memoirs of napoleon bonaparte, v2-第12部分

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Directory；　hitherto　not　very　pacifically　inclined；　after　having　effected
a　'coup　d'etat'；　at　length　saw　the　necessity　of　appeasing　the
discontented　by　giving　peace　to　France。　　On　the　other　hand；　the　Cabinet
of　Vienna；　observing　the　complete　failure　of　all　the　royalist　plots　in
the　interior；　thought　it　high　time　to　conclude　with　the　French　Republic　a
treaty　which；　notwithstanding　all　the　defeats　Austria　had　sustained；
still　left　her　a　preponderating　influence　over　Italy。

Besides；　the　campaign　of　Italy；　so　fertile　in　glorious　achievements　of
arms；　had　not　been　productive　of　glory　alone。　　Something　of　greater
importance　followed　these　conquests。　　Public　affairs　had　assumed　a
somewhat　unusual　aspect；　and　a　grand　moral　influence；　the　effect　of
victories　and　of　peace；　had　begun　to　extend　all　over　France。
Republicanism　was　no　longer　so　sanguinary　and　fierce　as　it　had　been　some
years　before。　　Bonaparte；　negotiating　with　princes　and　their　ministers　on
a　footing　of　equality；　but　still　with　all　that　superiority　to　which
victory　and　his　genius　entitled　him；　gradually　taught　foreign　courts　to
be　familiar　with　Republican　France；　and　the　Republic　to　cease　regarding
all　States　governed　by　Kings　as　of　necessity　enemies。

In　these　circumstances　the　General…in…Chief's　departure　and　his　expected
visit　to　Paris　excited　general　attention。　　The　feeble　Directory　was
prepared　to　submit　to　the　presence　of　the　conqueror　of　Italy　in　the
capital。

It　was　for　the　purpose　of　acting　as　head　of　the　French　legation　at　the
Congress　of　Rastadt　that　Bonaparte　quitted　Milan　on　the　17th　of　November。
But　before　his　departure　he　sent　to　the　Directory　one　of　those　monuments；
the　inscriptions　on　which　may　generally　be　considered　as　fabulous；　but
which；　in　this　case；　were　nothing　but　the　truth。　　This　monument　was　the
〃flag　of　the　Army　of　Italy；〃　and　to　General　Joubert　was　assigned　the
honourable　duty　of　presenting　it　to　the　members　of　the　Executive
Government。

On　one　side　of　the　flag　were　the　words　〃To　the　Army　of　Italy；　the
grateful　country。〃　　The　other　contained　an　enumeration　of　the　battles
fought　and　places　taken；　and　presented；　in　the　following　inscriptions；　a
simple　but　striking　abridgment　of　the　history　of　the　Italian　campaign。

　　　　　150；000　PRISONERS；　170　STANDARDS；　550　PIECES　OF　SIEGE　ARTILLERY；
　　　　　6OO　PIECES　OF　FIELD　ARTILLERY；　FIVE　PONTOON　EQUIPAGES；　NINE　64…GUN
　　　　　SHIPS；　TWELVE　32…GUN　FRIGATES；　12　CORVETTES；　18　GALLEYS；　ARMISTICE
　　　　　WITH　THE　KING　OF　SARDINIA；　CONVENTION　WITH　GENOA；　ARMISTICE　WITH　THE
　　　　　DUKE　OF　PARMA；　ARMISTICE　WITH　THE　KING　OF　NAPLES；　ARMISTICE　WITH　THE
　　　　　POPE；　PRELIMINARIES　OF　LEOBEN；　CONVENTION　OF　MONTEBELLO　WITH　THE
　　　　　REPUBLIC　OF　GENOA；　TREATY　OF　PEACE　WITH　THE　EMPEROR　OF　GERMANY　AT
　　　　　CAMPO…FORMIO。

　　　　　LIBERTY　GIVEN　TO　THE　PEOPLE　OF　BOLOGNA；　FERRARA；　MODENA；　MASSA…
　　　　　CARRARA；　LA　ROMAGNA；　LOMBARD；　BRESCIA；　BERGAMO；　MANTUA；　CREMONA。
　　　　　PART　OF　THE　VERONESE；　CHIAVENA；　BORMIO；　THE　VALTELINE；　THE　GENOESE；
　　　　　THE　IMPERIAL　FIEFS；　THE　PEOPLE　OF　THE　DEPARTMENTS　OF　CORCYRA；　OF　THE
　　　　　AEGEAN　SEA；　AND　OF　ITHACA。

　　　　　SENT　TO　PARIS　ALL　THE　MASTERPIECES　OF　MICHAEL　ANGELO；　OF　GVERCINO；
　　　　　OF　TITIAN；　OF　PAUL　VERONESE；　OF　CORREGGIO；　OF　ALBANA；　OF　THE
　　　　　CARRACCI；　OF　RAPHAEL；　AND　OF　LEONARDO　DA　VINCI。


Thus　were　recapitulated　on　a　flag；　destined　to　decorate　the　Hall　of　the
Public　Sittings　of　the　Directory；　the　military　deeds　of　the　campaign　in
Italy；　its　political　results；　and　the　conquest　of　the　monuments　of　art。

Most　of　the　Italian　cities　looked　upon　their　conqueror　as　a　liberator…
such　was　the　magic　of　the　word　liberty；　which　resounded　from　the　Alps　to
the　Apennines。　　On　his　way　to　Mantua　the　General　took　up　his　residence　in
the　palace　of　the　ancient　dukes。　　Bonaparte　promised　the　authorities　of
Mantua　that　their　department　should　be　one　of　the　most　extensive；
impressed　on　them　the　necessity　of　promptly　organising　a　local　militia；
and　of　putting　in　execution　the　plans　of　Mari；　the　mathematician；　for　the
navigation　of　the　Mincio　from　Mantua　to　Peschiera。

He　stopped　two　days　at　Mantua；　and　the　morrow　of　his　arrival　was　devoted
to　the　celebration　of　a　military　funeral　solemnity；　in　honour　of　General
Hoche；　who　had　just　died。　　His　next　object　was　to　hasten　the　execution　of
the　monument　which　was　erecting　to　the　memory　of　Virgil。　　Thus；　in　one
day；　he　paid　honour　to　France　and　Italy；　to　modern　and　to　ancient　glory；
to　the　laurels　of　war　and　to　the　laurels　of　poetry。

A　person　who　saw　Bonaparte　on　this　occasion　for　the　first　time　thus
described　him　in　a　letter　he　wrote　to　Paris：〃With　lively　interest　and
extreme　attention　I　have　observed　this　extraordinary　man；　who　has
performed　such　great　deeds；　and　about　whom　there　is　something　which　seems
to　indicate　that　his　career　is　not　yet　terminated。　　I　found　him　very　like
his　portraitslittle；　thin；　pale；　with　an　air　of　fatigue；　but　not　of
ill…health；　as　has　been　reported　of　him。　　He　appears　to　me　to　listen　with
more　abstraction　than　interest；　and　that　he　was　more　occupied　with　what
he　was　thinking　of　than　with　what　was　said　to　him。　　There　is　great
intelligence　in　his　countenance；　along　with　which　may　be　marked　an　air　of
habitual　meditation；　which　reveals　nothing　of　what　is　passing　within。
In　that　thinking　head；　in　that　bold　mind；　it　is　impossible　not　to　believe
that　some　daring　designs　are　engendering　which　will　have　their　influence
an　the　destinies　of　Europe。〃

From　the　last　phrase；　in　particular；　of　this　letter；　one　might　suspect
that　it　was　written　after　Bonaparte　had　made　his　name　feared　throughout
Europe；　but　it　really　appeared　in　a　journal　in　the　month　of　December
1797；　a　little　before　his　arrival　in　Paris。

There　exists　a　sort　of　analogy　between　celebrated　men　and　celebrated
places；　it　was　not；　therefore；　an　uninteresting　spectacle　to　see
Bonaparte　surveying　the　field　of　Morat；　where；　in　1476；　Charles　the　Bold；
Duke　of　Burgundy；　daring　like　himself；　fell　with　his　powerful　army　under
the　effects　of　Helvetian　valour。　　Bonaparte　slept　during　the　night　at
Maudon；　where；　as　in　every　place　through　which　he　passed；　the　greatest
honours　were　paid　him。　　In　the　morning；　his　carriage　having　broken　down；
we　continued　our　journey　an　foot；　accompanied　only　by　some　officers　and
an　escort　of　dragoons　of　the　country。　　Bonaparte　stopped　near　the
Ossuary；　and　desired　to　be　shown　the　spot　where　the　battle　of　Morat　was
fought。　　A　plain　in　front　of　the　chapel　was　pointed　out　to　him。　　An
officer　who　had　served　in　France　was　present；　and　explained　to　him　how
the　Swiss；　descending　from　the　neighbouring　mountains；　were　enabled；
under　cover　of　a　wood；　to　turn　the　Burgundian　army　and　put　it　to　the
rout。　　〃What　was　the　force　of　that　army？〃　　asked　Bonaparte。〃Sixty
thousand　men。〃〃Sixty　thousand　men！〃　he　exclaimed：　〃they　ought　to　have
completely　covered　these　mountains！〃〃The　French　fight　better　now；〃　said
Lannes；　who　was　one　of　the　officers　of　his　suite。　　〃At　that　time；〃
observed　Bonaparte；　interrupting　him；　〃the　Burgundians　were　not
Frenchmen。〃

Bonaparte's　journey　through　Switzerland　was　not　without　utility；　and　his
presence　served　to　calm　more　than　one　inquietude。　　He　proceeded　on　his
journey　to　Rastadt　by　Aix　in　Savoy；　Berne；　and　Bale。　　On　arriving　at
Berne　during　night　we　passed　through　a　double　file　of　well…lighted
equipages；　filled　with　beautiful　women；　all　of　whom　raised　the　cry　of
〃Long　live；　Bonaparte！long　live　the　Pacificator！　　〃To　have　a　proper
idea　of　this　genuine　enthusiasm　it　is　necessary　to　have　seen　it。

The　position　in　society　to　which　his　services　had　raised　him　rendered　it
unfit　to　address　him　in　the　second　person　singular　and　the　familiar
manner　sometimes　used　by　his　old　schoolfellows　of　Brienne。　　I　thought；
this　very　natural。

M。　de　Cominges；　one　of　those　who　went　with　him　to　the　military　school　at
Paris；　and　who　had　emigrated；　was　at　Bale。　　Having　learned　our　arrival；
he　presented　himself　without　ceremony；　with　great　indecorum；　and　with　a
complete　disregard　of　the　respect　due　to　a　man　who　had　rendered　himself
so　illustrious。　　General　Bonaparte；　offended　at　this　behaviour；　refused
to　receive　him　again；　and　expressed　himself　to　me　with　much　warmth　on　the
occasion　of　this　visit。　　All　my　efforts　to　remove　his　displeasure　were
unavailing　this　impression　always　continued；　and　he　never　did　for　M。　de
Cominges　what　his　means　and　the　old　ties　of　boyhood　might　well　have
warranted。

On　arriving　at　Rastadt

　　　　　＇The　conference　for　the　formal　peace　with　the　Empire　of　Germany
　　　　　was　held　there。　　The　peace　of　Leoben　was　only　one　made　with
　　　　　Austria。＇

Bonaparte　found　a　letter　from　the　Directory　summoning　him　to　Paris。　　He
eagerly　obeyed　this　invitation；　which　drew　him　from　a　place　where　he
could　act　only　an　insignificant　part；　and　which　he　had　determined　to
leave　soon；　never　again　to　return。　　Some　time　after　his　arrival　in　Paris；
on　the　ground　that　his　presence　was　necessary　for　the　execution　of
different　orders；　and　the　general　despatch　of　business；　he　required　that
authority　should　be　given　to　a　part　of　his　household；　which　he　had　left
at　Rastadt；　to　return。

How　could　it　ever　be　said　that　the　Directory　〃kept　General　Bonaparte　away
from　the　great　interests　which　were　under　discussion　at　Rastadt〃？　　Quite
the　contrary！　　The　Directory　would　have　been　delighted　to　see　him　return
there；　as　they　would　then　have　been　relieved　from　his　presence　in　Paris；
but　nothing　was　so　disagreeable　to　Bonaparte　as　long　and　seemingly
interminable　negotiations。　　Such　tedious　work　did　not　suit　his　character；
and　he　had　been　sufficiently　disgusted　with　similar　proceedings　at　Campo…
Formio。

On　our　arrival　at　Rastadt　I　soon　found　that　General　Bonaparte　was
determined　to　stay　there　only　a　short　time。　　I　therefore　expressed　to　him
my　decided　desire　to　remain　in　Germany。　　I　was　then　ignorant　that　my
erasure　from　the　emigrant　list　had　been　ordered　on　the　11th　of　November；
as　the　decree　did　not　reach　the　commissary　of　the　Executive　Directory　at
Auxerre　until　the　17th　of　November；　the　day　of　our　departure　from　Milan。

The　silly　pretext　of　difficulties　by　which　my　erasure；　notwithstanding
the　reiterated　solicitations　of　the　victorious　General；　was　so　long
delayed