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5425-考研英语难句突破300句-第22部分
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【译文】 再者，显而易见的是一个国家的经济实力与其工农业生产效率密切相关，而效率的提高则又有赖于各种科技人员的努力。
【析句】 本句的it是形式主语，真正的主语为两个that引导的从句，即that the strength of a country's economy is directly bound up with the efficiency of its agriculture and industry，以及that this in turn rests upon the efforts of scientists and technologists of all kinds。另外应该知道在第二个从句中，this指代前面的efficiency。
【讲词】 to be bound up with意为“与……联系在一起”或“与……相关”。The destiny of Hong Kong is bound up with the economic progress in the mainland。（香港的命运与大陆的经济增长息息相关。）Rockwell has realized that the thriving of the corporation and the local image in China are closely bound up with the knowledge and the skill of the personnel。（罗克维尔公司已经认识到，公司的发展及在中国的形象与其人员的知识和技能密不可分。）
28。 Owing to the remarkable development in massmunications；people everywhere are feeling new wants and are being exposed to new customs and ideas；while governments are often forced to introduce still further innovations for the reasons given above。
【译文】 大众通讯的显著发展使各地的人们不断感到有新的需求，不断接触到新的习俗和思想，由于上述原因，政府常常得推出更多的革新。
【析句】 Owing to the remarkable development in massmunications作全句的原因状语，本句的主干为people everywhere are feeling new wants and are being exposed to new customs and ideas。while governments are often forced to introduce still further innovations for the reasons given above是一个时间状语，其中过去分词结构given above作后置定语，修饰the reasons。
【讲词】 expose意为“揭露；曝光；暴露于；接触到”。The report exposed the secret operation which had been carried by the government。（这篇报导揭露了政府一直在从事的秘密行动。）Our troops were exposed to the enemy fire。（我们的部队暴露于敌人的火力之下。）You should expose yourself to English if you want to learn it well。（如果你想学好英语，就应该多接触英语。）
29。 In the early industrialized countries of Europe the process of industrialization—with all the farreaching changes in social patterns that followed—was spread over nearly a century；whereas nowadays a developing nation may undergo the same process in a decade or so。
【译文】 在先期实现工业化的欧洲国家中，其工业化进程以及随之而来的各种深刻的社会结构变革，持续了大约一个世纪之久，而如今一个发展中国家在十年左右就可能完成这个过程。
【析句】 本句的主干为the process of industrialization… was spread over nearly a century。in the early industrialized countries of Europe作全句的状语，with all the farreaching changes in social patterns that followed是插入成分。注意连接词whereas引导的是一个表示对比的从句。
【讲词】 翻译此句时，应该注意术语的翻译，因此industrialized country应该译成“工业化国家”，the process of industrialization译成“工业化进程”， developing nation（country）译成“发展中国家”。
undergo意为“经历；遭受；忍受”。You can hardly imagine the sufferings she has been undergoing。（你简直无法想象她经历了多少磨难。）The old man lived for five years after he underwent a heart transplant。（老人在经历了一次换心手术后活了5年。）
30。 Additional social stresses may also occur because of the population explosion or problems arising from mass migration movements—themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport。
【译文】 由于人口激增，加上大规模的人口迁移所产生的问题（如今，现代交通工具使人口迁移变得相对容易）也会造成额外的社会压力。
【析句】 本句的主干为Additional social stresses may also occur。because of the population explosion or problems arising from mass migration movements是表示原因的状语。themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport在句中是附加成分，说明mass migration movements，完整的说法应该是that （which） are made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport。
【讲词】 stress作名词时常见的词义是“压力；强调”。Our goal is not to eliminate stress but to learn how to manage it and how to use it to help us。（我们的目标不是消除压力，而是要学会控制压力，如何使用它以帮助自己。）Zhang Xuecheng was noted for his stress on the importance of local history of the empire of China。（章学诚一贯强调研究中华帝国的地方史意义重大。）
正文1999 Passage 1
1999 Passage 1
1。 Luckily；if the doormat or stove failed to warn of ing disaster；a successful lawsuit might pensate you for your troubles。 Or so the thinking has gone since the early 1980s；when juries began holding more panies liable for their customers' misfortunes。
【译文】 幸运的是，假如门垫或炉灶没有警示你可能会发生的危害，你或许可以对自己所遇到的麻烦索赔并获补偿。或者说人们是这么想的，因为自80年代初以来，陪审团越发认为公司应对其顾客所遭受的不幸负责。
【析句】 句子本身并不复杂，两个句子表达了人们的想法。在第一个句子中，if the doormat or stove failed to warn of ing disaster是指门垫或炉灶没有警示语。在第二个句子中，or so the thinking has gone是一个倒装结构，正常的语序应该是or the thinking has gone so（或者说人们是这么想的）。
【讲词】 liable意为“有责任的；有义务的”。I am not liable for other people’s debts。（我对其他人的债务不负责任。）He is liable to e today。（他今天很可能要来。）be liable for sth意为“应对……负责”；to hold sb liable for sth意为“某人应对某事负责”，类似的表达还有to hold sb accountable for sth或to hold sb responsible for sth。I will hold you liable for any damage。（如有损坏，我拿你是问。）
2。 While warnings are often appropriate and necessary—the dangers of drug interactions；for example—and many are required by state or federal regulations；it isn't clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured。
【译文】 虽然警示语常常是合理而必要的，如提示注意药物的副作用，并且很多是按照州或联邦法规的要求而添加的，但是当一名消费者受伤时，警示语是否真能免除制造商和销售商的责任，这还不清楚。
【析句】 在这个主从复合句中，it isn't clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured是主句。主句用了一个形式主语it，真正的主语是that引导的从句，而that从句之后是一个if引导的条件从句。从句由两个部分组成，中间用and连接。破折号之间的部分是举例说明warnings的内容。注意：many are required by state or federal regulations中的many是指 many warnings。
【讲词】 liability有“责任”的意思，在此句中protect… from liability意为“保护……使免责”。该词也可表示“不利的条件”。hold no liability for sth。表示“对……不负责任”。Bad pronunciation is a liability in being a narrator。（不良的发音是做解说员的不利条件。）liability disclaimer意为“免责声明”。
3。 As personal injury claims continue as before；some courts are beginning to side with defendants；especially in cases where a warning label probably wouldn't have changed anything。
【译文】 尽管个人伤害的索赔一如既往地继续着，但有些法庭开始支持被告一方，特别是在处理那些有警示语也无济于事的案件时。
【析句】 在这个主从复合句中，as引导一个伴随状语从句，主句是some courts are beginning to side with defendants。especially in cases是一个状语短语，cases后面跟了一个where引导的定语从句（where a warning label probably wouldn't have changed anything），修饰cases。
【讲词】 side with意为“与（某人）站在同一边；和（某人）抱同样的见解”。A Chinese court has sided with the Starbucks coffee house chain in its battle with a Shanghai rival over their use of the same Chinese name；a news report said。（新闻报道说，一个中国法庭支持了星巴克咖啡连锁店的诉讼，这家连锁店起诉上海的一个竞争对手使用同样的中文名。）
4。 In May；Julie Nimmons；president of Schutt Sports in Illinois； successfully fought a lawsuit involving a football player who was paralyzed in a game while wearing a Schutt helmet。
【译文】 五月份，伊利诺斯州的Schutt体育公司总裁朱利·尼蒙斯就成功地打赢了这样一场官司，原告是一名橄榄球队员，他戴着该公司的头盔在一场比赛中受伤瘫痪。
【析句】 这个句子的主干是Julie Nimmons… successfully fought a lawsuit。 president of Schutt Sports in Illinois是主语Julie Nimmons的同位语。宾语a lawsuit由一个现在分词结构（involving a football player who was paralyzed in a game while wearing a Schutt helmet）修饰，其中的a football player后面跟着一个定语从句。
【讲词】 involve意为“涉及；包括；参与”等。All the children were involved in the school play。（所有的孩子都参加了学校排练的剧目。）This lesson involves a lot of work。（这一课需要做的工作有很多。）
paralyze意为“使瘫痪；使麻痹”。The electricity failure paralyzed the train service。（电力中断使得列车无法运行。）The economy was paralyzed by the policy initiated by the government。（政府所实行的政策致使经济陷入瘫痪。）
5。 At the same time；the American Law Institute—a group of judges；lawyers；and academics whose remendations carry substantial weight—issued new guidelines for tort law stating that panies need not warn customers of obvious dangers or bombard them with a lengthy list of possible ones。
【译文】 与此同时，美国法学会——一群法官、律师和学者，他们的建议举足轻重——公布了新的民事侵权法纲要，说明公司不必警示顾客留意显而易见的危险，而且也不必给顾客列出一份冗长的清单，列举可能造成的各种危险。
【析句】 句子虽长，其实是一个简单句。主干是the American Law Institute… issued new guidelines for tort law。破折号之间是主语的同位语，说明美国法学会的成员构成。stating that… possible ones是一个现在分词结构，作new guidelines的定语。
【讲词】 weight句中指“分量”。I don't think his opinion carries much weight when the project is being discussed。（在讨论这一项目时，我认为他的意见没有多大的分量。）
warn意为“警告；告诫”，to warn sb of sth是一个固定的搭配。
bombard是“轰炸”的意思，或表示“连续的提问；连续的侵袭；连续的骚扰”。 At the press conference；the president was bombarded with questions about the scandal。（在记者招待会上，记者们纷纷向总统追问这一丑闻。）
6。 If the moderate end of the legal munity has its way；the information on products might actually be provided for the benefit of customers and not as protection against legal liability。
【译文】 如果法律界的
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