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the origins of contemporary france-3-第69部分

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Cassagnac; II。 257。 A commissary of the section of the Quatre…Nations

states in his report that 〃the section authorized them to pay expenses

out of the affair。〃 … Declaration of Jourdan; 151。 … Lavalette;

〃Mémoires;〃 I。 91。 The initiative of the commune is further proved by

the following detail: 〃Towards five o'clock (Sept。 2) city officials

on horseback; carrying a flag; rode through the streets crying: 'To

arms! To arms!' They added: 'The enemy is coming; you are all lost;

the city will be burnt and given up to pillage。 Have no fear of the

traitors or conspirators behind your backs。 They are in the hands of

the patriots; and before you leave the thunderbolt of national justice

will fall on them!〃 … Buchez et Roux; XXVIII。 105。 Letter of Chevalier

Saint…Dizier; member of the first committee of supervision; Sept。 10。

〃Marat; Duplain; Fréron; etc。; generally do no more in their

supervision of things than wreak private vengeance。 。 。 Marat states

openly that 40;000 heads must still be knocked off to ensure the

success of the revolution。〃



'77' Buchez et Roux; XVIII。 146。 〃Ma Résurrection;〃 by Mathon de la

Varenne。 〃The evening before half…intoxicated women said publicly on

the Feuillants terrace: 'To…morrow is the day when their souls will be

turned inside out in the prisons。〃



'78' 〃Mémoires sur les journées de Septembre。 Mon agonie;〃 by Journiac

de Saint…Méard。  Madame de la Fausse…Landry; 72。 The 29th of August

she obtained permission to join her uncle in prison: 〃M。 Sergent and

others told me that I was acting imprudently; that the prisons were

not safe。〃



'79' Granier de Cassagnac;  II。 27。 According to Roch Marcandier

their number 〃did not exceed 300。〃 According to Louvet there were

〃200; and perhaps not that number。〃 According to Brissot; the

massacres were committed by about 〃a hundred unknown brigands。〃 

Pétion; at La Force (Ibid。; 75); on September 6; finds only about a

dozen executioners。 According to Madame Roland (II。 35); 〃there were

not fifteen at the Abbaye。〃 Lavalette the first day finds only about

fifty killers at the La Force prison。



'80' Mathon de la Varenne;  ibid。; 137。



'81' Buchez et Roux; XVII。 183 (session of the Jacobin Club; Aug。 27)。

Speech by a federate from Tarn。 … Mortimer…Ternaux; III。 126。



'82' Sicard; 80。  Méhée; 187。  Weber; II。 279。  Cf。; in Journiac

de Saint…Méard; his conversation with a Proven?al。  Rétif de la

Bretonne; 〃Les Nuits de Paris;〃 375。  〃About 2 o'clock in the morning

(Sept。 3) I heard a troop of cannibals passing under my window; none

of whom appeared to have the Parisian accent; they were all

strangers。〃



'83' Granier de Cassagnac; II。 164; 502。  Mortimer…Ternaux; III。

530。  Maillard's assessors at the Abbaye were a watchmaker living in

the Rue Childebert; a fruit…dealer in the Rue Mazarine; a keeper of a

public house in the Rue du Four…Saint…Germain; a journeyman hatter in

the Rue Sainte…Marguerite; and two others whose occupation is not

mentioned。  On the composition of the tribunal at La Force; Cf。

Journiac de Saint…Méard; 120; and Weber; II。 261。



'84' Granier de Cassagnac; II。 507 (on Damiens); 513 (on L'empereur)。

 Meillan; 388 (on Laforet and his wife; old…clothes dealers on the

Quai du Louvre; who on the 31st of May prepare for a second blow; and

calculate this time on having for their share the pillaging of fifty

houses)。



'85' Sicard; 98



'86' De Ferrières (Ed。 Berville et Barrière); III。 486。  Rétif de la

Bretonne; 381。 At the end of the Rue des Ballets a prisoner had just

been killed; while the next one slipped through the railing and

escaped。 〃A man not belonging to the butchers; but one of those

thoughtless machines of which there are so many; interposed his pike

and stopped him。 。 。 The poor fellow was arrested by his pursuers and

massacred。 The pikeman coolly said to us: 'I couldn't know they wanted

to kill him。'〃



'87' Granier de Cassagnac; II。 511。



'88' The judges and slaughterers at the Abbaye; discovered in the

trial of the year IV。; almost all lived in the neighborhood; in the

rues Dauphine; de Nevers; Guégénaud; de Bussy; Childebert; Taranne; de

l'Ego?t; du Vieux Colombier; de l'Echaudé…Saint…Benoit; du Four…Saint…

Germain; etc。



'89' Sicard; 86; 87; 101。  Jourdan; 123。 〃The president of the

committee of supervision replied to me that these were very honest

persons; that on the previous evening or the evening before that; one

of them; in a shirt and wooden shoes; presented himself before their

committee all covered with blood; bringing with him in his hat twenty…

five louis in gold; which he had found on the person of a man he had

killed。〃  Another instance of probity may be found in the 〃Procès…

verbaux du conseil…général de la Commune de Versailles;〃 367; 371。 

On the following day; Sept。 3;  robberies commence and go on

increasing。



'90' Méhée; 179。 〃'Would you believe that I have earned only twenty…

four francs?' said a baker's boy armed with a club。 'I killed more

than forty for my share。'〃



'91' Granier de Cassagnac。 II。 153。  Cf。 Ibid。; 202…209; details on

the meals of the workmen and on the more delicate repast of Maillard

and his assistants。



'92' Mortimer…Ternaux; III。 175…176。 … Granier de Cassagnac。 II。 84。 …

… Jourdan; 222。  Méhée; 179。 〃At midnight they came back swearing;

cursing; and foaming with rage; threatening to cut the throats of the

committee in a body if they were not instantly paid。〃



'93' Mortimer…Ternaux; III。 320。 Speech by Pétion on the charges

preferred against Robespierre。



'94' Mathon de la Varenne; 156。  Journiac de Saint…Méard; 129。 …

Moore; 267。



'95' Journiac de Saint…Méard; 115。



'96' Weber; II。 265。  Journiac de Saint…Méard; 129。  Mathon de la

Varenne; 155。



'97' Moore; 267。  Cf。 Malouet; II。 240。 Malouet; on the evening of

Sept。 1; was at his sister…in…law's; there is a domiciliary visit at

midnight; she faints on hearing the patrol mount the stairs。  〃I

begged them not to enter the drawing…room; so as not to disturb the

poor sufferer。 The sight of a woman in a swoon and pleasing in

appearance affected them; and they at once withdrew; leaving me alone

with her。〃  Beaulieu; 〃Essais;〃 I。 108。 (Regarding the two Abbaye

butchers he meets in the house of Journiac…de…Saint…Méard; and who

chat with him while issuing him with a safe…conduct): 〃What struck me

was to detect generous sentiments through their ferocity; those of men

determined to protect any one whose cause they adopted。〃



'98' Weber; II。 265; 348。



'99' Sicard; 101。 Billaud…Varennes; addressing the slaughterers。 …

Ibid。75。 〃Greater power;〃 replied a member of the committee of

supervision; 〃what are you thinking of? To give you greater power

would be limiting those you have already。 Have you forgotten that you

are sovereigns? That the sovereignty of the people is confided to you;

and that you are now in full exercise of it?〃



'100' Méhée; 171。



'101' Sicard; 81。 At the beginning the Marseilles men themselves were

averse to striking the disarmed; and exclaimed to the crowd: 〃Here;

take our swords and pikes and kill the monsters!〃



'102' Macbeth by Shakespeare: 〃I have supped full with horrors。〃



'103' Observe children drowning a dog or killing a snake。 Tenacity of

life irritates them; as if it were a rebellion against their

despotism; the effect of which is to render them only the more violent

against their victim。



'104' One may recall to mind the effect of bull…fights; also the

irresistible fascination which Saint…Augustin experienced on first

hearing the death…cry of a gladiator in the amphitheater。



'105' Mortimer…Ternaux; III。 131。 Trial of the September actors; the

judge's summing up。 〃The third and forty…sixth witnesses stated that

they saw Monneuse (member of the commune) go to and come from la

Force; express his delight at those sad events that had just occurred;

acting very immorally in relation thereto; adding that there was

violin playing in his presence; and that his colleague danced。〃 …

Sicard; 88。



'106' Sicard; 87; 91。 This expression by a wine…merchant; who wants

the custom of the murderers。 … Granier de Cassagnac; II。 197…200。 The

original bills for wine; straw; and lights have been found。



'107' Sicard; 91。 … Maton de la Varenne; 150。



'108' Mathon de la Varenne; 154。 A man from the suburbs said to him

(Mathon is an advocate):



〃All right; Monsieur Fine…skin; I shall treat myself to a glass of

your blood



'109' Rétif de la Bretonne; 〃Les Nuits de Paris;〃 9th night; p。388。

〃She screamed horribly; whilst the brigands amused themselves with

their disgraceful acts。 Her body even after death was not exempt。

These people had heard that she had been beautiful。〃



'110' Prudhomme; 〃Les Révolutions de Paris;〃 number for Sept。 8; 1792。

〃The people subjected the flower…girl of the Palais…Royal to the law

of retaliation。〃 … Granier de Cassagnac; II。 329。 According to the

bulletin of the revolutionary tribunal; number for Sept。 3。 

Mortimer…Ternaux; III。 291。 Deposition of the caretaker's office of

the Conciergerie prison。  Buchez et Roux; XVII。198。  〃Histoire des

hommes de proi;〃 by Roch Marcandier。



'111' Mortimer…Ternaux III; 257。 Trial of the September murderers;

deposition of Roussel。 … Ib。; 628。



'112' Deposition of the woman Millet; ibid。;  63。  Weber; II。 350。 …

… Roch Marcandier; 197; 198。 … Rétif de la Bretonne; 381。



'113' Deposition of the woman Millet; ibid。;  63。  Weber; II。 350。 …

… Roch Marcandier; 197; 198。 … Rétif de la Bretonne; 381。



'114' On this mechanical and murderous action Cf: Dusaulx; 〃Mémoires;〃

440。 He addresses the bystanders in favor of the prisoners; and;

affected by his words; they hold out their hands to him。 〃But before

this the executioners had struck me on the cheeks with the points of

their pikes; from wh
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