　〃Anab。〃　III。　ii。　19；　〃firmly　planted　on　terra　firma。〃

＇36＇　Or；　〃like　the　rhythm　of　a　song；〃　｛euruthmon｝。　See　Mr。　Ruskin's　　　　　most　appropriate　note　（〃Bib。　Past。〃　i。　59）；　〃A　remarkable　word；　as　　　　　significant　of　the　complete　rhythm　（｛ruthmos｝）　whether　of　sound　or　　　　　motion；　that　was　so　great　a　characteristic　of　the　Greek　ideal　（cf。　　　　　xi。　16；　｛metarruthmizo｝）；〃　and　much　more　equally　to　the　point。

＇37＇　〃Just　as　a　chorus；　the　while　its　dancers　weave　a　circling　dance。〃

＇38＇　Or；　〃contrasting　with　the　movement　and　the　mazes　of　the　dance；　a　　　　　void　appears　serene　and　beautiful。〃

〃The　truth　of　what　I　say；　we　easily　can　test；　my　wife；〃　I　added；　〃by　direct　experiment；　and　that　too　without　cost　at　all　or　even　serious　trouble。＇39＇　Nor　need　you　now　distress　yourself；　my　wife；　to　think　how　hard　it　will　be　to　discover　some　one　who　has　wit　enough　to　learn　the　places　for　the　several　things　and　memory　to　take　and　place　them　there。　We　know；　I　fancy；　that　the　goods　of　various　sorts　contained　in　the　whole　city　far　outnumber　ours　many　thousand　times；　and　yet　you　have　only　to　bid　any　one　of　your　domestics　go　buy　this；　or　that；　and　bring　it　you　from　market；　and　not　one　of　them　will　hesitate。　The　whole　world　knows　both　where　to　go　and　where　to　find　each　thing。

＇39＇　Lit。　〃now　whether　these　things　I　say　are　true　（i。e。　are　facts）；　　　　　we　can　make　experiment　of　the　things　themselves　（i。e。　of　actual　　　　　facts　to　prove　to　us）。〃

〃And　why　is　this？〃　I　asked。　〃Merely　because　they　lie　in　an　appointed　place。　But　now；　if　you　are　seeking　for　a　human　being；　and　that　too　at　times　when　he　is　seeking　you　on　his　side　also；　often　and　often　shall　you　give　up　the　search　in　sheer　despair：　and　of　this　again　the　reason？　Nothing　else　save　that　no　appointed　place　was　fixed　where　one　was　to　await　the　other。〃　Such；　so　far　as　I　can　now　recall　it；　was　the　conversation　which　we　held　together　touching　the　arrangement　of　our　various　chattels　and　their　uses。



IX

Well　（I　replied）；　and　did　your　wife　appear；　Ischomachus；　to　lend　a　willing　ear　to　what　you　tried　thus　earnestly　to　teach　her？

Isch。　Most　certainly　she　did；　with　promise　to　pay　all　attention。　Her　delight　was　evident；　like　some　one's　who　at　length　has　found　a　pathway　out　of　difficulties；　in　proof　of　which　she　begged　me　to　lose　no　time　in　making　the　orderly　arrangement　I　had　spoken　of。

And　how　did　you　introduce　the　order　she　demanded；　Ischomachus？　（I　asked）。

Isch。　Well；　first　of　all　I　thought　I　ought　to　show　her　the　capacities　of　our　house。　Since　you　must　know；　it　is　not　decked　with　ornaments　and　fretted　ceilings；＇1＇　Socrates；　but　the　rooms　were　built　expressly　with　a　view　to　forming　the　most　apt　receptacles　for　whatever　was　intended　to　be　put　in　them；　so　that　the　very　look　of　them　proclaimed　what　suited　each　particular　chamber　best。　Thus　our　own　bedroom；＇2＇　secure　in　its　position　like　a　stronghold；　claimed　possession　of　our　choicest　carpets；　coverlets；　and　other　furniture。　Thus；　too；　the　warm　dry　rooms　would　seem　to　ask　for　our　stock　of　bread…stuffs；　the　chill　cellar　for　our　wine；　the　bright　and　well…lit　chambers　for　whatever　works　or　furniture　required　light；　and　so　forth。

＇1＇　Or；　〃curious　workmanship　and　paintings。〃　See　〃Mem。〃　III。　viii。　10。　　　　　Cf。　Plat。　〃Rep。〃　vii。　529　B；　〃Hipp。　maj。〃　298　A。　See　Becker；　　　　　〃Charicles；〃　Exc。　i。　111。

＇2＇　Or；　〃the　bridal　chamber。〃　See　Becker；　op。　cit。　p。　266。　Al。　〃our　　　　　store…chamber。〃　See　Hom。　〃Od。〃　xxi。　9：

｛be　d'　imenai　thalamonde　sun　amphipoloisi　gunaixin　eskhaton；　k。t。l。｝

〃And　she　（Penelope）　betook　her；　with　her　handmaidens；　to　the　treasure…chamber　in　the　uttermost　part　of　the　house；　where　lay　the　treasures　of　her　lord；　bronze　and　gold　and　iron　well　wrought。〃　Butcher　and　Lang。　Cf。　〃Od。〃　ii。　337；　〃Il。〃　vi。　288。

Next　I　proceeded　to　point　out　to　her　the　several　dwelling…rooms；　all　beautifully　fitted　up　for　cool　in　summer　and　for　warmth　in　winter。＇3＇　I　showed　her　how　the　house　enjoyed　a　southern　aspect；　whence　it　was　plain；　in　winter　it　would　catch　the　sunlight　and　in　summer　lie　in　shade。＇4＇　Then　I　showed　her　the　women's　apartments；　separated　from　the　men's　apartments　by　a　bolted　door；＇5＇　whereby　nothing　from　within　could　be　conveyed　without　clandestinely；　nor　children　born　and　bred　by　our　domestics　without　our　knowledge　and　consent＇6＇no　unimportant　matter；　since；　if　the　act　of　rearing　children　tends　to　make　good　servants　still　more　loyally　disposed；＇7＇　cohabiting　but　sharpens　ingenuity　for　mischief　in　the　bad。

＇3＇　See　〃Mem。〃　III。　viii。　8。

＇4＇　See　〃Mem。〃　ib。　9。

＇5＇　〃By　bolts　and　bars。〃　Lit。　〃a　door　fitted　with　a　bolt…pin。〃　See　　　　　Thuc。　ii。　4；　Aristoph。　〃Wasps；〃　200。

＇6＇　Cf。　（Aristot。）　〃Oecon。〃　i。　5；　｛dei　de　kai　exomereuein　tais　　　　　teknopoiiais｝。

＇7＇　Lit。　〃since　（you　know）　if　the　good　sort　of　servant　is　rendered；　as　　　　　a　rule；　better　disposed　when　he　becomes　a　father；　the　base；　　　　　through　intermarrying；　become　only　more　ripe　for　mischief。〃

When　we　had　gone　over　all　the　rooms　（he　continued）；　we　at　once　set　about　distribution　our　furniture＇8＇　in　classes；　and　we　began　（he　said）　by　collecting　everything　we　use　in　offering　sacrifice。＇9＇　After　this　we　proceeded　to　set　apart　the　ornaments　and　holiday　attire　of　the　wife；　and　the　husband's　clothing　both　for　festivals　and　war；　then　the　bedding　used　in　the　women's　apartments；　and　the　bedding　used　in　the　men's　apartments；　then　the　women's　shoes　and　sandals；　and　the　shoes　and　sandals　of　the　men。＇10＇　There　was　one　division　devoted　to　arms　and　armour；　another　to　instruments　used　for　carding　wood；　another　to　implements　for　making　bread；　another　to　utensils　for　cooking　condiments；　another　to　utensils　for　the　bath；　another　connected　with　the　kneading　trough；　another　with　the　service　of　the　table。　All　these　we　assigned　to　separate　places；　distinguishing　one　portion　for　daily　and　recurrent　use　and　the　rest　for　high　days　and　holidays。　Next　we　selected　and　set　aside　the　supplies　required　for　the　month's　expenditure；　and；　under　a　separate　head；＇11＇　we　stored　away　what　we　computed　would　be　needed　for　the　year。＇12＇　For　in　this　way　there　is　less　chance　of　failing　to　note　how　the　supplies　are　likely　to　last　to　the　end。

＇8＇　〃Movable　property；〃　〃meubles。〃

＇9＇　Holden　cf。　Plut。　〃De　Curios。〃　515　E；　｛os　gar　Xenophon　legei　toi　　　　　Oikonomikois；　k。t。l。｝

＇10＇　Cf。　〃Cyrop。〃　VIII。　ii。　5。　See　Becker；　op。　cit。　p。　447。

＇11＇　See　Cic。　ap。　Col。　who　curiously　mistranslates　｛dikha｝。

＇12＇　Schneider；　etc。；　cf。　Aristot。　〃Oecon。〃　i。　6。

And　so　having　arranged　the　different　articles　of　furniture　in　classes；　we　proceeded　to　convey　them　to　their　appropriate　places。　That　done；　we　directed　our　attention　to　the　various　articles　needed　by　our　domestics　for　daily　use；　such　as　implements　or　utensils　for　making　bread；　cooking　relishes；　spinning　wool；　and　anything　else　of　the　same　sort。　These　we　consigned　to　the　care　of　those　who　would　have　to　use　them；　first　pointing　out　where　they　must　stow　them；　and　enjoining　on　them　to　return　them　safe　and　sound　when　done　with。

As　to　the　other　things　which　we　should　only　use　on　feast…days；　or　for　the　entertainment　of　guests；　or　on　other　like　occasions　at　long　intervals；　we　delivered　them　one　and　all　to　our　housekeeper。　Having　pointed　out　to　her　their　proper　places；　and　having　numbered　and　registered＇13＇　the　several　sets　of　articles；　we　explained　that　it　was　her　business　to　give　out　each　thing　as　required；　to　recollect　to　whom　she　gave　them；　and　when　she　got　them　back；　to　restore　them　severally　to　the　places　from　which　she　took　them。　In　appointing　our　housekeeper；　we　had　taken　every　pains　to　discover　some　one　on　whose　self…restraint　we　might　depend；　not　only　in　the　matters　of　food　and　wine　and　sleep；　but　also　in　her　intercourse　with　men。　She　must　besides；　to　please　us；　be　gifted　with　no　ordinary　memory。　She　must　have　sufficient　forethought　not　to　incur　displeasure　through　neglect　of　our　interests。　It　must　be　her　object　to　gratify　us　in　this　or　that；　and　in　return　to　win　esteem　and　honour　at　our　hands。　We　set　ourselves　to　teach　and　train　her　to　feel　a　kindly　disposition　towards　us；　by　allowing　her　to　share　our　joys　in　the　day　of　gladness；　or；　if　aught　unkind　befell　us；　by　inviting　her　to　sympathise　in　our　sorrow。　We　sought　to　rouse　in　her　a　zeal　for　our　interests；　an　eagerness　to　promote　the　increase　of　our　estate；　by　making　her　intelligent　of　its　affairs；　and　by　giving　her　a　share　in　our　successes。　We　instilled　in　her　a　sense　of　justice　and　uprightness；　by　holding　the　just　in　higher　honour　than　the　unjust；　and　by　pointing　out　that　the　lives　of　the　righteous　are　richer　and　less　servile　than　those　of　the　unrighteous；　and　this　was　the　position　in　which　she　found　herself　installed　in　our　household。＇14＇

＇13＇　Or；　〃having　taken　an　inventory　of　the　several　sets　of　things。〃　　　　　Cf。　〃Ages。〃　i。　18；　〃Cyrop。〃　VII。　iv。　12。　See　Newman；　op。　cit。　i。　　　　　171。

＇14＇　Or；　〃and　this　was　the　position　in　which　we　presently　established　　　　　her　herself。〃

And　now；　on　the　strength　of　all　that　we　had　done；　Socrates　（he　added）；　I　addressed　my　wife；　explaining　that　all　these　things　would　fail　of　use　unless　she　took　in　charge　herself　to　see　that　the　order　of　each　several　part　was　kept。　Thereupon　I　taught　her　that　in　every　well…　constituted　city　the　citizens　are　not　content　merely　to　pass　good　laws；　but　they　further　choose　them　guardians　of　the　laws；＇15＇　whose　function　as　inspectors　is　to　praise　the　man　whose　acts　are　law…　abiding；　or　to　mulct　some　other　who　offends　against　the　law。　Accordingly；　I　bade　her　believe　that　she；　the　mistress；　was　herself　to　play　the　part　of　guardian　of　the　laws　to　her　whole　household；　examining　whenever　it　seemed　good　to　her；　and　passing　in　review　the　severa