ÓÑÇéÌáʾ£ºÈç¹û±¾ÍøÒ³´ò¿ªÌ«Âý»òÏÔʾ²»ÍêÕû£¬Çë³¢ÊÔÊó±êÓÒ¼ü¡°Ë¢Ð¡±±¾ÍøÒ³£¡
the soul of the indian(ÓÈ°²ÈËÖ®»ê)-µÚ7²¿·Ö
¿ì½Ý²Ù×÷: °´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·ҳ °´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ °´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿! Èç¹û±¾ÊéûÓÐÔĶÁÍ꣬ÏëÏ´μÌÐø½Ó×ÅÔĶÁ£¬¿ÉʹÓÃÉÏ·½ "Êղص½ÎÒµÄä¯ÀÀÆ÷" ¹¦ÄÜ ºÍ "¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©" ¹¦ÄÜ£¡
creation£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡Indian¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡adopted¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡this¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡animal¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¨totem£»¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
emblematic¡¡device¡¡of¡¡his¡¡society£»¡¡family£»¡¡or¡¡clan¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡It¡¡is¡¡probable¡¡that¡¡the¡¡
creature¡¡chosen¡¡was¡¡the¡¡traditional¡¡ancestress£»¡¡as¡¡we¡¡are¡¡told¡¡that¡¡the¡¡First¡¡
Man¡¡had¡¡many¡¡wives¡¡among¡¡the¡¡animal¡¡people¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡sacred¡¡beast£»¡¡bird£»¡¡
or¡¡reptile£»¡¡represented¡¡by¡¡its¡¡stuffed¡¡skin£»¡¡or¡¡by¡¡a¡¡rude¡¡painting£»¡¡was¡¡treated¡¡
with¡¡¡¡¡¡reverence¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡carried¡¡¡¡¡¡into¡¡¡¡¡¡battle¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡insure¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡guardianship¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
spirits¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡symbolic¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡attribute¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡beaver£»¡¡¡¡¡¡bear£»¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡tortoise£»¡¡¡¡¡¡such¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡
wisdom£»¡¡cunning£»¡¡courage£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡like£»¡¡was¡¡supposed¡¡to¡¡be¡¡mysteriously¡¡
conferred¡¡¡¡¡¡upon¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡wearer¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡badge¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡¡¡totem¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡¡¡charm¡¡¡¡¡¡used¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡
medicine¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ordinarily¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡medicine¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡lodge¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
practitioner¡¡belonged£»¡¡though¡¡there¡¡were¡¡some¡¡great¡¡men¡¡who¡¡boasted¡¡a¡¡
special¡¡revelation¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡There¡¡are¡¡two¡¡ceremonial¡¡usages¡¡which£»¡¡so¡¡far¡¡as¡¡I¡¡have¡¡been¡¡able¡¡to¡¡
ascertain£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡were¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡universal¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡among¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡American¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Indians£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡apparently¡¡
fundamental¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡These¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡already¡¡¡¡been¡¡¡¡¡¡referred¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨eneepee£»¡¨¡¡or¡¡
vapor¡bath£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡¡¨chan¡du¡hu¡pah¡yu¡za¡pee£»¡¨¡¡or¡¡ceremonial¡¡of¡¡the¡¡pipe¡£¡¡
In¡¡our¡¡Siouan¡¡legends¡¡and¡¡traditions¡¡these¡¡two¡¡are¡¡preeminent£»¡¡as¡¡handed¡¡
down¡¡from¡¡the¡¡most¡¡ancient¡¡time¡¡and¡¡persisting¡¡to¡¡the¡¡last¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡25¡¡
¡¡¡Page¡¡26¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡THE¡¡SOUL¡¡OF¡¡THE¡¡INDIAN¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡In¡¡our¡¡Creation¡¡myth¡¡or¡¡story¡¡of¡¡the¡¡First¡¡Man£»¡¡the¡¡vapor¡bath¡¡was¡¡the¡¡
magic¡¡¡¡¡¡used¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡one¡who¡was¡First¡Created£»¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡give¡¡¡¡¡¡life¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡dead¡¡
bones¡¡of¡¡his¡¡younger¡¡brother£»¡¡who¡¡had¡¡been¡¡slain¡¡by¡¡the¡¡monsters¡¡of¡¡the¡¡
deep¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Upon¡¡the¡¡shore¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Great¡¡Water¡¡he¡¡dug¡¡two¡¡round¡¡holes£»¡¡over¡¡
one¡¡of¡¡which¡¡he¡¡built¡¡a¡¡low¡¡enclosure¡¡of¡¡fragrant¡¡cedar¡¡boughs£»¡¡and¡¡here¡¡
he¡¡gathered¡¡together¡¡the¡¡bones¡¡of¡¡his¡¡brother¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡In¡¡the¡¡other¡¡pit¡¡he¡¡made¡¡a¡¡
fire¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡heated¡¡¡¡¡¡four¡¡¡¡¡¡round¡¡¡¡¡¡stones£»¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡¡¡rolled¡¡¡¡¡¡one¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡one¡¡¡¡¡¡into¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
lodge¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡boughs¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Having¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡closed¡¡¡¡¡¡every¡¡¡¡¡¡aperture¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡save¡¡¡¡¡¡one£»¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡sang¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡
mystic¡¡¡¡¡¡chant¡¡¡¡¡¡while¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡¡¡thrust¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡arm¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡sprinkled¡¡¡¡¡¡water¡¡¡¡¡¡upon¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
stones¡¡with¡¡a¡¡bunch¡¡of¡¡sage¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Immediately¡¡steam¡¡arose£»¡¡and¡¡as¡¡the¡¡legend¡¡
says£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨there¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡an¡¡¡¡¡¡appearance¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡life¡£¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡A¡¡¡¡¡¡second¡¡¡¡¡¡time¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡¡¡sprinkled¡¡
water£»¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡dry¡¡¡¡bones¡¡¡¡¡¡rattled¡¡¡¡¡¡together¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡third¡¡¡¡¡¡time¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡¡¡seemed¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡
hear¡¡¡¡¡¡soft¡¡¡¡¡¡singing¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡within¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡lodge£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡fourth¡¡¡¡¡¡time¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡voice¡¡
exclaimed£º¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨Brother£»¡¡¡¡¡¡let¡¡¡¡¡¡me¡¡¡¡¡¡out£¡¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨It¡¡¡¡¡¡should¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡noted¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡number¡¡
four¡¡is¡¡the¡¡magic¡¡or¡¡sacred¡¡number¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Indian¡££©¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡This¡¡story¡¡gives¡¡the¡¡traditional¡¡origin¡¡of¡¡the¡¡¡¨eneepee£»¡¨¡¡which¡¡has¡¡ever¡¡
since¡¡been¡¡deemed¡¡essential¡¡to¡¡the¡¡Indian's¡¡effort¡¡to¡¡purify¡¡and¡¡recreate¡¡his¡¡
spirit¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡It¡¡is¡¡used¡¡both¡¡by¡¡the¡¡doctor¡¡and¡¡by¡¡his¡¡patient¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Every¡¡man¡¡must¡¡
enter¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡cleansing¡¡¡¡¡¡bath¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡take¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡cold¡¡¡¡¡¡plunge¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡follows£»¡¡¡¡¡¡when¡¡
preparing¡¡for¡¡any¡¡spiritual¡¡crisis£»¡¡for¡¡possible¡¡death£»¡¡or¡¡imminent¡¡danger¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Not¡¡only¡¡the¡¡¡¨eneepee¡¨¡¡itself£»¡¡but¡¡everything¡¡used¡¡in¡¡connection¡¡with¡¡
the¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡mysterious¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡event£»¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡aromatic¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡cedar¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡sage£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡water£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡
especially¡¡the¡¡water¡worn¡¡boulders£»¡¡are¡¡regarded¡¡as¡¡sacred£»¡¡or¡¡at¡¡the¡¡least¡¡
adapted¡¡to¡¡a¡¡spiritual¡¡use¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡For¡¡the¡¡rock¡¡we¡¡have¡¡a¡¡special¡¡reverent¡¡name¡¡
¡¨Tunkan£»¡¨¡¡a¡¡contraction¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Sioux¡¡word¡¡for¡¡Grandfather¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡natural¡¡boulder¡¡enters¡¡into¡¡many¡¡of¡¡our¡¡solemn¡¡ceremonials£»¡¡such¡¡
as¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨Rain¡¡¡¡¡¡Dance£»¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨Feast¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Virgins¡£¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡¡¡lone¡¡¡¡¡¡hunter¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡
warrior¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡reverently¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡holds¡¡¡¡¡¡up¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡filled¡¡¡¡¡¡pipe¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¨Tunkan£»¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡solitary¡¡
commemoration¡¡of¡¡a¡¡miracle¡¡which¡¡to¡¡him¡¡is¡¡as¡¡authentic¡¡and¡¡holy¡¡as¡¡the¡¡
raising¡¡of¡¡Lazarus¡¡to¡¡the¡¡devout¡¡Christian¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡There¡¡is¡¡a¡¡legend¡¡that¡¡the¡¡First¡¡Man¡¡fell¡¡sick£»¡¡and¡¡was¡¡taught¡¡by¡¡his¡¡
Elder¡¡Brother¡¡the¡¡ceremonial¡¡use¡¡of¡¡the¡¡pipe£»¡¡in¡¡a¡¡prayer¡¡to¡¡the¡¡spirits¡¡for¡¡
ease¡¡and¡¡relief¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡This¡¡simple¡¡ceremony¡¡is¡¡the¡¡commonest¡¡daily¡¡expression¡¡
of¡¡thanks¡¡or¡¡¡¨grace£»¡¨¡¡as¡¡well¡¡as¡¡an¡¡oath¡¡of¡¡loyalty¡¡and¡¡good¡¡faith¡¡when¡¡the¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡26¡¡
¡¡¡Page¡¡27¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡THE¡¡SOUL¡¡OF¡¡THE¡¡INDIAN¡¡
warrior¡¡goes¡¡forth¡¡upon¡¡some¡¡perilous¡¡enterprise£»¡¡and¡¡it¡¡enters¡¡even¡¡into¡¡
his¡¡¡¨hambeday£»¡¨¡¡or¡¡solitary¡¡prayer£»¡¡ascending¡¡as¡¡a¡¡rising¡¡vapor¡¡or¡¡incense¡¡
to¡¡the¡¡Father¡¡of¡¡Spirits¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡In¡¡all¡¡the¡¡war¡¡ceremonies¡¡and¡¡in¡¡medicine¡¡a¡¡special¡¡pipe¡¡is¡¡used£»¡¡but¡¡at¡¡
home¡¡or¡¡on¡¡the¡¡hunt¡¡the¡¡warrior¡¡employs¡¡his¡¡own¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡pulverized¡¡weed¡¡
is¡¡mixed¡¡with¡¡aromatic¡¡bark¡¡of¡¡the¡¡red¡¡willow£»¡¡and¡¡pressed¡¡lightly¡¡into¡¡the¡¡
bowl¡¡of¡¡the¡¡long¡¡stone¡¡pipe¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡worshiper¡¡lights¡¡it¡¡gravely¡¡and¡¡takes¡¡a¡¡
whiff¡¡or¡¡two£»¡¡then£»¡¡standing¡¡erect£»¡¡he¡¡holds¡¡it¡¡silently¡¡toward¡¡the¡¡Sun£»¡¡our¡¡
father£»¡¡and¡¡toward¡¡the¡¡earth£»¡¡our¡¡mother¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡There¡¡are¡¡modern¡¡variations£»¡¡as¡¡
holding¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡pipe¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Four¡¡¡¡¡¡Winds£»¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Fire£»¡¡¡¡¡¡Water£»¡¡¡¡¡¡Rock£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡other¡¡
elements¡¡or¡¡objects¡¡of¡¡reverence¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡There¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡¡¡many¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡religious¡¡¡¡¡¡festivals¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡¡¡¡¡local¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡special¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡
character£»¡¡¡¡¡¡embodying¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡prayer¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡¡¡success¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡hunting¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡¡¡warfare£»¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡
rain¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡bountiful¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡harvests£»¡¡¡¡¡¡but¡¡¡¡¡¡these¡¡¡¡¡¡two¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡sacraments¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡our¡¡
religion¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡For¡¡¡¡¡¡baptism¡¡¡¡¡¡we¡¡¡¡¡¡substitute¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨eneepee£»¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡purification¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡
vapor£»¡¡and¡¡in¡¡our¡¡holy¡¡communion¡¡we¡¡partake¡¡of¡¡the¡¡soothing¡¡incense¡¡of¡¡
tobacco¡¡in¡¡the¡¡stead¡¡of¡¡bread¡¡and¡¡wine¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡27¡¡
¡¡¡Page¡¡28¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡THE¡¡SOUL¡¡OF¡¡THE¡¡INDIAN¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡IV¡¡BARBARISM¡¡AND¡¡THE¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡MORAL¡¡CODE¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Silence¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Corner¡Stone¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡Character¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Basic¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Ideas¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡Morality¡£¡¡
¡¨Give¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡All¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡Nothing£¡¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Rules¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Honorable¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Warfare¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡An¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Indian¡¡
Conception¡¡of¡¡Courage¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Long¡¡before¡¡I¡¡ever¡¡heard¡¡of¡¡Christ£»¡¡or¡¡saw¡¡a¡¡white¡¡man£»¡¡I¡¡had¡¡learned¡¡
from¡¡an¡¡untutored¡¡woman¡¡the¡¡essence¡¡of¡¡morality¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡With¡¡the¡¡help¡¡of¡¡dear¡¡
Nature¡¡herself£»¡¡she¡¡taught¡¡me¡¡things¡¡simple¡¡but¡¡of¡¡mighty¡¡import¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡knew¡¡
God¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡perceived¡¡¡¡¡¡what¡¡¡¡¡¡goodness¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡saw¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡loved¡¡¡¡¡¡what¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡really¡¡
beautiful¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Civilization¡¡has¡¡not¡¡taught¡¡me¡¡anything¡¡better£¡¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡As¡¡a¡¡child£»¡¡I¡¡understood¡¡how¡¡to¡¡give£»¡¡I¡¡have¡¡forgotten¡¡that¡¡grace¡¡since¡¡
I¡¡¡¡¡¡became¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡civilized¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡lived¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡natural¡¡¡¡¡¡life£»¡¡¡¡whereas¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡now¡¡¡¡¡¡live¡¡¡¡the¡¡
artificial¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡Any¡¡pretty¡¡pebble¡¡was¡¡valuable¡¡to¡¡me¡¡then£»¡¡every¡¡growing¡¡tree¡¡
an¡¡¡¡¡¡object¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡reverence¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Now¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡worship¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡white¡¡¡¡¡¡man¡¡¡¡¡¡before¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡
painted¡¡landscape¡¡whose¡¡value¡¡is¡¡estimated¡¡in¡¡dollars£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Thus¡¡the¡¡Indian¡¡is¡¡
reconstructed£»¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡natural¡¡¡¡¡¡rocks¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡ground¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡powder£»¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡made¡¡¡¡¡¡into¡¡
artificial¡¡blocks¡¡which¡¡may¡¡be¡¡built¡¡into¡¡the¡¡walls¡¡of¡¡modern¡¡society¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡first¡¡¡¡American¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡mingled¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡pride¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡singular¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡humility¡£¡¡
Spiritual¡¡¡¡¡¡arrogance¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡foreign¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡nature¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡teaching¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡He¡¡¡¡¡¡never¡¡
claimed¡¡that¡¡the¡¡power¡¡of¡¡articulate¡¡speech¡¡was¡¡proof¡¡of¡¡superiority¡¡over¡¡
the¡¡¡¡¡¡dumb¡¡¡¡¡¡creation£»¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡other¡¡¡¡¡¡hand£»¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡him¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡perilous¡¡¡¡¡¡gift¡£¡¡He¡¡
believes¡¡profoundly¡¡in¡¡silencethe¡¡sign¡¡of¡¡a¡¡perfect¡¡equilibrium¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Silence¡¡
is¡¡the¡¡absolute¡¡poise¡¡or¡¡balance¡¡of¡¡body£»¡¡mind£»¡¡and¡¡spirit¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡man¡¡who¡¡
preserves¡¡his¡¡selfhood¡¡ever¡¡calm¡¡and¡¡unshaken¡¡by¡¡the¡¡storms¡¡of¡¡existence¡¡¡
¡not¡¡a¡¡leaf£»¡¡as¡¡it¡¡were£»¡¡astir¡¡on¡¡the¡¡tree£»¡¡not¡¡a¡¡ripple¡¡upon¡¡the¡¡surface¡¡of¡¡
shining¡¡poolhis£»¡¡in¡¡the¡¡mind¡¡of¡¡the¡¡unlettered¡¡sage£»¡¡is¡¡the¡¡ideal¡¡attitude¡¡
and¡¡conduct¡¡of¡¡life¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡If¡¡¡¡¡¡you¡¡¡¡¡¡ask¡¡¡¡¡¡him£º¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨What¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡silence£¿¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡¡¡will¡¡¡¡¡¡answer£º¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨It¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Great¡¡
Mystery£¡¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨The¡¡holy¡¡silence¡¡is¡¡His¡¡voice£¡¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡If¡¡you¡¡ask£º¡¡¡¨What¡¡are¡¡the¡¡
fruits¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡silence£¿¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡¡¡will¡¡¡¡¡¡say£º¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨They¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡¡¡¡¡self¡control£»¡¡¡¡¡¡true¡¡¡¡¡¡courage¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡
endurance£»¡¡patience£»¡¡dignity£»¡¡and¡¡reverence¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Silence¡¡is¡¡the¡¡cornerstone¡¡of¡¡
character¡£¡¨¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡28¡¡
¡¡¡Page¡¡29¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡THE¡¡SOUL¡¡OF¡¡THE¡¡INDIAN¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨Guard¡¡your¡¡tongue¡¡in¡¡youth£»¡¨¡¡said¡¡the¡¡old¡¡chief£»¡¡Wabashaw£»¡¡¡¨and¡¡in¡¡
age¡¡you¡¡may¡¡mature¡¡a¡¡thought¡¡that¡¡will¡¡be¡¡of¡¡service¡¡to¡¡your¡¡people£¡¡¨¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡moment¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡man¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡conceived¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡perfect¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡body£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡supple£»¡¡
symmetrical£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡graceful£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡enduringin¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡moment¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡¡¡had¡¡¡¡¡¡laid¡¡¡¡the¡¡
foundation¡¡of¡¡a¡¡moral¡¡life£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡No¡¡man¡¡can¡¡hope¡¡to¡¡maintain¡¡such¡¡a¡¡temple¡¡
of¡¡the¡¡spirit¡¡beyond¡¡the¡¡period¡¡of¡¡adolescence£»¡¡unless¡¡he¡¡is¡¡able¡¡to¡¡curb¡¡his¡¡
indulgence¡¡in¡¡the¡¡pleasures¡¡of¡¡the¡¡senses¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Upon¡¡this¡¡truth¡¡the¡¡Indian¡¡built¡¡
a¡¡rigid¡¡system¡¡of¡¡physical¡¡training£»¡¡a¡¡social¡¡and¡¡moral¡¡code¡¡that¡¡was¡¡the¡¡
law¡¡of¡¡his¡¡life¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡There¡¡was¡¡aroused¡¡in¡¡him¡¡as¡¡a¡¡child¡¡a¡¡high¡¡ideal¡¡of¡¡manly¡¡strength¡¡and¡¡
beauty£»¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡attainment¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡must¡¡¡¡¡¡depend¡¡¡¡¡¡upon¡¡¡¡¡¡strict¡¡¡¡¡¡temperance¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡
eating¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡sexual¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡relation£»¡¡¡¡together¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡severe¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡persistent¡¡
exercise¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡He¡¡desired¡¡to¡¡be¡¡a¡¡worthy¡¡link¡¡in¡¡the¡¡generations£»¡¡and¡¡that¡¡he¡¡
might¡¡not¡¡destroy¡¡by¡¡his¡¡weakness¡¡that¡¡vigor¡¡and¡¡purity¡¡of¡¡blood¡¡which¡¡
had¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡been¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡achieved¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡cost¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡much¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡self¡denial¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡long¡¡¡¡¡¡line¡¡¡¡of¡¡
ancestors¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡He¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡required¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡fast¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡time¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡time¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡¡¡short¡¡¡¡¡¡periods£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡
work¡¡off¡¡his¡¡superfluous¡¡energy¡¡by¡¡means¡¡of¡¡hard¡¡running£»¡¡swimming£»¡¡and¡¡
the¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡vapor¡bath¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡bodily¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡fatigue¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡thus¡¡¡¡¡¡induced£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡especially¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡when¡¡
¿ì½Ý²Ù×÷: °´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·ҳ °´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ °´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿!
ÎÂÜ°Ìáʾ£º ο´Ð¡ËµµÄͬʱ·¢±íÆÀÂÛ£¬Ëµ³ö×Ô¼ºµÄ¿´·¨ºÍÆäËüС»ï°éÃÇ·ÖÏíÒ²²»´íŶ£¡·¢±íÊéÆÀ»¹¿ÉÒÔ»ñµÃ»ý·ÖºÍ¾Ñé½±Àø£¬ÈÏÕæдԴ´ÊéÆÀ ±»²ÉÄÉΪ¾«ÆÀ¿ÉÒÔ»ñµÃ´óÁ¿½ð±Ò¡¢»ý·ÖºÍ¾Ñé½±ÀøŶ£¡