valerius terminus-第4部分

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of　words；　phrases；　and　tropes；　they　might　have　found　out　more　and
better　footsteps　of　common　reason；　help　of　disputation；　and
advantages　of　cavillation；　than　many　of　these　which　they　have
propounded。　　So　again　a　man　should　be　thought　to　dally；　if　he　did
note　how　the　figures　of　rhetoric　and　music　are　many　of　them　the　same。
The　repetitions　and　traductions　in　speech　and　the　reports　and
hauntings　of　sounds　in　music　are　the　very　same　things。　　Plutarch　hath
almost　made　a　book　of　the　Lacedaemonian　kind　of　jesting；　which　joined
ever　pleasure　with　distaste。　　SIR；　（saith　a　man　of　art　to　Philip　king
of　Macedon　when　he　controlled　him　in　his　faculty；）　GOD　FORBID　YOUR
FORTUNE　SHOULD　BE　SUCH　AS　TO　KNOW　THESE　THINGS　BETTER　THAN　I。　In
taxing　his　ignorance　in　his　art　he　represented　to　him　the　perpetual
greatness　of　his　fortune；　leaving　him　no　vacant　time　for　so　mean　a
skill。　　Now　in　music　it　is　one　of　the　ordinariest　flowers　to　fall
from　a　discord　or　hard　tune　upon　a　sweet　accord。　　The　figure　that
Cicero　and　the　rest　commend　as　one　of　the　best　points　of　elegancy；
which　is　the　fine　checking　of　expectation；　is　no　less　well　known　to
the　musicians　when　they　have　a　special　grace　in　flying　the　close　or
cadence。　　And　these　are　no　allusions　but　direct　communities；　the　same
delights　of　the　mind　being　to　be　found　not　only　in　music；　rhetoric；
but　in　moral　philosophy；　policy；　and　other　knowledges；　and　that
obscure　in　the　one；　which　is　more　apparent　in　the　other；　yea　and　that
discovered　in　the　one　which　is　not　found　at　all　in　the　other；　and　so
one　science　greatly　aiding　to　the　invention　and　augmentation　of
another。　　And　therefore　without　this　intercourse　the　axioms　of
sciences　will　fall　out　to　be　neither　full　nor　true；　but　will　be　such
opinions　as　Aristotle　in　some　places　doth　wisely　censure；　when　he
saith　THESE　ARE　THE　OPINIONS　OF　PERSONS　THAT　HAVE　RESPECT　BUT　TO　A
FEW　THINGS。　So　then　we　see　that　this　note　leadeth　us　to　an
administration　of　knowledge　in　some　such　order　and　policy　as　the　king
of　Spain　in　regard　of　his　great　dominions　useth　in　state；　who　though
he　hath　particular　councils　for　several　countries　and　affairs；　yet
hath　one　council　of　State　or　last　resort；　that　receiveth　the
advertisements　and　certificates　from　all　the　rest。　　Hitherto　of　the
diversion；　succession；　and　conference　of　wits。




CAP。　9。


THAT　THE　END　AND　SCOPE　OF　KNOWLEDGE　HATH　BEEN　GENERALLY　MISTAKEN；　AND
THAT　MEN　WERE　NEVER　WELL　ADVISED　WHAT　IT　WAS　THEY　SOUGHT；　BEING　THE
9TH　CHAPTER；　WHEREOF　A　FRAGMENT　（WHICH　IS　THE　END　OF　THE　SAME
CHAPTER）　IS　BEFORE。


It　appeareth　then　how　rarely　the　wits　and　labours　of　men　have　been
converted　to　the　severe　and　original　inquisition　of　knowledge；　and　in
those　who　have　pretended；　what　hurt　hath　been　done　by　the　affectation
of　professors　and　the　distraction　of　such　as　were　no　professors；　and
how　there　was　never　in　effect　any　conjunction　or　combination　of　wits
in　the　first　and　inducing　search；　but　that　every　man　wrought　apart；
and　would　either　have　his　own　way　or　else　would　go　no　further　than
his　guide；　having　in　the　one　case　the　honour　of　a　first；　and　in　the
other　the　ease　of　a　second；　and　lastly　how　in　the　descent　and
continuance　of　wits　and　labours　the　succession　hath　been　in　the　most
popular　and　weak　opinions；　like　unto　the　weakest　natures　which　many
times　have　most　children；　and　in　them　also　the　condition　of
succession　hath　been　rather　to　defend　and　to　adorn　than　to　add；　and
if　to　add；　yet　that　addition　to　be　rather　a　refining　of　a　part　than
an　increase　of　the　whole。　　But　the　impediments　of　time　and　accidents；
though　they　have　wrought　a　general　indisposition；　yet　are　they　not　so
peremptory　and　binding　as　the　internal　impediments　and　clouds　in　the
mind　and　spirit　of　man；　whereof　it　now　followeth　to　speak。

The　Scripture　speaking　of　the　worst　sort　of　error　saith；　ERRARE　FECIT
COS　IN　INVIO　ET　NON　IN　VIA。　For　a　man　may　wander　in　the　way；　by
rounding　up　and　down。　　But　if　men　have　failed　in　their　very　direction
and　address　that　error　will　never　by　good　fortune　correct　itself。
Now　it　hath　fared　with　men　in　their　contemplations　as　Seneca　saith　it
fareth　with　them　in　their　actions；　DE　PARTIBUS　VITAE　QUISQUE
DELIBERAT；　DE　SUMMA　NEMO。　A　course　very　ordinary　with　men　who　receive
for　the　most　part　their　final　ends　from　the　inclination　of　their
nature；　or　from　common　example　and　opinion；　never　questioning　or
examining　them；　nor　reducing　them　to　any　clear　certainty；　and　use
only　to　call　themselves　to　account　and　deliberation　touching　the
means　and　second　ends；　and　thereby　set　themselves　in　the　right　way　to
the　wrong　place。　　So　likewise　upon　the　natural　curiosity　and　desire
to　know；　they　have　put　themselves　in　way　without　foresight　or
consideration　of　their　journey's　end。

For　I　find　that　even　those　that　have　sought　knowledge　for　itself；　and
not　for　benefit　or　ostentation　or　any　practical　enablement　in　the
course　of　their　life；　have　nevertheless　propounded　to　themselves　a
wrong　mark；　namely　satisfaction　（which　men　call　truth）　and　not
operation。　　For　as　in　the　courts　and　services　of　princes　and　states
it　is　a　much　easier　matter　to　give　satisfaction　than　to　do　the
business；　so　in　the　inquiring　of　causes　and　reasons　it　is　much　easier
to　find　out　such　causes　as　will　satisfy　the　mind　of　man　and　quiet
objections；　than　such　causes　as　will　direct　him　and　give　him　light　to
new　experiences　and　inventions。　　And　this　did　Celsus　note　wisely　and
truly；　how　that　the　causes　which　are　in　use　and　whereof　the
knowledges　now　received　do　consist；　were　in　time　minors　and
subsequents　to　the　knowledge　of　the　particulars　out　of　which　they
were　induced　and　collected；　and　that　it　was　not　the　light　of　those
causes　which　discovered　particulars；　but　only　the　particulars　being
first　found；　men　did　fall　on　glossing　and　discoursing　of　the　causes；
which　is　the　reason　why　the　learning　that　now　is　hath　the　curse　of
barrenness；　and　is　courtesanlike；　for　pleasure；　and　not　for　fruit。
Nay　to　compare　it　rightly；　the　strange　fiction　of　the　poets　of　the
transformation　of　Scylla　seemeth　to　be　a　lively　emblem　of　this
philosophy　and　knowledge；　a　fair　woman　upwards　in　the　parts　of　show；
but　when　you　come　to　the　parts　of　use　and　generation；　Barking
Monsters；　for　no　better　are　the　endless　distorted　questions；　which
ever　have　been；　and　of　necessity　must　be；　the　end　and　womb　of　such
knowledge。

But　yet　nevertheless　here　I　may　be　mistaken；　by　reason　of　some　which
have　much　in　their　pen　the　referring　sciences　to　action　and　the　use
of　man；　which　mean　quite　another　matter　than　I　do。　　For　they　mean　a
contriving　of　directions　and　precepts　for　readiness　of　practice；
which　I　discommend　not；　so　it　be　not　occasion　that　some　quantity　of
the　science　be　lost；　for　else　it　will　be　such　a　piece　of　husbandry　as
to　put　away　a　manor　lying　somewhat　scattered；　to　buy　in　a　close　that
lieth　handsomely　about　a　dwelling。　　But　my　intention　contrariwise　is
to　increase　and　multiply　the　revenues　and　possessions　of　man；　and　not
to　trim　up　only　or　order　with　conveniency　the　grounds　whereof　he　is
already　stated。　　Wherefore　the　better　to　make　myself　understood　that
I　mean　nothing　less　than　words；　and　directly　to　demonstrate　the　point
which　we　are　now　upon；　that　is；　what　is　the　true　end；　scope；　or
office　of　knowledge；　which　I　have　set　down　to　consist　not　in　any
plausible；　delectable；　reverend；　or　admired　discourse；　or　any
satisfactory　arguments；　but　in　effecting　and　working；　and　in
discovery　of　particulars　not　revealed　before　for　the　better　endowment
and　help　of　man's　life；　I　have　thought　good　to　make　as　it　were　a
Kalendar　or　Inventory　of　the　wealth；　furniture；　or　means　of　man
according　to　his　present　estate；　as　far　as　it　is　known；　which　I　do
not　to　shew　any　universality　of　sense　or　knowledge；　and　much　less　to
make　a　satire　of　reprehension　in　respect　of　wants　and　errors；　but
partly　because　cogitations　new　had　need　of　some　grossness　and
inculcation　to　make　them　perceived；　and　chiefly　to　the　end　that　for
the　time　to　come　（upon　the　account　and　state　now　made　and　cast　up）　it
may　appear　what　increase　this　new　manner　of　use　and　administration　of
the　stock　（if　it　be　once　planted）　shall　bring　with　it　hereafter；　and
for　the　time　present　（in　case　I　should　be　prevented　by　death　to
propound　and　reveal　this　new　light　as　I　purpose）　yet　I　may　at　the
least　give　some　awaking　note　both　of　the　wants　in　man's　present
condition　and　the　nature　of　the　supplies　to　be　wished；　though　for
mine　own　part　neither　do　I　much　build　upon　my　present　anticipations；
neither　do　I　think　ourselves　yet　learned　or　wise　enough　to　wish
reasonably：　for　as　it　asks　some　knowledge　to　demand　a　question　not
impertinent；　so　it　asketh　some　sense　to　make　a　wish　not　absurd。




CAP。　10。


THE　INVENTORY；　OR　AN　ENUMERATION　AND　VIEW　OF　INVENTIONS　ALREADY
DISCOVERED　AND　IN　USE；　TOGETHER　WITH　A　NOTE　OF　THE　WANTS　AND　THE
NATURE　OF　THE　SUPPLIES；　BEING　THE　10TH　CHAPTER；　AND　THIS　A　SMALL
FRAGMENT　THEREOF；　BEING　THE　PREFACE　TO　THE　INVENTORY。


The　plainest　method　and　most　directly　pertinent　to　this　intention；
will　be　to　make　distribution　of　sciences；　arts；　inventions；　works；
and　their　portions；　according　to　the　use　and　tribute　which　they　yield
and　render　to　the　conditions　of　man's　life；　and　under　those　several
uses；　being　as　several　offices　of　provisions；　to　charge　and　tax　what
may　be　reasonably　exacted　or　demanded；　not　guiding　ourselves　neither
by　the　poverty　of　experiences　and　probations；　nor　according　to　the
vanity　of　credulous　imaginations；　and　then　upon　those　charges　and
taxations　to　distinguish　and　present；　as　it　were　in　several　columns；
what　is　extant　and　already　found；　and　what　is　defective　and　further
to　be　provided。　　Of　which　provisions；　because　in　many　of　them　after
the　manner　of　slothful　and　faulty　officers　and　accomptants　it　will　be
returned　（by　way　of　excuse）　that　no　such　are　to　be　had；　it　will　be
fit　to　give　some　light　of　the　nature　of　the　supplies；　whereby　it　will
evidently　appear　that　they　are　to　be　compassed　and　procured。　　And　yet
nevertheless　on　the　other　side　again　it　will　be　as　fit　to　check　and
control　the　vain　and　void　assignations　and　gifts　whereby　certain
ignorant；　extravagant；　and　abusing　wits　have　pretended　to　indue　the
stat