part10-第2部分

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soon　followed　her　lord　to　the　tomb。　On　one　of　the　stones　of　a　small

arch；　beside　his　sepulchre；　is　the　following　simple　inscription：

〃Hic　jacet　Maria　Palacin；　uxor　Munonis　Sancij　De　Finojosa〃：　〃Here　lies

Maria　Palacin；　wife　of　Munio　Sancho　de　Hinojosa。〃

　　The　legend　of　Don　Munio　Sancho　does　not　conclude　with　his　death。

On　the　same　day　on　which　the　battle　took　place　on　the　plain　of

Salmanara；　a　chaplain　of　the　Holy　Temple　at　Jerusalem；　while

standing　at　the　outer　gate；　beheld　a　train　of　Christian　cavaliers

advancing；　as　if　in　pilgrimage。　The　chaplain　was　a　native　of　Spain；

and　as　the　pilgrims　approached；　he　knew　the　foremost　to　be　Don　Munio

Sancho　de　Hinojosa；　with　whom　he　had　been　well　acquainted　in　former

times。　Hastening　to　the　patriarch；　he　told　him　of　the　honorable　rank

of　the　pilgrims　at　the　gate。　The　patriarch；　therefore；　went　forth　with

a　grand　procession　of　priests　and　monks；　and　received　the　pilgrims

with　all　due　honor。　There　were　seventy　cavaliers；　beside　their　leader；

all　stark　and　lofty　warriors。　They　carried　their　helmets　in　their

hands；　and　their　faces　were　deadly　pale。　They　greeted　no　one；　nor

looked　either　to　the　right　or　to　the　left；　but　entered　the　chapel；　and

kneeling　before　the　sepulchre　of　our　Saviour；　performed　their

orisons　in　silence。　When　they　had　concluded；　they　rose　as　if　to

depart；　and　the　patriarch　and　his　attendants　advanced　to　speak　to

them；　but　they　were　no　more　to　be　seen。　Every　one　marvelled　what　could

be　the　meaning　of　this　prodigy。　The　patriarch　carefully　noted　down　the

day；　and　sent　to　Castile　to　learn　tidings　of　Don　Munio　Sancho　de

Hinojosa。　He　received　for　reply；　that　on　the　very　day　specified；

that　worthy　knight；　with　seventy　of　his　followers；　had　been　slain　in

battle。　These；　therefore；　must　have　been　the　blessed　spirits　of

those　Christian　warriors；　come　to　fulfil　their　vow　of　pilgrimage　to

the　Holy　Sepulchre　at　Jerusalem。　Such　was　Castilian　faith；　in　the

olden　time；　which　kept　its　word；　even　beyond　the　grave。

　　If　any　one　should　doubt　of　the　miraculous　apparition　of　these

phantom　knights；　let　him　consult　the　History　of　the　Kings　of　Castile

and　Leon；　by　the　learned　and　pious　Fray　Prudencio　de　Sandoval；

bishop　of　Pamplona；　where　he　will　find　it　recorded　in　the　History　of

King　Don　Alonzo　VI；　on　the　hundred　and　second　page。　It　is　too　precious

a　legend；　to　be　lightly　abandoned　to　the　doubter。

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Poets　and　Poetry　of　Moslem　Andalus。



　　DURING　the　latter　part　of　my　sojourn　in　the　Alhambra　I　was　more　than

once　visited　by　the　Moor　of　Tetuan；　with　whom　I　took　great　pleasure　in

rambling　through　the　halls　and　courts；　and　getting　him　to　explain　to

me　the　Arabic　inscriptions。　He　endeavored　to　do　so　faithfully；　but；

though　he　succeeded　in　giving　me　the　thought；　he　despaired　of

imparting　an　idea　of　the　grace　and　beauty　of　the　language。　The　aroma

of　the　poetry；　said　he；　is　all　lost　in　translation。　Enough　was

imparted；　however；　to　increase　the　stock　of　my　delightful　associations

with　this　extraordinary　pile。　Perhaps　there　never　was　a　monument

more　characteristic　of　an　age　and　people　than　the　Alhambra；　a　rugged

fortress　without；　a　voluptuous　palace　within；　war　frowning　from　its

battlements；　poetry　breathing　throughout　the　fairy　architecture　of　its

halls。　One　is　irresistibly　transported　in　imagination　to　those　times

when　Moslem　Spain　was　a　region　of　light　amid　Christian；　yet

benighted　Europe…　externally　a　warrior　power　fighting　for　existence；

internally　a　realm　devoted　to　literature；　science；　and　the　arts；　where

philosophy　was　cultivated　with　passion；　though　wrought　up　into

subtleties　and　refinements；　and　where　the　luxuries　of　sense　were

transcended　by　those　of　thought　and　imagination。

　　Arab　poetry；　we　are　told；　arrived　at　its　highest　splendor　under

the　Ommiades　of　Spain；　who　for　a　long　time　centred　the　power　and

splendor　of　the　Western　Caliphat　at　Cordova。　Most　of　the　sovereigns　of

that　brilliant　line　were　themselves　poets。　One　of　the　last　of　them　was

Mahomed　ben　Abderahman。　He　led　the　life　of　a　sybarite　in　the　famous

palace　and　gardens　of　Azahara；　surrounding　himself　with　all　that　could

excite　the　imagination　and　delight　the　senses。　His　palace　was　the

resort　of　poets。　His　vizier；　Ibn　Zeydun；　was　called　the　Horace　of

Moslem　Spain；　from　his　exquisite　verses；　which　were　recited　with

enthusiasm　even　in　the　saloons　of　the　Eastern　Caliphs。　The　vizier

became　passionately　enamored　of　the　princess　Walada；　daughter　of

Mahomed。　She　was　the　idol　of　her　father's　court；　a　poetess　of　the

highest　order；　and　renowned　for　beauty　as　well　as　talent。　If　Ibn

Zeydun　was　the　Horace　of　Moslem　Spain；　she　was　its　Sappho。　The

princess　became　the　subject　of　the　vizier's　most　impassioned　verses；

especially　of　a　famous　risaleh　or　epistle　addressed　to　her；　which

the　historian　Ash…Shakandi　declares　has　never　been　equalled　for

tenderness　and　melancholy。　Whether　the　poet　was　happy　in　his　love；　the

authors　I　have　consulted　do　not　say；　but　one　intimates　that　the

princess　was　discreet　as　she　was　beautiful；　and　caused　many　a　lover　to

sigh　in　vain。　In　fact；　the　reign　of　love　and　poetry　in　the　delicious

abode　of　Zahara；　was　soon　brought　to　a　close　by　a　popular

insurrection。　Mahomed　with　his　family　took　refuge　in　the　fortress　of

Ucles；　near　Toledo；　where　he　was　treacherously　poisoned　by　the

Alcayde；　and　thus　perished　one　of　the　last　of　the　Ommiades。

　　The　downfall　of　that　brilliant　dynasty；　which　had　concentrated　every

thing　at　Cordova；　was　favorable　to　the　general　literature　of　Morisco

Spain。

　　〃After　the　breaking　of　the　necklace　and　the　scattering　of　its

pearls；〃　says　Ash…Shakandi；　〃the　kings　of　small　states　divided　among

themselves　the　patrimony　of　the　Beni　Ommiah。〃

　　They　vied　with　each　other　in　filling　their　capitals　with　poets　and

learned　men；　and　rewarded　them　with　boundless　prodigality。　Such　were

the　Moorish　kings　of　Seville　of　the　illustrious　line　of　the　Beni

Abbad；　〃with　whom；〃　says　the　same　writer；　〃resided　fruit　and

palm…trees　and　pomegranates；　who　became　the　centre　of　eloquence　in

prose　and　verse；　every　day　of　whose　reign　was　a　solemn　festivity；

whose　history　abounds　in　generous　actions　and　heroic　deeds；　that

will　last　through　surrounding　ages　and　live　for　ever　in　the　memory

of　man！〃

　　No　place；　however；　profited　more　in　point　of　civilization　and

refinement　by　the　downfall　of　the　Western　Caliphat　than　Granada。　It

succeeded　to　Cordova　in　splendor；　while　it　surpassed　it　in　romantic

beauty　of　situation。　The　amenity　of　its　climate；　where　the　ardent

heats　of　a　southern　summer　were　tempered　by　breezes　from　snow…clad

mountains；　the　voluptuous　repose　of　its　valleys　and　the　bosky

luxuriance　of　its　groves　and　gardens　all　awakened　sensations　of

delight；　and　disposed　the　mind　to　love　and　poetry。　Hence　the　great

number　of　amatory　poets　that　flourished　in　Granada。　Hence　those

amorous　canticles　breathing　of　love　and　war；　and　wreathing

chivalrous　grace　round　the　stern　exercise　of　arms。　Those　ballads　which

still　form　the　pride　and　delight　of　Spanish　literature　are　but　the

echoes　of　amatory　and　chivalric　lays　which　once　delighted　the　Moslem

courts　of　Andalus；　and　in　which　a　modern　historian　of　Granada　pretends

to　find　the　origin　of　the　rima　Castellana　and　the　type　of　the　〃gay

science〃　of　the　troubadours。

　　Poetry　was　cultivated　in　Granada　by　both　sexes。　〃Had　Allah；〃　says

Ash…Shakandi；　〃bestowed　no　other　boon　on　Granada　than　that　of　making

it　the　birth…place　of　so　many　poetesses；　that　alone　would　be

sufficient　for　its　glory。〃

　　Among　the　most　famous　of　these　was　Hafsah；　renowned；　says　the　old

chronicler；　for　beauty；　talents；　nobility；　and　wealth。　We　have　a

mere　relic　of　her　poetry　in　some　verses；　addressed　to　her　lover；

Ahmed；　recalling　an　evening　passed　together　in　the　garden　of　Maumal。

　　〃Allah　has　given　us　a　happy　night；　such　as　he　never　vouchsafes　to

the　wicked　and　the　ignoble。　We　have　beheld　the　cypresses　of　Maumal

gently　bowing　their　heads　before　the　mountain　breeze…　the　sweet

perfumed　breeze　that　smelt　of　gillyflowers：　the　dove　murmured　her　love

among　the　trees；　the　sweet　basil　inclined　its　boughs　to　the　limpid

brook。〃

　　The　garden　of　Maumal　was　famous　among　the　Moors　for　its　rivulets；

its　fountains；　its　flowers；　and　above　all；　its　cypresses。　It　had　its

name　from　a　vizier　of　Abdallah；　grandson　of　Aben　Habuz；　and　Sultan

of　Granada。　Under　the　administration　of　this　vizier　many　of　the

noblest　public　works　were　executed。　He　constructed　an　aqueduct　by

which　water　was　brought　from　the　mountains　of　Alfacar　to　irrigate

the　hills　and　orchards　north　of　the　city。　He　planted　a　public　walk

with　cypress…trees；　and　〃made　delicious　gardens　for　the　solace　of

the　melancholy　Moors。〃　〃The　name　of　Maumal；〃　says　Alcantara；　〃ought　to

be　preserved　in　Granada　in　letters　of　gold。〃　Perhaps　it　is　as　well

preserved　by　being　associated　with　the　garden　he　planted；　and　by　being

mentioned　in　the　verses　of　Hafsah。　How　often　does　a　casual　word　from　a

poet　confer　immortality！

　　Perhaps　the　reader　may　be　curious　to　learn　something　of　the　story　of

Hafsah　and　her　lover；　thus　connected　with　one　of　the　beautiful

localities　of　Granada。　The　following　are　all　the　particulars　I　have

been　able　to　rescue　out　of　the　darkness　and　oblivion　which　have

settled　upon　the　brightest　names　and　geniuses　of　Moslem　Spain：

　　Ahmed　and　Hafsah　flourished　in　the　sixth　century　of　the　Hegira；

the　twelfth　of　the　Christian　Era。　Ahmed　was　the　son　of　the　Alcayde

of　Alcala　la　Real。　His　father　designed　him　for　public　and　military

life　and　would　have　made　him　his　lieutenant；　but　the　youth　was　of　a

poetical　temperament；　and　preferred　a　life　of　lettered　ease　in　the

delightful　abodes　of　Granada。　Here　he　surrounded　himself　by　objects　of

taste　in　the　arts；　and　by　the　works　of　the　learned；　he　divided　his

time　between　study　and　social　enjoyment。　He　was　fond　of　the　sports

of　the　field；　and　kept　horses；　hawks；　and　hounds。　He　devoted　himself

to　literature；　became　renowned　for