the economist-第9部分

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cle　has　lost　its　charm。　How　different　when　each　and　all　together　act　and　recite＇4＇　with　orderly　precision；　the　limbs　and　voices　keeping　time　and　tune。　Then；　indeed；　these　same　performers　are　worth　seeing　and　worth　hearing。

＇4＇　Or；　〃declaim；〃　｛phtheggontai｝；　properly　of　the　〃recitative〃　of　the　　　　　chorus。　Cf。　Plat。　〃Phaedr。〃　238　D。

〃So；　too；　an　army；〃　I　said；　〃my　wife；　an　army　destitute　of　order　is　confusion　worse　confounded：　to　enemies　an　easy　prey；　courting　attack；　to　friends　a　bitter　spectacle　of　wasted　power；＇5＇　a　mingled　mob　of　asses；　heavy　infantry；　and　baggage…bearers；　light　infantry；　cavalry；　and　waggons。　Now；　suppose　they　are　on　the　march；　how　are　they　to　get　along？　In　this　condition　everybody　will　be　a　hindrance　to　everybody：　'slow　march'　side　by　side　with　'double　quick；'　'quick　march'　at　cross　purposes　with　'stand　at　ease'；　waggons　blocking　cavalry　and　asses　fouling　waggons；　baggage…bearers　and　hoplites　jostling　together：　the　whole　a　hopeless　jumble。　And　when　it　comes　to　fighting；　such　an　army　is　not　precisely　in　condition　to　deliver　battle。　The　troops　who　are　compelled　to　retreat　before　the　enemy's　advance＇6＇　are　fully　capable　of　trampling　down　the　heavy　infantry　detachments　in　reserve。＇7＇

＇5＇　Reading　｛agleukestaton｝；　or；　if　with　Breit；　｛akleestaton｝；　〃a　most　　　　　inglorious　spectacle　of　extreme　unprofitableness。〃

＇6＇　Or；　〃whose　duty　（or　necessity）　it　is　to　retire　before　an　attack；〃　　　　　i。e。　the　skirmishers。　Al。　〃those　who　have　to　retreat；〃　i。e。　the　　　　　non…combatants。

＇7＇　Al。　〃are　quite　capable　of　trampling　down　the　troops　behind　in　　　　　their　retreat。〃　｛tous　opla　ekhontas｝　=　〃the　troops　proper；〃　〃heavy　　　　　infantry。〃

〃How　different　is　an　army　well　organised　in　battle　order：　a　splendid　sight　for　friendly　eyes　to　gaze　at；　albeit　an　eyesore　to　the　enemy。　For　who；　being　of　their　party；　but　will　feel　a　thrill　of　satisfaction　as　he　watches　the　serried　masses　of　heavy　infantry　moving　onwards　in　unbroken　order？　who　but　will　gaze　with　wonderment　as　the　squadrons　of　the　cavalry　dash　past　him　at　the　gallop？　And　what　of　the　foeman？　will　not　his　heart　sink　within　him　to　see　the　orderly　arrangements　of　the　different　arms：＇8＇　here　heavy　infantry　and　cavalry；　and　there　again　light　infantry；　there　archers　and　there　slingers；　following　each　their　leaders；　with　orderly　precision。　As　they　tramp　onwards　thus　in　order；　though　they　number　many　myriads；　yet　even　so　they　move　on　and　on　in　quiet　progress；　stepping　like　one　man；　and　the　place　just　vacated　in　front　is　filled　up　on　the　instant　from　the　rear。

＇8＇　〃Different　styles　of　troops　drawn　up　in　separate　divisions：　　　　　hoplites；　cavalry；　and　peltasts；　archers；　and　slingers。〃

〃Or　picture　a　trireme；　crammed　choke…full　of　mariners；　for　what　reason　is　she　so　terror…striking　an　object　to　her　enemies；　and　a　sight　so　gladsome　to　the　eyes　of　friends？　is　it　not　that　the　gallant　ship　sails　so　swiftly？　And　why　is　it　that；　for　all　their　crowding；　the　ship's　company＇9＇　cause　each　other　no　distress？　Simply　that　there；　as　you　may　see　them；　they　sit　in　order；　in　order　bend　to　the　oar；　in　order　recover　the　stroke；　in　order　step　on　board；　in　order　disembark。　But　disorder　is；　it　seems　to　me；　precisely　as　though　a　man　who　is　a　husbandman　should　stow　away＇10＇　together　in　one　place　wheat　and　barley　and　pulse；　and　by　and　by　when　he　has　need　of　barley　meal；　or　wheaten　flour；　or　some　condiment　of　pulse；＇11＇　then　he　must　pick　and　choose　instead　of　laying　his　hand　on　each　thing　separately　sorted　for　use。

＇9＇　See　Thuc。　iii。　77。　2。

＇10＇　〃Should　shoot　into　one　place。〃

＇11＇　〃Vegetable　stock；〃　〃kitchen。〃　See　Holden　ad　loc。；　and　Prof。　　　　　Mahaffy；　〃Old　Greek　Life；〃　p。　31。

〃And　so　with　you　too；　my　wife；　if　you　would　avoid　this　confusion；　if　you　would　fain　know　how　to　administer　our　goods；　so　as　to　lay　your　finger　readily　on　this　or　that　as　you　may　need；　or　if　I　ask　you　for　anything；　graciously　to　give　it　me：　let　us；　I　say；　select　and　assign＇12＇　the　appropriate　place　for　each　set　of　things。　This　shall　be　the　place　where　we　will　put　the　things；　and　we　will　instruct　the　housekeeper　that　she　is　to　take　them　out　thence；　and　mind　to　put　them　back　again　there；　and　in　this　way　we　shall　know　whether　they　are　safe　or　not。　If　anything　is　gone；　the　gaping　space　will　cry　out　as　if　it　asked　for　something　back。＇13＇　The　mere　look　and　aspect　of　things　will　argue　what　wants　mending；＇14＇　and　the　fact　of　knowing　where　each　thing　is　will　be　like　having　it　put　into　one's　hand　at　once　to　use　without　further　trouble　or　debate。〃

＇12＇　｛dokimasometha｝；　〃we　will　write　over　each　in　turn；　as　it　were；　　　　　'examined　and　approved。'〃

＇13＇　Lit。　〃will　miss　the　thing　that　is　not。〃

＇14＇　〃Detect　what　needs　attention。〃

I　must　tell　you；　Socrates；　what　strikes　me　as　the　finest　and　most　accurate　arrangement　of　goods　and　furniture　it　was　ever　my　fortune　to　set　eyes　on；　when　I　went　as　a　sightseer　on　board　the　great　Phoenician　merchantman；＇15＇　and　beheld　an　endless　quantity　of　goods　and　gear　of　all　sorts；　all　separately　packed　and　stowed　away　within　the　smallest　compass。＇16＇　I　need　scarce　remind　you　（he　said；　continuing　his　narrative）　what　a　vast　amount　of　wooden　spars　and　cables＇17＇　a　ship　depends　on　in　order　to　get　to　moorings；　or　again；　in　putting　out　to　sea；＇18＇　you　know　the　host　of　sails　and　cordage；　rigging＇19＇　as　they　call　it；　she　requires　for　sailing；　the　quantity　of　engines　and　machinery　of　all　sorts　she　is　armed　with　in　case　she　should　encounter　any　hostile　craft；　the　infinitude　of　arms　she　carries；　with　her　crew　of　fighting　men　aboard。　Then　all　the　vessels　and　utensils；　such　as　people　use　at　home　on　land；　required　for　the　different　messes；　form　a　portion　of　the　freight；　and　besides　all　this；　the　hold　is　heavy　laden　with　a　mass　of　merchandise；　the　cargo　proper；　which　the　master　carries　with　him　for　the　sake　of　traffic。

＇15＇　See　Lucian；　lxvi。　〃The　Ship；〃　ad　in。　（translated　by　S。　T。　Irwin）。

＇16＇　Lit。　〃in　the　tiniest　receptacle。〃

＇17＇　See　Holden　ad　loc。　re　｛xelina；　plekta；　kremasta｝。

＇18＇　〃In　weighing　anchor。〃

＇19＇　〃Suspended　tackle〃　（as　opposed　to　wooden　spars　and　masts；　etc。）

Well；　all　these　different　things　that　I　have　named　lay　packed　there　in　a　space　but　little　larger　than　a　fair…sized　dining…room。＇20＇　The　several　sorts；　moreover；　as　I　noticed；　lay　so　well　arranged；　there　could　be　no　entanglement　of　one　with　other；　nor　were　searchers　needed；＇21＇　and　if　all　were　snugly　stowed；　all　were　alike　get…at…　able；＇22＇　much　to　the　avoidance　of　delay　if　anything　were　wanted　on　the　instant。

＇20＇　Lit。　〃a　symmetrically…shaped　dining…room；　made　to　hold　ten　　　　　couches。〃

＇21＇　Lit。　〃a　searcher〃；　〃an　inquisitor。〃　Cf。　Shakesp。　〃Rom。　and　Jul。〃　　　　　V。　ii。　8。

＇22＇　Lit。　〃not　the　reverse　of　easy　to　unpack；　so　as　to　cause　a　waste　　　　　of　time　and　waiting。〃

Then　the　pilot's　mate＇23＇〃the　look…out　man　at　the　prow；〃　to　give　him　his　proper　titlewas；　I　found；　so　well　acquainted　with　the　place　for　everything　that；　even　off　the　ship；＇24＇　he　could　tell　you　where　each　set　of　things　was　laid　and　how　many　there　were　of　each；　just　as　well　as　any　one　who　knows　his　alphabet＇25＇　could　tell　you　how　many　letters　there　are　in　Socrates　and　the　order　in　which　they　stand。

＇23＇　Cf。　〃Pol。　Ath。〃　i。　1；　Aristoph。　〃Knights；〃　543　foll。

＇24＇　Or；　〃with　his　eyes　shut；　at　a　distance　he　could　say　exactly。〃

＇25＇　Or；　〃how　to　spell。〃　See　〃Mem。〃　IV。　iv。　7；　Plat。　〃Alc。〃　i。　113　A。

I　saw　this　same　man　（continued　Ischomachus）　examining　at　leisure＇26＇　everything　which　could　possibly＇27＇　be　needful　for　the　service　of　the　ship。　His　inspection　caused　me　such　surprise；　I　asked　him　what　he　was　doing；　whereupon　he　answered；　〃I　am　inspecting；　stranger；〃＇28＇　〃just　considering；〃　says　he；　〃the　way　the　things　are　lying　aboard　the　ship；　in　case　of　accidents；　you　know；　to　see　if　anything　is　missing；　or　not　lying　snug　and　shipshape。＇29＇　There　is　no　time　left；　you　know；〃　he　added；　〃when　God　mkes　a　tempest　in　the　great　deep；　to　set　about　searching　for　what　you　want；　or　to　be　giving　out　anything　which　is　not　snug　and　shipshape　in　its　place。　God　threatens　and　chastises　sluggards。＇30＇　If　only　He　destroy　not　innocent　with　guilty；　a　man　may　be　content；＇31＇　or　if　He　turn　and　save　all　hands　aboard　that　render　right　good　service；＇32＇　thanks　be　to　Heaven。〃＇33＇

＇26＇　〃Apparently　when　he　had　nothing　better　to　do〃；　〃by　way　of　　　　　amusement。〃

＇27＇　｛ara｝；　〃as　if　he　were　asking　himself；　'Would　this　or　this　　　　　possibly　be　wanted　for　the　ship's　service？'〃

＇28＇　〃Sir。〃

＇29＇　Or；　〃things　not　lying　handy　in　their　places。〃

＇30＇　Or；　〃them　that　are　slack。〃　Cf。　〃Anab。〃　V。　viii。　15；　〃Mem。〃　IV。　　　　　ii。　40；　Plat。　〃Gorg。〃　488　A：　〃The　dolt　and　good…for…nothing。〃

＇31＇　〃One　must　not　grumble。〃

＇32＇　〃The　whole　ship's　crew　right　nobly　serving。〃　｛uperetein｝　=　〃to　　　　　serve　at　the　oar〃　（metaphorically　=　to　do　service　to　heaven）。

＇33＇　Lit。　〃great　thanks　be　to　the　gods。〃

So　spoke　the　pilot's　mate；　and　I；　with　this　carefulness　of　stowage　still　before　my　eyes；　proceeded　to　enforce　my　thesis：

〃Stupid　in　all　conscience　would　it　be　on　our　parts；　my　wife；　if　those　who　sail　the　sea　in　ships；　that　are　but　small　things；　can　discover　space　and　place　for　everything；　can；　moreover；　in　spite　of　violent　tossings　up　and　down；　keep　order；　and；　even　while　their　hearts　are　failing　them　for　fear；　find　everything　they　need　to　hand；　whilst　we；　with　all　our　ample　storerooms＇34＇　diversely　disposed　for　divers　objects　in　our　mansion；　an　edifice　firmly　based＇35＇　on　solid　ground；　fail　to　discover　fair　and　fitting　places；　easy　of　access　for　our　several　goods！　Would　not　that　argue　great　lack　of　understanding　in　our　two　selves？　Well　then！　how　good　a　thing　it　is　to　have　a　fixed　and　orderly　arrangement　of　all　furniture　and　gear；　how　easy　also　in　a　dwelling…house　to　find　a　place　for　every　sort　of　goods；　in　which　to　stow　them　as　shall　suit　each　bestneeds　no　further　comment。　Rather　let　me　harp　upon　the　string　of　beautyimage　a　fair　scene：　the　boots　and　shoes　and　sandals；　and　so　forth；　all　laid　in　order　row　upon　row；　the　cloaks；　the　mantles；　and　the　rest　of　the　apparel　stowed　in　their　own　places；　the　coverlets　and　bedding；　the　copper　cauldrons；　and　all　the　articles　for　table　use！　Nay；　though　it　well　may　raise　a　smile　of　ridicule　（not　on　the　lips　of　a　grave　man　perhaps；　but　of　some　facetious　witling）　to　hear　me　sa