caesar-第10部分

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and　told　him　the　enemy　would　give　him　battle。　With　this　news　he　was



extremely　pleased；　and　having　performed　his　devotions　to　the　gods；　set



his　army　in　battle　array；　dividing　them　into　three　bodies。　Over　the



middlemost　he　placed　Domitius　Calvinus；　Antony　commanded　the　left



wing；　and　he　himself　the　right；　being　resolved　to　fight　at　the　head　of



the　tenth　legion。　But　when　he　saw　the　enemy's　cavalry　taking



position　against　him；　being　struck　with　their　fine　appearance　and



their　number；　he　gave　private　orders　that　six　cohorts　from　the　rear　of



the　army　should　come　and　join　him；　whom　he　posted　behind　the　right



wing；　and　instructed　them　what　they　should　do　when　the　enemy's　horse



came　to　charge。　On　the　other　side；　Pompey　commanded　the　right　wing；



Domitius　the　left；　and　Scipio；　Pompey's　father…in…law；　the　centre。　The



whole　weight　of　the　cavalry　was　collected　on　the　left　wing；　with　the



intent　that　they　should　outflank　the　right　wing　of　the　enemy；　and　rout



that　part　where　the　general　himself　commanded。　For　they　thought　no



phalanx　of　infantry　could　be　solid　enough　to　sustain　such　a　shock；　but



that　they　must　necessarily　be　broken　and　shattered　all　to　pieces



upon　the　onset　of　so　immense　a　force　of　cavalry。　When　they　were



ready　on　both　sides　to　give　the　signal　for　battle；　Pompey　commanded



his　foot；　who　were　in　the　front；　to　stand　their　ground；　and　without



breaking　their　order；　receive；　quietly；　the　enemy's　first　attack；　till



they　came　within　javelin's　cast。　Caesar；　in　this　respect；　also；　blames



Pompey's　generalship；　as　if　he　had　not　been　aware　how　the　first



encounter；　when　made　with　an　impetus　and　upon　the　run；　gives　weight



and　force　to　the　strokes；　and　fires　the　men's　spirits　into　a　flame；



which　the　general　concurrence　fans　to　full　heat。　He　himself　was　just



putting　the　troops　into　motion　and　advancing　to　the　action；　when　he



found　one　of　his　captains；　a　trusty　and　experienced　soldier；



encouraging　his　men　to　exert　their　utmost。　Caesar　called　him　by　his



name；　and　said；　〃What　hopes；　Caius　Crassinius；　and　what　grounds　for



encouragement？〃　Crassinius　stretched　out　his　hand；　and　cried　in　a　loud



voice；　〃We　shall　conquer　nobly；　Caesar；　and　I　this　day　will　deserve



your　praises；　either　alive　or　dead。〃　So　he　said；　and　was　the　first　man



to　run　in　upon　the　enemy；　followed　by　the　hundred　and　twenty



soldiers　about　him；　and　breaking　through　the　first　rank；　still　pressed



on　forwards　with　much　slaughter　of　the　enemy；　till　at　last　he　was



struck　back　by　the　wound　of　a　sword；　which　went　in　at　his　mouth　with



such　force　that　it　came　out　at　his　neck　behind。



　　Whilst　the　foot　was　thus　sharply　engaged　in　the　main　battle；　on



the　flank　Pompey's　horse　rode　up　confidently；　and　opened　their　ranks



very　wide；　that　they　might　surround　the　right　wing　of　Caesar。　But



before　they　engaged；　Caesar's　cohorts　rushed　out　and　attacked　them；



and　did　not　dart　their　javelins　at　a　distance；　nor　strike　at　the



thighs　and　legs；　as　they　usually　did　in　close　battle；　but　aimed　at



their　faces。　For　thus　Caesar　had　instructed　them；　in　hopes　that



young　gentlemen；　who　had　not　known　much　of　battles　and　wounds；　but



came　wearing　their　hair　long；　in　the　flower　of　their　age　and　height　of



their　beauty；　would　be　more　apprehensive　of　such　blows；　and　not　care



for　hazarding　both　a　danger　at　present　and　a　blemish　for　the　future。



And　so　it　proved；　for　they　were　so　far　from　bearing　the　stroke　of



the　javelins；　that　they　could　not　stand　the　sight　of　them；　but



turned　about；　and　covered　their　faces　to　secure　them。　Once　in



disorder；　presently　they　turned　about　to　fly；　and　so　most　shamefully



ruined　all。　For　those　who　had　beat　them　back　at　once　outflanked　the



infantry；　and　falling　on　their　rear；　cut　them　to　pieces。　Pompey；　who



commanded　the　other　wing　of　the　army；　when　he　saw　his　cavalry　thus



broken　and　flying；　was　no　longer　himself；　nor　did　he　now　remember　that



he　was　Pompey　the　Great；　but；　like　one　whom　some　god　had　deprived　of



his　senses；　retired　to　his　tent　without　speaking　a　word；　and　there　sat



to　expect　the　event；　till　the　whole　army　was　routed　and　the　enemy



appeared　upon　the　works　which　were　thrown　up　before　the　camp；　where



they　closely　engaged　with　his　men　who　were　posted　there　to　defend



it。　Then　first　he　seemed　to　have　recovered　his　senses；　and　uttering；



it　is　said；　only　these　words；　〃What；　into　the　camp　too？〃　he　laid　aside



his　general's　habit；　and　putting　on　such　clothes　as　might　best



favour　his　flight；　stole　off。　What　fortune　he　met　with　afterwards；　how



he　took　shelter　in　Egypt；　and　was　murdered　there；　we　tell　you　in　his



Life。



　　Caesar；　when　he　came　to　view　Pompey's　camp；　and　saw　some　of　his



opponents　dead　upon　the　ground；　others　dying；　said；　with　a　groan；



〃This　they　would　have；　they　brought　me　to　this　necessity。　I；　Caius



Caesar；　after　succeeding　in　so　many　wars；　had　been　condemned　had　I



dismissed　my　army。〃　These　words；　Pollio　says；　Caesar　spoke　in　Latin　at



that　time；　and　that　he　himself　wrote　them　in　Greek；　adding；　that　those



who　were　killed　at　the　taking　of　the　camp　were　most　of　them



servants；　and　that　not　above　six　thousand　soldiers　fell。　Caesar



incorporated　most　of　the　foot　whom　he　took　prisoners　with　his　own



legions；　and　gave　a　free　pardon　to　many　of　the　distinguished



persons；　and　amongst　the　rest　to　Brutus；　who　afterwards　killed　him。　He



did　not　immediately　appear　after　the　battle　was　over；　which　put



Caesar；　it　is　said；　into　great　anxiety　for　him；　nor　was　his　pleasure



less　when　he　saw　him　present　himself　alive。



　　There　were　many　prodigies　that　foreshadowed　this　victory；　but　the



most　remarkable　that　we　are　told　of　was　that　at　Tralles。　In　the　temple



of　Victory　stood　Caesar's　statue。　The　ground　on　which　it　stood　was



naturally　hard　and　solid；　and　the　stone　with　which　it　was　paved



still　harder；　yet　it　is　said　that　a　palm…tree　shot　itself　up　near



the　pedestal　of　this　statue。　In　the　city　of　Padua；　one　Caius



Cornelius；　who　had　the　character　of　a　good　augur；　the　fellow…citizen



and　acquaintance　of　Livy；　the　historian；　happened　to　be　making　some



augural　observations　that　very　day　when　the　battle　was　fought。　And



first；　as　Livy　tells　us；　he　pointed　out　the　time　of　the　fight；　and



said　to　those　who　were　by　him　that　just　then　the　battle　was　begun



and　the　men　engaged。　When　he　looked　a　second　time；　and　observed　the



omens；　he　leaped　up　as　if　he　had　been　inspired；　and　cried　out；



〃Caesar；　are　victorious。〃　This　much　surprised　the　standers…by；　but



he　took　the　garland　which　he　had　on　from　his　head；　and　swore　he



would　never　wear　it　again　till　the　event　should　give　authority　to



his　art。　This　Livy　positively　states　for　a　truth。



　　Caesar；　as　a　memorial　of　his　victory；　gave　the　Thessalians　their



freedom；　and　then　went　in　pursuit　of　Pompey。　When　he　was　come　into



Asia；　to　gratify　Theopompus；　the　author　of　the　collection　of　fables；



he　enfranchised　the　Cnidians；　and　remitted　one…third　of　their



tribute　to　all　the　people　of　the　province　of　Asia。　When　he　came　to



Alexandria；　where　Pompey　was　already　murdered；　he　would　not　look



upon　Theodotus；　who　presented　him　with　his　head；　but　taking　only　his



signet；　shed　tears。　Those　of　Pompey's　friends　who　had　been　arrested　by



the　King　of　Egypt；　as　they　were　wandering　in　those　parts；　he　relieved；



and　offered　them　his　own　friendship。　In　his　letter　to　his　friends　at



Rome；　he　told　them　that　the　greatest　and　most　signal　pleasure　his



victory　had　given　him　was　to　be　able　continually　to　save　the　lives



of　fellow…citizens　who　had　fought　against　him。　As　to　the　war　in　Egypt；



some　say　it　was　at　once　dangerous　and　dishonourable；　and　noways



necessary；　but　occasioned　only　by　his　passion　for　Cleopatra。　Others



blame　the　ministers　of　the　king；　and　especially　the　eunuch　Pothinus；



who　was　the　chief　favourite　and　had　lately　killed　Pompey；　who　had



banished　Cleopatra；　and　was　now　secretly　plotting　Caesar's　destruction



（to　prevent　which；　Caesar　from　that　time　began　to　sit　up　whole　nights；



under　pretence　of　drinking；　for　the　security　of　his　person）；　while



openly　he　was　intolerable　in　his　affronts　to　Caesar；　both　by　his　words



and　actions。　For　when　Caesar's　soldiers　had　musty　and　unwholesome　corn



measured　out　to　them；　Pothinus　told　them　they　must　be　content　with　it；



since　they　were　fed　at　another's　cost。　He　ordered　that　his　table



should　be　served　with　wooden　and　earthen　dishes；　and　said　Caesar　had



carried　off　all　the　gold　and　silver　plate；　under　pretence　of　arrears



of　debt。　For　the　present　king's　father　owed　Caesar　one　thousand



seven　hundred　and　fifty　myriads　of　money。　Caesar　had　formerly　remitted



to　his　children　the　rest；　but　thought　fit　to　demand　the　thousand



myriads　at　that　time　to　maintain　his　army。　Pothinus　told　him　that　he



had　better　go　now　and　attend　to　his　other　affairs　of　greater



consequence；　and　that　he　should　receive　his　money　at　another　time　with



thanks。　Caesar　replied　that　he　did　not　want　Egyptians　to　be　his



counsellors；　and　soon　after　privately　sent　for　Cleopatra　from　her



retirement。



　　She　took　a　small　boat；　and　one　only　of　her　confidants；



Apollodorus；　the　Sicilian；　along　with　her；　and　in　the　dusk　of　the



evening　landed　near　the　palace。　She　was　at　a　loss　how　to　get　in



undiscovered；　till　she　thought　of　putting　herself　into　the　coverlet　of



a　bed　and　lying　at　length；　whilst　Apollodorus　tied　up　the　bedding



and　carried　it　on　his　back　through　the　gates　to　Caesar's　apartment。



Caesar　was　first　captivated　by　this　proof　of　Cleopatra's　bold　wit；　and



was　afterwards　so　overcome　by　the　charm　of　her　society　that　he　made



a　reconciliation　between　her　and　her　brother；　on　the　condition　that



she　should　rule　as　his　colleague　in　the　kingdom。　A　festival　was　kept



to　celebrate　this　reconciliation；　where　Caesar's　barber；　a　busy



listening　fellow；　w