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the origins of contemporary france-3-第107部分

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169) thus describes it: 〃The fake people; the deadliest enemy which

the French people ever had; blocked incessantly the approaches to the

Convention 。 。 。  At the entrance or exit of the Convention the

astonished spectator thought that a new invasion of barbarian hordes

had suddenly occurred; a new irruption of voracious; sanguinary

harpies; flocking there to seize hold of the revolution as if it were

the natural prey of their species。〃



'171' Gouverneur Morris; II。 241。 Letter of Oct。 23; 1792。 〃The

populace … something; thank God; that is unknown in America〃〃   He

often insists on this essential characteristic of the French

Revolution。 … On this ever…present class; see the accurate and

complete work well supported by facts; of  Dr。 Lombrose; 〃L'Uomo

delinquente。〃



'172' Mortimer…Ternaux; VII。 Letter of the deputy Laplaigne; July 6。



'173'  Meillan; 51。 … Buchez et Roux; XXVII。 356。 Official report of

the commune; session of June 1。 In the afternoon Marat comes to the

commune; harrangues the council; and gives the insurrection the last

impetus。 It is plain that he was chief actor on both these days (June

1 and 2)。



'174'  Pétion; 116。



'175' Schmidt; I。 370。 … Mortimer…Ternaux; VII。 391。 Letter of

Marchand; member of the Central Committee。 〃I saw Chaumette do

everything he could to hinder this glorious revolution; 。 。 。

exclaim; shed tears; and tear his hair。〃 … Buchez et Roux; XXVIII。 46。

According to Saladin; Chaumette went so far as to demand Hébert's

arrest。



'176' Mortimer…Ternaux; VII。 300。 … Cf。 〃Le vieux Cordelier;〃 by C。

Desmoulins; No。 5。



'177' Mallet du Pan; II。 52。 (March 8; 1794)。 … The titular general of

the revolutionary army was Ronsin。 〃Previous to the Revolution he was

a seedy author earning his living and reputation by working for the

boulevard stalls。 。 。 One day a person informed him that his staff

'was behaving very badly; acting tyrannically in the most outrageous

manner at the theaters and everywhere else; striking women and tearing

their bonnets to pieces。 Your men commit rape; pillage; and massacre。〃

To which he replied; 'Well; what shall I do? I know that they are a

lot of ruffians as well as you do; but those are the follows I need

for my revolutionary army。 Find me honest people; if you can; that

will do that business。'〃 (Prudhomme; 〃Crimes de la Révolution;〃 V。

130。)



'178'  Buchez et Roux; XXIX。 152。



'179'  Beaulieu; 〃Essais sur la Révolution;〃 V。 200。



'180' Schmidt; II。 85。 Report of Dutard; June 24 (on the review of the

previous evening) 2A sort of low…class artisan who seemed to me to

have been a soldier。 。 。  Apparently he had associated only with

disorderly men; I am sure that he would be found fond of gaming; wine;

women; and everything that denotes a bad character。〃



'181' Charlotte de Corday d'Armont; 1768 to 1793。 Young French girl

who knifed Marat in his bath。 Adherent of the Revolution; she

considered Marat as being responsible for the elimination of the

Girondists and the establishment of the terror。 She was guillotined。

(SR。)



'182' Lauvergne; 〃Histoire de la Révolution dans le département du

Var;〃 176。 At Toulon 〃the spirit of counter…revolution was nothing

else than the sentiment of self…preservation。〃 It was the same thing

at Lyons。 (Nolhac; 〃Souvenir de trois année de la Révolution à Lyon;〃

p。 14。)



'183'  Gouverneur Morris; II。 395。 Letter of Jan。 21; 1794。 〃Admitting

what has been asserted by persons in a situation to know the truth and

deeply interested to prove the contrary; it is an undoubted truth that

ninety…nine…hundredths are opposed to all ideas of a dismemberment;

and will fight to prevent it。



'184'  Mallet du Pan; II。 44。



'185' Carnot;  Lazare; Nicolas; 1753…1823; military engineer and

mathematician;  member of the committee of public safety; organized

the armies of the republic and their offensive tactics。 (SR)。



'186' Among other documents; the following letter will show the

quality of these recruits; especially of the recruits of 1791; who

were much the best men。 (Letter from the municipal officers of Dorat;

December 28; 1792; 〃Archives Nationales;〃 F7; 3275。) 〃The commune of

Dorat is made up of three classes of citizens: The richest class;

composed of persons confirmed in the prejudices of the ancient régime;

has been disarmed。 The second; composed of well…to…do people; fills

the administrative positions。 It is against them that the fury of the

turbulent is aimed; but those of this class who could make resistance

have gone to fight the enemy abroad。  The third class; and the most

numerous; is made up in part of the seditious and in part of laborers;

who; not daring to mix in the revolt; content themselves with coveting

the tax on grain。〃 … Toulongeon; 〃Histoire de France depuis la

Révolution;〃 IV。 94。 〃Do not degrade a nation by ascribing base

motives to it and a servile fear。 Every one; on the contrary; felt

himself infused by an exalted instinct for the public welfare。〃 …

Gouvion Saint…Cyr; 〃Mémoires;〃 I。 56: A young man would have blushed

to remain at home when the independence of the nation was threatened。

Each one quitted his studies or his profession。



'187' Gouvion…Saint…Cyr; 26。 〃The manifesto of Brunswick assigns to

France more than a hundred battalions; which; within three weeks; were

raised; armed; and put in the field。〃



'188'  In respect of these sentiments; cf。 Gouvion Saint…Cyr;

〃Mémoires; and Fervel; 〃Campagnes de la Révolution Fran?aise dans les

Pyrénées orientales。〃



'189' Stendhal; Memoires sur Napoléon。



'190'  Gouvion…Saint…Cyr; 〃Memoires;〃 p。43。 〃Patriotism made up for

everything; it alone gave us victory; it supplied our most pressing

needs。〃




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