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the origins of contemporary france-3-第39部分
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the Directory of the Bouche…du… Rh?ne; April 4; 1792。 Reply and act
passed by the Directory; April 5。 Report of Bertin and Rebecqui to
the administrators of the department; April 3。 Moniteur; XII。 379。
Report of the Minister of the Interior to the National Assembly; April
4。
'29' Moniteur; XII。 408 (session of May 16)。 Petition of M。 Fossin;
deputy from Arles。 〃Archives Nationales;〃 F7; 3196。 Petition of
the Arlesians to the Minister; June 28。 Despatches of M。 Lombard;
provisional royal commissioner; Arles; July 6 and 10。 〃Neither persons
nor property have been respected for three months by those who wear
the mask of patriotism。〃
'30' 〃Archives Nationales;〃 F7; 3196。 Letter of M。 Borelly; vice…
president of the Directory; to the Minister; Aix; April 30; 1792。 〃The
course pursued by the sieur: Bertin and Rébecqui is the cause of all
the disorders committed in these unhappy districts。 。 。 Their sole
object is to levy contributions; as they did at Aries; to enrich
themselves and render the Comtat…Venaisson desolate。〃
'31' 〃Archives Nationales;〃 F7; 3196。 Deposition of one of the keepers
of the sieur Coye; a proprietor at Mouriez…les…Baux; April 4。
Petition of Peyre; notary at Maussane; April 7。 Statement by
Manson; a resident of Mouriez…les…Baux; March 27。 Petition of
Andrieu; March 30。 … Letter of the municipality of Maussane; April 4:
〃They watch for a favorable opportunity to devastate property and
especially country villas。〃
'32' 〃Archives Nationales;〃 Claim of the national guard presented to
the district administrators of Tarascon by the national guard of
Chateau…Renard; April 6。 Petition of Juliat d'Eyguières; district
administrator of Tarascon; April 2 (in relation to a requisition of
30;000 francs by Camo?n on the commune of Eyguières)。 Letter of M。
Borelly; April 30。 〃Bertin and Rébecqui have openly protected the
infamous Camo?n; and have set him free。 〃 … Moniteur; XII。 408。
Petition of M。 Fossin; deputy from Arles。
'33' 〃Archives Nationales;〃 F7; 3195。 Dispatch of M。 Mérard; royal
commissioner at the district court of Apt; Apt; March 15; 1792 (with
official report of the Apt municipality and debates of the district;
March 13)。 Letter of M。 Guillebert; syndic…attorney of the district
March 5。。 (He has fled。 ) Dispatches of the district Directory;
March 23 and 28。 〃It must not be supposed for a moment that either the
court or the juge…de…paix will take the least notice of this
circumstance。 One step in this direction would; in a week; bring
10;000 men on our hands。〃
'34' 〃Archives Nationales;〃 F7; 3195。 Letter of the district
Directory of Apt; March 28。 〃On the 26th of March 600 armed men;
belonging to the communes of Apt; Viens; Rustrel; etc。 betook
themselves to St。…Martin…de…Castillon and; under the pretense of
restoring order; taxed the inhabitants; lodging and feeding themselves
at their charge〃 The expeditions extend even to the neighboring
departments; one of them March 23; going to Sault; near Forcalquier;
in the Upper…Alps。
'35' Ib。; F7; 3195。 On the demand of a number of petitioning soldiers
who went to Aries on the 22d of March; 1792; the department
administration passes an act (September; 1793) granting them each
forty…five francs indemnity。 There are 1;916 of them; which makes
86;200 francs 〃assessed on the goods and property of individuals for
the authors; abettors; and those guilty of the disturbances occasioned
by the party of Chiffonists in the commune of Arles。〃 The municipality
of Aries designates fifty…one individuals; who pay the 86;200 livres;
plus 2;785 francs exchange; and 300 francs for the cost of sojourn and
delays。 Petition of the ransomed; Nov。21; 1792。
'36' Ib。; F7; 3165。 Official report of the Directory on the events
which occurred in Aix; April 27; 28; and 29; 1792。
'37' Michelet; 〃Histoire de la Révolution Fran?aise;〃 III。56
(according to the narratives of aged peasants)。 Mercure de France;
April 30; 1791 (letter from an inhabitant of the Comtat)。 All
public dues put together (octrois and interest on the debt) did not go
beyond 800;000 francs for 126;684 inhabitants。 On the contrary; united
with France; it would pay 3;793;000 francs。 André; 〃Histoire de la
Révolution Avignonaise;〃 I。 61。 The Comtat possessed representative
institutions; an armed general assembly; composed of three bishops;
the elected representative of the nobility; and thirteen consuls of
the leading towns。 Mercure de France; Oct。 15; 1791 (letter from
an inhabitant of the Comtat)。 There were no bodies of militia in
the Comtat; the privileges of nobles were of little account。 Nobody
had the exclusive right to hunt or fish; while people without property
could own guns and hunt anywhere。
'38' 〃Archives Nationales;〃 F7; 3272。 Letter of M。 Pelet de la Lozère;
prefect of Vaucluse; to the Minister; year VIII。 Germinal 30。 … Ibid。;
DXXIV。 3。 Letter of M。 Mulot; one of the mediating commissioners; to
the Minister; Oct。 10; 1791。 〃What a country you have sent me to! It
is the land of duplicity。 Italianism has struck its roots deep here;
and I fear that they are very hardy。〃
'39' The details of these occurrences may be found in André and in
Soulier; 〃Histoire de la Révolution Avignonaise。〃 The murder of their
seven principal opponents; gentlemen; priests and artisans; took place
June 11; 1790。 〃Archives Nationales;〃 DXXIV。 3。 The starting…point
of the riots is the hostility of the Jansenist Camus; deputy to the
Constituent Assembly。 Several letters; the first from April; 1790; may
be found in this file; addressed to him from the leading Jacobins of
Avignon; Mainvielle; Raphel; Richard; and the rest; and among others
the following (3uly; 1790): 〃Do not abandon your work; we entreat you。
You; sir; were the first to inspire us with a desire to be free and to
demand our right to unite with a generous nation; from which we have
been severed by fraud。〃 As to the political means and enticements;
these are always the same。 Cf。; for instance; this letter of a
protégé; in Avignon; of Camus; addressed to him July 13; 1791: 〃I have
just obtained from the commune the use of a room inside the Palace;
where I can carry on my tavern business 。 。 My fortune is based on
your kindness 。 。 。 what a distance between you and myself!〃
'40' 〃Archives Nationales;〃 DXXIV。 3。 Report on the events of Oct。10;
1791。 Ibid。; F7; 3197。 Letter of the three commissioners to the
municipality of Avignon; April 21; and to the Minister; May 14; 1791。
〃The deputies of Orange certify that there were at least 500 French
deserters in the Avignon army。 〃 In the same reports; May 21 and
June 8: 〃It is not to be admitted that enrolled brigands should
establish in a small territory; surrounded by France on all sides; the
most dangerous school of brigandage that ever disgraced or preyed upon
this human species。 〃 Letter of M。 Villardy; president of the
Directory of the Bouches…du…Rh?ne May 21。 〃More than two millions of
the national property is exposed to pillage and total destruction by
the new Mandrins who devastate this unfortunate country。 〃 Letter
of Méglé; recruiting sergeant of the La Mark regiment; arrested along
with two of his comrades。 〃The corps of Mandrins which arrested us
set us at liberty。 。 。 We were arrested because we refused to join
them; and on our refusal we were daily threatened with the gallows。〃
'41' Mortimer…Ternaux; I。 379 (note on Jourdan; by Faure; deputy)。
Barbaroux; 〃Mémoires〃(Ed。 Dauban); 392。 〃After the death of Patrix a
general had to be elected。 Nobody wanted the place in an army that had
just shown so great a lack of discipline。 Jourdan arose and declared
that as far as he was concerned; he was ready to accept the position。
No reply was made。 He nominated himself; and asked the soldiers if
they wanted him for general。 A drunkard is likely to please other
drunkards; they applauded him; and he was thus proclaimed。〃
'42' After a famous brigand in Dauphiny; named Mandrin。…TR。 'Mandrin;
(Louis) (Saint étienne…de… Saint…Geoirs; Isère; 1724 … Valence;
1755)。 French smuggler who; after 1750; was active over an enormous
territory with the support of the population; hunted down by the army;
caught; condemned to death to be broken alive on the wheel。 See also
Taine's explanation in Ancient Régime page 356 app。 (SR)。'
'43' Cf。 André; passim; and Soulier; passim。 … Mercure de France;
June 4; 1791。 〃Archives Nationales;〃 F7; 3197。 Letter of Madame de
Gabrielli; March 14; 1791。 (Her house is pillaged Jan。 10; and she and
her maid escape by the roof。) Report of the municipal officers of
Tarascon; May 22。 〃The troop which has entered the district pillages
everything it can lay its hands on。〃 Letter of the syndic…attorney
of Orange; May 22。 〃Last Wednesday; a little girl ten years of age; on
her way from Chateauneuf to Courtheson; was violated by one on of
them; and the poor child is almost dead。 〃 Dispatch of the three
commissioners to the Minister; May 21。 〃It is now fully proved by men
who are perfectly reliable that the pretended patriots; said to have
acted so gloriously at Sarrians; are cannibals equally execrated both
at Avignon and Carpentras。〃
'44' 〃Archives Nationales;〃 letter of the Directory of the Bouches…du…
Rh?ne; May 21; 1791。 Deliberations of the Avignon municipality;
associated with the notables and the military committee; May 15: 〃The
enormous expense attending the pay and food for the detachments 。 。
。forced contributions。 。 。 What is most revolting is that those who
are charged with the duty arbitrarily tax the inhabitants; according
as they arc deemed bad or good patriots。 。 。 The municipality; the
military committee; and the club of the Friends of the Constitution
dared to make a protest; the proscription against them is their reward
for their attachment to the French constitution。
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