the origins of contemporary france-3-第45部分

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＇Applause　from　the　galleries。＇　If　citizens　who　are　zealous　enough　to

make　war　on　abuses　are　sent　back　to　their　departments　we　shall　never

have　denunciations〃　＇The　applause　is　renewed。＇　…　Ibid。；　X；　504

（session　of　Nov。　29）。　Speech　by　Isnard：　〃Our　ministers　must　know　that

we　are　not　fully　satisfied　with　the　conduct　of　each　of　them　＇repeated

applause＇；　that　henceforth　they　must　simply　choose　between　public

gratitude　and　the　vengeance　of　the　law；　and　that　our　understanding　of

the　word　responsibility　　is　death。〃　＇The　applause　is　renewed。＇　　The

Assembly　orders　this　speech　to　be　printed　and　sent　into　the

departments。　…　Cf。　XII；　73；　138；　etc。



＇7＇　Moniteur；　XI。　603。　（Session　of　March　10。　Speech　by　Brissot；　to

secure　a　decree　of　accusation　against　M。　Delessart；　Minister　of

Foreign　Affairs。）　M。　Delessart　is　a　〃perfidious　man；〃　for　having

stated　in　a　dispatch　that　〃the　Constitution；　with　the　great　majority

of　the　nation；　has　become　a　sort　of　religion　which　is　embraced　with

the　greatest　enthusiasm。〃　Brissot　denounces　these　two　expressions　as

inadequate　and　anti…patriotic。…Ibid。；　XII。　438　（session　of　May　20）。

Speech　by　Guadet：　〃Larivière；　the　juge…de…paix；　has　convicted　himself

of　the　basest　and　most　atrocious　of　passions；　in　having　desired　to

usurp　the　power　which　the　Constitution　has　placed　in　the　hands　of　the

National　Assembly。〃　　I　do　not　believe　that　Laubardemont　himself

could　have　composed　anything　equal　to　these　two　speeches。　　Cf。　XII。

462　（session　of　May　23）。　Speech　by　Brissot　and　one　by　Gonsonné　on　the

Austrian　committee。　The　feebleness　and　absurdity　of　their　argument　is

incredible。



＇8＇　Affairs　of　the　Minister　Duport…Dutertre　and　of　the　Ambassador　to

Vienna；　M。　de　Noailles。



＇9＇　Mercure　de　France；　March　10；　1792。



＇10＇　Moniteur；　　XI。　607　（session　of　March　10）。



＇11＇　Moniteur；　XII　。396　（session　of　May　15）。　Isnard's　address　is　the

ground…plan　of　Roland's　famous　letter。　　Cf。　passim；　the　sessions　of

the　Assembly　during　the　Girondist　ministry；　especially　those　of　May　19

and　20；　June　5；　etc。



＇12＇　Dumouriez；　〃Mémoires；〃　book　III。　ch。　VI。



＇13＇　〃Letter　of　a　young　mechanician；〃　proposing　to　make　a

constitutional　king；　which；　〃by　means　of　a　spring；　would　receive　from

the　hands　of　the　president　of　the　Assembly　a　list　of　ministers

designated　by　the　majority〃　（1791）。



＇14＇　Servan；　who　was　Girondist　minister　of　war；　proposed　to　let　20　000

fédérés　　or　provincial　National　guards　establish　themselves　outside

Paris。　（SR）。



＇15＇　You　will　meet　this　sinister　expression　later　on　when　the

Government　ceased　killing　in　France　but　simply　sent　undesirables　and

imaginary　or　real　opponents　overseas　to　death…camps。　Transportation

was　used　by　Stalin　and　Hitler　only　their　extermination　took　place　in

their　own　countries　not　overseas。　（SR）。



＇16＇　Moniteur；　XI。　426　（session　of　May　19）。　Speech　by　Lasource：　〃Could

not　things　be　so　arranged　as　to　have　a　considerable　force　near　enough

to　the　capital　to　terrify　and　keep　inactive　the　factions；　the

intriguers；　the　traitors　who　are　plotting　perfidious　plans　in　its

bosom；　simultaneously　with　the　maneuvers　of　outside　enemies？〃



＇17＇　'Mallet　du　Pan；　〃Mémoires。〃　I。　303。　Letter　of　Malouet；　June　29：

〃The　king　is　calm　and　perfectly　resigned。　On　the　19th　he　wrote　to　his

confessor：　〃Come；　sir；　never　have　I　had　so　much　need　of　your

consolations。　I　am　done　with　men；　I　must　now　turn　my　eyes　to　heaven。

Sad　events　are　announced　for　to…morrow。　I　shall　have　courage。'　〃　

〃Lettres　de　Coray　au　Protopsalte　de　Smyrne〃　（translated　by　M。　de　Queux

de　Saint…Hilaire；）　145；　May　1st：　〃The　court　is　in　peril　every　moment。

Do　not　be　surprised　if　I　write　you　some　day　that　his　unhappy　king　and

his　wife　are　assassinated。〃。〃



＇18＇　Rétif　de　la　Bretonne；　〃Nuits　de　Paris；〃　VoL　XVI。　（analyzed　by

Lacroix　in　〃Bibliothèque　de　Rétif　de　la　Bretonne〃　）。　Rétif　is　the

man　in　Paris　who　lived　the　most　in　the　streets　and　had　the　most

intercourse　with　the　low　class。



＇19＇　〃Archives　Nationales；〃　F7；　3276。　Letter　from　the　Directory　of

Clamecy；　March　27；　and　official　report　of　the　civil　commissioners；

March　31；　1792；　on　the　riot　of　the　raftsmen。　Tracu；　their　captain；

armed　with　a　cudgel　ten　feet　long；　compelled　peaceful　people　to　march

along　with　him；　threatening　to　knock　them　down；　he　tried　to　get　the

head　of　Peynier；　the　clerk　of　the　Paris　dealers　in　wood。　〃I　shall　have

a　good　supper　to…night；〃　he　exclaimed　〃（or　the　head　of　that　bastard

Peynier　is　a　fat　one；　and　I'll　stick　it　in　my　Pot！〃



＇20＇　Letters　of　Coray；　126。　〃This　pillaging　has　lasted　three　days；

Jan。　22；　23　and　24；　and　we　expect　from　hour　to　hour　similar　riots

still　more　terrible。〃



＇21＇　Mercier　（〃　Tableau　de　Paris〃）　had　already　noticed　before　the

Revolution　this　habit　of　the　Parisian　workman；　especially　among　the

lowest　class　of　workmen。



＇22＇　Mortimer…Ternaux；　1。346　（letter　of　June　21；　1792）。



＇23＇　Buchez　et　Roux；　　VIII。　25　（session　of　the　National　Assembly；

Nov。10；　1790）。　Petition　presented　by　Danton　in　the　name　of　the　forty…

eight　sections　of　Paris。



＇24＇　Buchez　et　Roux；　XIV。　268　（May。　1792）。　Article　by　Robespierre

against　the　fête　decreed　in　honor　of　Simonneau；　Mayor　of　Etampes；

assassinated　in　a　riot：　〃Simonneau　was　guilty　before　he　became　a

victim。〃



＇25＇　How　can　one　forget　that　great　seducer　of　the　masses　Hitler？　In

his　book　〃Hitler　Speaks〃　page　208　Rauschning　reports　Hitler　as　saying：

〃It　is　true　that　the　masses　are　uncritical；　but　not　in　the　way　these

idiots　of　Marxists　and　　reactionaries　imagine。　The　masses　have　their

critical　faculties；　too；　but　they　function　differently　from　those　of

the　private　individual。　The　masses　are　like　an　animal　they　obeys

instincts。　They　do　not　reach　conclusions　by　reasoning。　My　success　in

initiating　the　greatest　people's　movement　of　all　time　is　due　to　my

never　having　done　anything　in　violation　of　the　vital　laws　and　feelings

of　the　mass。　These　feelings　may　be　primitive；　but　they　have　the

resistance　and　indestructibility　of　natural　qualities。　A　once

intensely　felt　experience　in　the　life　of　the　masses；　like　ration　cards

and　inflation；　will　never　again　be　driven　out　of　their　blood。　The

masses　have　a　simple　system　of　thinking　and　feeling；　and　anything　that

cannot　be　fitted　into　it　disturbs　them。　It　is　only　because　I　take

their　vital　laws　into　consideration　that　I　can　rule　them。〃



＇26＇　　Moniteur；　　XII。　254。　…　According　to　the　royal　almanac　of　1792

the　Paris　national　guard　comprises　32；000　men；　divided　into　sixty

battalions；　to　which　must　be　added　the　battalions　of　pikemen；

spontaneously　organized　and　composed；　especially　of　the　non…active

citizens。　…　Cf。　in　〃Les　Révolutions　de　Paris；〃　Prudhomme's　Journal；

the　engravings　which　represent　this　sort　of　procession。



＇27＇　Buchez　et　Roux；　XV。　122。　Declaration　of　Lareynie；　a　volunteer

soldier　in　the　Ile　Saint…Louis　battalion。　　To　those　which　he　names　I

add　Huguenin；　because　on　the　20th　of　June　it　was　his　duty　to　read　the

petition　of　the　rioters；　also　Saint…Huruge；　because　he　led　the　mob

with　Santerre。　　About　Rossignol；　Cf。　Dauban；　〃La　Demagogie　à　Paris；〃

369　（according　to　the　manuscript　memoirs　of　Mercier　du　Rocher）。　He

reaches　Fontenay　Aug。21；　1793；　with　the　representative　Bourbotte；

Momoro；　commissary…general；　three　adjutants；　Moulins；　Hasard；　the　ex…

priest；　Grammont；　an　ex…actor　and　several　prostitutes。　　〃The　prettiest

shared　her　bed　with　Bourbotte　and　Rossignol。〃　They　lodge　in　a　mansion

to　which　seals　are　affixed。　〃The　seals　were　broken；　and　jewelry；

dresses；　and　female　apparel　were　confiscated　for　the　benefit　of　the

general　and　his　followers。　There　was　nothing；　even　down　to　the

crockery；　which　did　not　become　the　booty　of　these　self…styled

republicans〃



＇28＇　Mathon　de　la　Varenne；　〃Histoire　particulière　des　événements　qui

ont　eu　lieu　en　juin；　juillet；　ao？t；　et　septembre；　1792；〃　p。　23。　（He

knew　Saint…Huruge　personally。）　Saint…Huruge　had　married　an　actress　at

Lyons　in　1778。　On　returning　to　Paris　he　learned　through　the　police

that　his　wife　was　a　trollop；　and　he　treated　her　accordingly。　Enraged；

she　looked　up　Saint…Huruge's　past　career；　and　found　two　charges

against　him；　one　for　the　robbery　and　assassination　of　an　alien

merchant；　and　the　other　for　infanticide；　she　obtained　his

incarceration　by　a　lettre…de…cachet。　He　was　shut　in　Charenton　from

Jan。　14；　1781；　to　December；　1784；　when　he　was　transferred　to　another

prison　and　afterwards　exiled　to　his　estates；　from　which　he　fled　to

England。　　He　returned　to　France　on　the　outbreak　of　the　Revolution。



＇29＇　With　respect　to　connivance；　　Cf。　Mortimer…Ternaux；　I。　132　and　the

following　pages。　…　Mallet　du　Pan；　〃Mémoires；〃　I。　300。　Letter　of　the

Abbé　de　Pradt；　June　21；　1795。　〃The　insurrection　had　been　announced　for

several　days。　。　。　The　evening　before；　150　deputies　so　many　Jacobins；

had　dined　at　their　great　table　in　the　Champs…Elysées；　and　distributed

presents　of　wine　and　food。〃



＇30＇　Moniteur；　XII。　642　（session　of　June　12；　1792；　narrative　of　M。

Delfaux；　deputy）。　…　The　execution　of　Damiens　was　witnessed　by

Parisians　still　living；　while　〃Charles　IX。；；〃　by　Marie　Chénier；　was　at

this　time　the　most　popular　tragedy。　　　The　French　people；〃　says　M。

Ferières　（I。　35）；　〃went　away　from　its　representation　eager　for

vengeance　and　tormented　with　a　thirst　for　blood。　At　the　end　of　the

fourth　act　a　lugubrious　bell　announces　the　moment　of　the　massacre；　and

the　audience；　drawing　in　its　breath　sighing　and　groaning；　furiously

exclaims　silence！　silence！　as　if　fearing　that　the　sound　of　this　death…

knell　had　not　stirred　the　heart　to　its　very　depths。〃　　〃　Révolutions

de　Paris；〃　number　for　June　23；　1792。　〃The　speakers；　under　full　sail；

distributed　their　parts　amongst　themselves；〃　one　against　the　staffs；

another　against　priests；　another　against　judges；　department；　and　the

ministers；　and　especially　the　king。　〃Some　there　are；　and　we　agree　in

this　with　the　sieur　Delfaux；　who　pass　the　measure　and　advis