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the origins of contemporary france-3-第104部分

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Revolution。  Buchez et Roux; XXVII 140; session of May 20; and XXVI。

177; session of April 27; speech by Cambon: 〃The department of Hérau1t

says to this or that individual: 'You are rich; your opinions cause us

expenditure 。 。 I mean to fix you to the Revolution in spite of

yourself。 You shall lend your fortune to the republic; and when

liberty is established the republic will return your capital to you。 …

〃I should like; then; following the example of the department of

Hérault; that the Convention should organize a civic loan of one

billion; to be supplied by egoists and the indifferent。 … Decree of

May 20; 〃passed almost unanimously。 A forced loan of one billion shall

be made on wealthy citizens。〃



'58' Meillan。 100。



'59' Speech by Ducos; March 20。 〃We must choose between domestic

education and liberty。 So long as the poor and the rich are not

brought close together through a common education; in vain will your

laws proclaim sacred equality! 〃  Rabaut…Saint…étienne: 〃In every

township a national temple will be erected; in which every Sunday its

municipal officers will give moral instruction to the assembled

citizens。 This instruction will be drawn from books approved of by the

legislative body; and followed by hymns also approved of by the

legislative。 A catechism; as simple as it is short; drawn up by the

legislative body; shall be taught and every boy will know it by

heart。〃  On the sentiments of the Girondists in relation to

Christianity; see chapters V。 and XI。 of this volume。  On the means

for equalizing the fortunes; see articles by Rabaut…Saint…étienne

(Buchez et Roux; XXIII。 467)。 … Ibid。; XXIV。 475 (March 7…11) decree

abolishing the testamentary right。  Condorcet; in his 〃Tableau des

progrés de l'Esprit humain;〃 assigns the leveling of conditions as the

purpose of society。  On propaganda abroad; read the report by Cambon

(Dec。 15)。 This report is nearly unanimously accepted; and Buzot

exacerbates it by adding an amendment



'60' Buchez et Roux; XXVII。 287; session of May 28; vote on the

maintenance of the Commission of Twelve。



'61' Moniteur。 XV。 395; session of Feb。 8; 1793。



'62' Decrees of March 13 and 14。



'63' Moore; II。 44 (October 1792)。 Danton declares in the tribune that

〃the Convention should be a committee of instruction for kings

throughout the universe。〃 On which Moore remarks that this is

equivalent to declaring war against all Europe except Switzerland。 …

Mallet du Pan; 〃Considerations sur la Revolution de France;〃 p。37: 〃In

a letter which chance has brought to my notice; Brissot wrote to one

of his minister…generals towards the close of last year: 'The four

quarters of Europe must be set on fire; that is our salvation。'〃



'64' Duvergier; 〃Collection des lois et décrets。〃 Decree of March 10…

12。 Title I。 articles 4; 12; 13; title II。 articles 2; 3。 Add to this

the decree of March 29…31; establishing the penalty of death against

whoever composes or prints documents favoring the re…establishment of

royalty。



'65' Ib。; Decree of March 28 … April 5 (article 6)。 … Cf。 the decrees

of March 18…22; and April 23…24。



'66' Decree of March 27…30。



'67' Decree of April 5…7。



'68' Decree of May 4。 (A law fixing the highest price at which grain

shall be sold。 TR。)



'69'  Decree of April 11…16 (bearing on the reduction in value of the

legal currency。 …TR)。



'70' Decree of May 20…25。



'71' Decree of April 5…7。 Words used by Danton in the course of the

debate。



'72'  Decree of April 5…11。



'73'  Decrees of May 13; 16; 22; 23; 24; 25; 26; and 29; June 1。



'74'  Decrees of March 21…23 and March 26…30。



'75' Decrees of March 29…31。



'76'  Decree of April 1…5。



'77' Schmidt; I。 232。 Report by Dutard; May 10。



'78'  〃Archives Nationales;〃 F7; 2401 to 2505。 Records of the section

debates in Paris。  Many of these begin March 28; 1793; and contain

the deliberations of revolutionary committees; for example; F7; 2475;

the section of the Pikes or of the Place Vend?me。 We see by the

official reports dated March 28 and the following days that the

suspected were deprived all weapons; even the smallest; every species

of swordcane; including dress…swords with steel or silver handles。



'79' Buchez et Roux; XXV。 157。  〃Archives Nationales;〃 F7; 2494;

section of the Réunion; official report; March 28。



'80' Schmidt; I。 223 (Dutard; May 14)。   Ibid。; 224。 〃If the

Convention allows committees of supervision to exercise its authority;

I will not give it eight days。〃 … Meillan; 111: 〃Almost all the

section agitators were strangers〃 〃Archives Nationales;〃 F7; 3294

and 3297; records of debate in the committees of supervision belonging

to the sections of the Réunion and Droits de l'Homme。 Quality of mind

and education are both indicated by orthography。 For instance: 〃Le dit

jour et an  que dé?us。〃 … 〃Orloger。〃 … 〃Lecture d'une lettre du comité

de surté général de la convention qui invite le comité à se

transporter de suites chez le citoyen Louis Féline rue Baubourg; à

leffets de faire perquisition chez lui et dans tout ces papiers; et

que ceux qui para?trons suspect lon y metes les selés。〃



'81' 〃Archives Nationales;〃 F7; 3294。 Section of the Réunion; official

report。 March 28。



'82' Buchez et Roux; XXV。 168。 An ordinance of the commune; March 27。



'83' Schmidt; I。223。 Report by Dutard; May 14。



'84' Buchez et Roux; XXV。 167。  Ordinance of May 27。 XXXVII。 151。

Ordinance of May 20。



'85' 〃Archives Nationales;〃 F7; 3294。 See in particular; the official

reports of the month of April。  Buchez et Roux; XXV。 149; and XXVI。

342。 (ordinances of the Commune; March 27 and May 2)。



'86' Buchez et Roux; XXVI。 402 (article from the Patriote Fran?ais;

May 8)。 〃Arrests are nultiplied lately to a frightful extent。 The

mayoralty overflows with prisoners。 Nobody has any idea of the

insolence and harshness with which citizens are treated。 Slaughter and

a Saint…Bartholomew are all that are talked of。 〃  Meillan; 55。 〃Let

anybody in any assemblage or club express any opinion not in unison

with municipal views; and he is sure to be arrested the following

night。 〃  Gouverneur Morris; March 29; 1793。 〃Yesterday I was

arrested in the street and conducted to the section of Butte…des…

Moulins。 。 。 Armed men came to my house yesterday。 〃  Reply of the

minister Lebrun; April 3。  〃Domiciliary visits were a general measure

from which no house in Paris was exempt。〃



'87' Buchez et Roux; XXVI。 384。 Speech by Buzot; session of May 8。



'88' Buchez et Roux; XXVI。 332。 Ordinance of the commune; May 1。



'89' Schmidt; I。 216。 Report by Dutard; May 13。



'90' Schmidt; I。301。 〃In our sections the best class of citizens are

still afraid of imprisonment or of being disarmed。 Nobody talks

freely。〃  The Lyons revolutionaries make the same calculation

(〃Archives Nationales;〃 AF; II。 43)。 Letter addressed to the

representatives of the people by the administrators of the department

of the Rh?ne; June 4; 1793。 The revolutionary committee 〃designated

for La Vendée those citizens who were most comfortably off or those it

hated; whilst conditional enlistment with the privilege of remaining

in the department were granted only to those in favor of

disorganization。〃 Cf。 Guillon de Montléon; I。 235。



'91' Buchez et Roux; XXVI。 399。 Ordinance of the commune; May 3; on a

forced loan of twelve millions; article 6。 〃The revolutionary

committees will regard the apportionment 'lists simply as guides;

without regarding them as a basis of action。〃  Article 14。 〃The

personal and real property of those who have not conformed to the

patriotic draft will be seized and sold at the suit of the

revolutionary committees; and their persons declared suspected。〃



'92' Buchez et Roux; XXVII。 17 (Patriote Fran?ais; number for May 14)。

Franc?ur is taxed at 3;600 francs。  The same process at Lyons

(Balleydier; 174; and Guillon de Montléon; I。 238)。 The authorized tax

by the commissaries of the convention amounted to six millions。 The

revolutionary committee levied thirty and forty millions; payable in

twenty…four hours on warrants without delay (May 13 and 14)。 Many

persons are taxed from 80;000 to 100;000 francs; the text of the

requisitions conveying ironically a hostile spirit。



'93' Buchez et Roux; XXVI。 463; session of the Jacobin Club; May 11。



'94' Meillan; 17。



'95' Buchez et Roux; XXVI。 463; session of the Jacobin club; May11。

Speech by Hassenfratz。 … Ibid。;  455; session of the Jacobin club; May

10; speech by Robespierre。 〃The rich are all anti…revolutionaries;

only beggars and the people can save the country。〃 … Ibid。 N:

〃Revolutionary battalions should be maintained in the department at

the expense of the rich; who are cowards。〃 …Ibid。;  XXVII。 317。

Petition of the Faubourg Saint…Antoine; May 11。  Schmidt; I。 315

(Report by Dutard; May 13)。 〃There is no recruiting in the faubourgs;

because people there know that they are more wanted here than in La

Vendée。 They let the rich go and fight。 They watch things here; and

trust nobody but themselves to guard Paris。〃



'96'  〃Archives Nationales;〃 F7; 2494。 Section of the Réunion;

official reports of May 15 and 16。  Buchez et Roux; XXV。 167;

ordance of the commune; March 27。



'97' Schmidt; I。327。 Report of Perriére; May 28。 〃Our group itself

seemed to governed by nothing but hatred of the rich by the poor。 One

must be a dull observer not to see by a thousand symptoms that these

two natural enemies stand in battle array; only awaiting the signal or

the opportunity。〃



'98' Buchez et Roux; XXV。 460。  The papers examined by the accusers

are the numbers of Marat's journal of the 5th of January and of the

25th of February。 The article which provoked the decree is his

〃Address to the National Convention;〃 pp。 446 and 450。



'99' Buchez et Roux; XXVI。 149; Narrative by Mar
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