evolution and ethics and other essays-第38部分

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The　following　letter　appeared　in　the　〃Times〃　of　January　2nd；　1891：

〃Dear　Mr。　Tillett；I　have　not　had　patience　to　read　Professor　Huxley's
letters。　The　existence　of　hunger；　nakedness；　misery；　'death　from
insufficient　food；'　even　of　starvation；　is　certain；　and　no　agency　as
yet　reaches　it。　How　can　any　man　hinder　or　discourage　the　giving　of
food　or　help？　　Why　is　the　house　called　a　workhouse？　Because　it　is　for
those　who　cannot　work？　No；　because　it　was　the　house　to　give　work　or
bread。　The　very　name　is　an　argument。　I　am　very　sure　what　Our　Lord　and
His　Apostles　would　do　if　they　were　in　London。　Let　us　be　thankful　even
to　have　a　will　to　do　the　same。

〃Yours　faithfully；
Henry　E。　Card。　Manning。〃

＇293＇


　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　X。

The　〃Times；〃　January　3rd；　1891

SIR；In　my　old　favourite；　〃The　Arabian　Nights；〃　the　motive　of　the
whole　series　of　delightful　narratives　is　that　the　sultan；　who　refuses
to　attend　to　reason；　can　be　got　to　listen　to　a　story。　May　I　try
whether　Cardinal　Manning　is　to　be　reached　in　the　same　way？　When　I　was
attending　the　meeting　of　the　British　Association　in　Belfast　nearly
forty　years　ago；　I　had　promised　to　breakfast　with　the　eminent　scholar
Dr。　Hincks。　Having　been　up　very　late　the　previous　night；　I　was　behind
time；　so；　hailing　an　outside　car；　I　said　to　the　driver　as　I　jumped　on；
〃Now　drive　fast；　I　am　in　a　hurry。〃　Whereupon　he　whipped　up　his　horse
and　set　off　at　a　hand…gallop。　Nearly　jerked　off　my　seat；　I　shouted；
〃My　good　friend；　do　you　know　where　I　want　to　go？〃　〃No；　yer　honner；〃
said　the　driver；　〃but；　any　way；　I　am　driving　fast。〃　I　have　never
forgotten　this　object…lesson　in　the　dangers　of　ill…regulated
enthusiasm。　We　are　all　invited　to　jump　on　to　the　Salvation　Army　car；
which　Mr。　Booth　is　undoubtedly　driving　very　fast。　Some　of　us　have　a
firm　conviction；　not　only　that　he　is　taking　a　very　different　direction
from　that　in　which　we　wish　to　go；　but　that；　before　long；　car　and
driver　will　come　to　grief。　Are　we　to　accept　＇294＇　the　invitation；　even
at　the　bidding　of　the　eminent　person　who　appears　to　think　himself
entitled　to　pledge　the　credit　of　〃Our　Lord　and　His　Apostles〃　in　favour
of　Boothism？

　　　I　am；　Sir；　your　obedient　servant；
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　T。　H。　Huxley。



　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　XI。

The　〃Times；〃　January　13th；　1891

SIR；A　letter　from　Mr。　Booth…Clibborn；　dated　January　3rd；　appeared　in
the　〃Times〃　of　yesterday。　This　elaborate　document　occupies　three
columns　of　small　printspace　enough；　assuredly；　for　an　effectual
reply　to　the　seven　letters　of　mine　to　which　the　writer　refers；　if　any
such　were　forthcoming。　　Mr。　Booth…Clibborn　signs　himself　〃Commissioner
of　the　Salvation　Army　for　France　and　Switzerland；〃　but　he　says　that　he
accepts　my　〃challenge〃　without　the　knowledge　of　his　chiefs。
Considering　the　self…damaging　character　of　his　letter；　it　was；
perhaps；　hardly　necessary　to　make　that　statement。

Mr。　〃Commissioner〃　Booth…Clibborn　speaks　of　my　〃challenge。〃　I　presume
that　he　refers　to　my　request　for　information　about　the　authorship　and
fate　of　〃The　New　Papacy；〃　in　the　letter　＇295＇　published　in　the　〃Times〃
on　December　27th；　1890。　The　〃Commissioner〃　deals　with　this　matter　in
paragraph　No。　4　of　his　letter；　and　I　observe；　with　no　little
satisfaction；　that　he　does　not　venture　to　controvert　any　one　of　the
statements　of　my　witnesses。　He　tacitly　admits　that　the　author　of　〃The
New　Papacy〃　was　a　person　〃greatly　esteemed　in　Toronto；〃　and　that　he
held　〃a　high　position　in　the　army〃；　further；　that　the　Canadian
〃Commissioner〃　thought　it　worth　while　to　pay　the　printer's　bill；　in
order　that　the　copies　already　printed　off　might　be　destroyed　and　the
pamphlet　effectually　suppressed。　Thus　the　essential　facts　of　the　case
are　admitted　and　established　beyond　question。

How　does　Mr。　Booth…Clibborn　try　to　explain　them　away？

〃Mr。　Sumner；　who　wrote　the　little　book　in　a　hot　fit；　soon　regretted　it
（as　any　man　would　do　whose　conscience　showed　him　in　a　calmer　moment
when　his　'respectability'　returned　with　his　repentance；　that　he　had
grossly　misrepresented）；　and　just　before　it　appeared　offered　to　order
its　suppression　if　the　army　would　pay　the　costs　already　incurred；　and
which　he　was　unable　to　bear。〃

〃The　New　Papacy〃　fills　sixty　closely　printed　duodecimo　pages。　It　is
carefully　written；　and　for　the　most　part　in　studiously　moderate
language；　moreover；　it　contains　many　precise　details　and　＇296＇
figures；　the　ascertainment　of　which　must　have　taken　much　time　and
trouble。　Yet；　forsooth；　it　was　written　in　〃a　hot　fit。〃

I　sincerely　hope；　for　the　sake　of　his　own　credit；　that　Mr。
〃Commissioner〃　Booth…Clibborn　does　not　know　as　much　about　this
melancholy　business　as　I　do。　　My　hands　are　unfortunately　tied；　and　I
am　not　at　liberty　to　use　all　the　information　in　my　possession。　I　must
content　myself　with　quoting　the　following　passage　from　the　preface　to
〃The　New　Papacy〃：

〃It　has　not　been　without　considerable　thought　and　a　good　deal　of　urging
that　the　following　pages　have　been　given　to　the　public。　But　though　we
would　have　shrunk　from　a　labour　so　distasteful；　and　have　gladly
avoided　a　notoriety　anything　but　pleasant　to　the　feelings；　or
conducive　to　our　material　welfare；　we　have　felt　that　in　the　interests
of　the　benevolent　public；　in　the　interests　of　religion；　in　the
interests　of　a　band　of　devoted　men　and　women　whose　personal　ends　are
being　defeated；　and　the　fruit　of　whose　labour　is　being　destroyed；　and；
above　all；　in　the　interests　of　that　future　which　lies　before　the
Salvation　Army　itself；　if　purged　and　purified　in　its　executive　and
returned　to　its　original　position　in　the　ranks　of　Canadian　Christian
effort；　it　is　no　more　than　our　duty　to　throw　such　light　as　we　are　able
upon　its　true　inwardness；　and　with　that　object　and　for　the　＇297＇
furtherance　of　those　ends　we　offer　our　pages　to　the　public　view。〃

The　preface　is　dated　April　1889。　According　to　the　statement　in　the
〃Toronto　Telegram〃　which　Mr。　〃Commissioner〃　Booth…Clibborn　does　not
dare　to　dispute；　his　Canadian　fellow…〃Commissioner〃　bought　and
destroyed　the　whole　edition　of　〃The　New　Papacy〃　about　the　end　of　the
third　week　in　April。　It　is　clear　that　the　writer　of　the　paragraph
quoted　from　the　preface　was　well　out　of　a　〃hot　fit；〃　if　he　had　ever
been　in　one；　while　he　had　not　entered　on　the　stage　of　repentance
within　three　weeks　of　that　time。　Mr。　〃Commissioner〃　Booth…Clibborn's
scandalous　insinuations　that　Mr。　Sumner　was　bribed　by　〃a　few
sovereigns；〃　and　that　he　was　〃bought　off；〃　in　the　face　of　his　own
admission　that　Mr。　Sumner　〃offered　to　order　its　suppression　if　the
army　would　pay　the　costs　already　incurred；　and　which　he　was　unable　to
bear〃　is　a　crucial　example　of　that　Jesuitry　with　which　the　officials
of　the　army　have　been　so　frequently　charged。

Mr。　〃Commissioner〃　Booth…Clibborn　says　that　when　〃London　headquarters
heard　of　the　affair；　it　disapproved　of　the　action　of　the
Commissioner。〃　That　circumstance　indicates　that　headquarters　is　not
wholly　devoid　of　intelligence；　but　it　has　nothing　to　do　with　the　value
of　Mr。　Sumner's　evidence；　which　is　all　I　am　concerned　about。　Very
likely　London　headquarters　will　disapprove　of　its　French　＇298＇
〃Commissioner's〃　present　action。　But　what　then？　The　upshot　of　all　this
is　that　Mr。　Booth…Clibborn　has　made　as　great　a　blunder　as　simple　Mr。
Trotter　did。　The　pair　of　Balaams　greatly　desired　to　curse；　but　have
been　compelled　to　bless。　They　have；　between　them；　completely　justified
my　reliance　on　Mr。　Sumner　as　a　perfectly　trustworthy　witness；　and
neither　of　them　has　dared　to　challenge　the　accuracy　of　one　solitary
statement　made　by　that　worthy　gentleman；　whose　full　story　I　hope　some
day　or　other　to　see　set　before　the　public。　Then　the　true　causes　of　his
action　will　be　made　known。

Paragraph　2　of　the　〃Commissioner's〃　letter　says　many　things；　but　not
much　about　Mr。　Hodges。　The　columns　of　the　〃Times〃　recently　showed　that
Mr。　Hodges　was　able　to　compel　an　apology　from　Mr。　Trotter。　I　leave　it
to　him　to　deal　with　the　〃Commissioner。〃

As　to　the　〃Eagle〃　case；　treated　of　in　paragraph　No。　3；　a　gentleman
well　versed　in　the　law；　who　was　in　court　during　the　hearing　of　the
appeal；　has　assured　me　that　the　argument　was　purely　technical；　that
the　facts　were　very　slightly　gone　into；　and　that；　so　far　as　he　knows；
no　dissenting　comment　was　made　on　the　strictures　of　the　Judge　before
whom　the　case　first　came。　　Moreover；　in　the　judgment　of　the　Master　of
the　Rolls；　fully　recorded　in　the　〃Times〃　of　February　14th；　1884；　the
following　passages　occur：

＇299＇　〃The　case　had　been　heard　by　a　learned　Judge；　who　had　exercised
his　discretion　upon　it；　and　the　Court　would　not　interfere　with　his
discretion　unless　they　could　see　that　he　was　wrong。　The　learned　Judge
had　taken　a　strong　view　of　the　conduct　of　the　defendant；　but
nevertheless　had　said　that　he　would　have　given　relief　if　he　could　have
seen　how　far　protection　and　compensation　could　be　given。　And　if　this
Court　differed　from　him　in　that　view；　and　could　give　relief　without
forfeiture；　they　would　be　acting　on　his　own　principle　in　doing　so。
Certain　suggestions　had　been　made　with　that　view；　and　the　Court　had　to
consider　the　case　under　all　the　circumstances。。。。　He　himself　（the
Master　of　the　Rolls）　considered　that　it　was　probable　the　defendant；
with　his　principles；　had　intended　to　destroy　the　property　as　a
public…house；　and　that　it　was　not　right　thus　to　take　property　under　a
covenant　to　keep　it　up　as　a　public…house；　intending　to　destroy　it　as
such。　　He　did　not；　however；　think　this　was　enough　to　deprive　him　of
all　relief。　The　defendant　could　only　expect　severe　terms。〃

Yet；　Sir；　Mr。　〃Commissioner〃　Booth…Clibborn；　this　high　official　of　the
Salvation　Army；　has　the　audacity　to　tell　the　public　that　if　I　had　made
inquiries　I　should　have　found　that　〃in　the　Court　of　Appeal　the　Judge
reversed　the　decision　of　his　predecessor　as　regards　seven　eighths　of
the　property；　and　the　General　was　declared　to　have　acted　＇300＇　all
along　with　straight　forwardness　and　good　faith。〃

But　the　nature　of　Mr。　〃Commissioner〃　Booth…Clibborn's　conceptions　of
straightforwardness　and　good　faith　is　so　marvellously　illustrated　by
the　portions　of　his　letter　with　which　I　have　dealt　that　I　doubt　not
his　statements　are　quite　up　to　the　level　of　the　〃Army〃　Regulations　an