the six enneads-第60部分

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r　any　particular　tract　of　Movement。　　　　　Further：　Why　should　the　mere　presence　of　a　number　give　us　Time…　a　number　measuring　or　measured；　for　the　same　number　may　be　either…　if　Time　is　not　given　us　by　the　fact　of　Movement　itself；　the　Movement　which　inevitably　contains　in　itself　a　succession　of　stages？　To　make　the　number　essential　to　Time　is　like　saying　that　magnitude　has　not　its　full　quantity　unless　we　can　estimate　that　quantity。　　　　　Again；　if　Time　is；　admittedly；　endless；　how　can　number　apply　to　it？　　　　　Are　we　to　take　some　portion　of　Time　and　find　its　numerical　statement？　That　simply　means　that　Time　existed　before　number　was　applied　to　it。　　　　　We　may；　therefore；　very　well　think　that　it　existed　before　the　Soul　or　Mind　that　estimates　it…　if；　indeed；　it　is　not　to　be　thought　to　take　its　origin　from　the　Soul…　for　no　measurement　by　anything　is　necessary　to　its　existence；　measured　or　not；　it　has　the　full　extent　of　its　being。　　　　　And　suppose　it　to　be　true　that　the　Soul　is　the　appraiser；　using　Magnitude　as　the　measuring　standard；　how　does　this　help　us　to　the　conception　of　Time？　　　　　10。　Time；　again；　has　been　described　as　some　sort　of　a　sequence　upon　Movement；　but　we　learn　nothing　from　this；　nothing　is　said；　until　we　know　what　it　is　that　produces　this　sequential　thing：　probably　the　cause　and　not　the　result　would　turn　out　to　be　Time。　　　　　And；　admitting　such　a　thing；　there　would　still　remain　the　question　whether　it　came　into　being　before　the　movement；　with　it；　or　after　it；　and；　whether　we　say　before　or　with　or　after；　we　are　speaking　of　order　in　Time：　and　thus　our　definition　is　〃Time　is　a　sequence　upon　movement　in　Time！〃　　　　　Enough：　Our　main　purpose　is　to　show　what　Time　is；　not　to　refute　false　definition。　To　traverse　point　by　point　the　many　opinions　of　our　many　predecessors　would　mean　a　history　rather　than　an　identification；　we　have　treated　the　various　theories　as　fully　as　is　possible　in　a　cursory　review：　and；　notice；　that　which　makes　Time　the　Measure　of　the　All…Movement　is　refuted　by　our　entire　discussion　and；　especially；　by　the　observations　upon　the　Measurement　of　Movement　in　general；　for　all　the　argument…　except；　of　course；　that　from　irregularity…　applies　to　the　All　as　much　as　to　particular　Movement。　　　　　We　are；　thus；　at　the　stage　where　we　are　to　state　what　Time　really　is。　　　　　11。　To　this　end　we　must　go　back　to　the　state　we　affirmed　of　Eternity；　unwavering　Life；　undivided　totality；　limitless；　knowing　no　divagation；　at　rest　in　unity　and　intent　upon　it。　Time　was　not　yet：　or　at　least　it　did　not　exist　for　the　Eternal　Beings；　though　its　being　was　implicit　in　the　Idea　and　Principle　of　progressive　derivation。　　　　　But　from　the　Divine　Beings　thus　at　rest　within　themselves；　how　did　this　Time　first　emerge？　　　　　We　can　scarcely　call　upon　the　Muses　to　recount　its　origin　since　they　were　not　in　existence　then…　perhaps　not　even　if　they　had　been。　The　engendered　thing；　Time；　itself；　can　best　tell　us　how　it　rose　and　became　manifest；　something　thus　its　story　would　run：　　　　　Time　at　first…　in　reality　before　that　〃first〃　was　produced　by　desire　of　succession…　Time　lay；　self…concentrated；　at　rest　within　the　Authentic　Existent：　it　was　not　yet　Time；　it　was　merged　in　the　Authentic　and　motionless　with　it。　But　there　was　an　active　principle　there；　one　set　on　governing　itself　and　realizing　itself　＇=　the　All…Soul＇；　and　it　chose　to　aim　at　something　more　than　its　present：　it　stirred　from　its　rest；　and　Time　stirred　with　it。　And　we；　stirring　to　a　ceaseless　succession；　to　a　next；　to　the　discrimination　of　identity　and　the　establishment　of　ever…new　difference；　traversed　a　portion　of　the　outgoing　path　and　produced　an　image　of　Eternity；　produced　Time。　　　　　For　the　Soul　contained　an　unquiet　faculty；　always　desirous　of　translating　elsewhere　what　it　saw　in　the　Authentic　Realm；　and　it　could　not　bear　to　retain　within　itself　all　the　dense　fullness　of　its　possession。　　　　　A　Seed　is　at　rest；　the　nature…principle　within；　uncoiling　outwards；　makes　way　towards　what　seems　to　it　a　large　life；　but　by　that　partition　it　loses；　it　was　a　unity　self…gathered；　and　now；　in　going　forth　from　itself；　it　fritters　its　unity　away；　it　advances　into　a　weaker　greatness。　It　is　so　with　this　faculty　of　the　Soul；　when　it　produces　the　Kosmos　known　to　sense…　the　mimic　of　the　Divine　Sphere；　moving　not　in　the　very　movement　of　the　Divine　but　in　its　similitude；　in　an　effort　to　reproduce　that　of　the　Divine。　To　bring　this　Kosmos　into　being；　the　Soul　first　laid　aside　its　eternity　and　clothed　itself　with　Time；　this　world　of　its　fashioning　it　then　gave　over　to　be　a　servant　to　Time；　making　it　at　every　point　a　thing　of　Time；　setting　all　its　progressions　within　the　bournes　of　Time。　For　the　Kosmos　moves　only　in　Soul…　the　only　Space　within　the　range　of　the　All　open　to　it　to　move　in…　and　therefore　its　Movement　has　always　been　in　the　Time　which　inheres　in　Soul。　　　　　Putting　forth　its　energy　in　act　after　act；　in　a　constant　progress　of　novelty；　the　Soul　produces　succession　as　well　as　act；　taking　up　new　purposes　added　to　the　old　it　brings　thus　into　being　what　had　not　existed　in　that　former　period　when　its　purpose　was　still　dormant　and　its　life　was　not　as　it　since　became：　the　life　is　changed　and　that　change　carries　with　it　a　change　of　Time。　Time；　then；　is　contained　in　differentiation　of　Life；　the　ceaseless　forward　movement　of　Life　brings　with　it　unending　Time；　and　Life　as　it　achieves　its　stages　constitutes　past　Time。　　　　　Would　it；　then；　be　sound　to　define　Time　as　the　Life　of　the　Soul　in　movement　as　it　passes　from　one　stage　of　act　or　experience　to　another？　　　　　Yes；　for　Eternity；　we　have　said；　is　Life　in　repose；　unchanging；　self…identical；　always　endlessly　complete；　and　there　is　to　be　an　image　of　Eternity…Time…　such　an　image　as　this　lower　All　presents　of　the　Higher　Sphere。　Therefore　over　against　that　higher　life　there　must　be　another　life；　known　by　the　same　name　as　the　more　veritable　life　of　the　Soul；　over　against　that　movement　of　the　Intellectual　Soul　there　must　be　the　movement　of　some　partial　phase；　over　against　that　identity；　unchangeableness　and　stability　there　must　be　that　which　is　not　constant　in　the　one　hold　but　puts　forth　multitudinous　acts；　over　against　that　oneness　without　extent　or　interval　there　must　be　an　image　of　oneness；　a　unity　of　link　and　succession；　over　against　the　immediately　infinite　and　all…comprehending；　that　which　tends；　yes；　to　infinity　but　by　tending　to　a　perpetual　futurity；　over　against　the　Whole　in　concentration；　there　must　be　that　which　is　to　be　a　Whole　by　stages　never　final。　The　lesser　must　always　be　working　towards　the　increase　of　its　Being；　this　will　be　its　imitation　of　what　is　immediately　complete；　self…realized；　endless　without　stage：　only　thus　can　its　Being　reproduce　that　of　the　Higher。　　　　　Time；　however；　is　not　to　be　conceived　as　outside　of　Soul；　Eternity　is　not　outside　of　the　Authentic　Existent：　nor　is　it　to　be　taken　as　a　sequence　or　succession　to　Soul；　any　more　than　Eternity　is　to　the　Divine。　It　is　a　thing　seen　upon　Soul；　inherent；　coeval　to　it；　as　Eternity　to　the　Intellectual　Realm。　　　　　12。　We　are　brought　thus　to　the　conception　of　a　Natural…Principle…　Time…　a　certain　expanse　＇a　quantitative　phase＇　of　the　Life　of　the　Soul；　a　principle　moving　forward　by　smooth　and　uniform　changes　following　silently　upon　each　other…　a　Principle；　then；　whose　Act　is　sequent。　　　　　But　let　us　conceive　this　power　of　the　Soul　to　turn　back　and　withdraw　from　the　life…course　which　it　now　maintains；　from　the　continuous　and　unending　activity　of　an　ever…existent　soul　not　self…contained　or　self…intent　but　concerned　about　doing　and　engendering：　imagine　it　no　longer　accomplishing　any　Act；　setting　a　pause　to　this　work　it　has　inaugurated；　let　this　outgoing　phase　of　the　Soul　become　once　more；　equally　with　the　rest；　turned　to　the　Supreme；　to　Eternal　Being；　to　the　tranquilly　stable。　　　　　What　would　then　exist　but　Eternity？　　　　　All　would　remain　in　unity；　how　could　there　be　any　diversity　of　things？　What　Earlier　or　Later　would　there　be；　what　long…lasting　or　short…lasting？　What　ground　would　lie　ready　to　the　Soul's　operation　but　the　Supreme　in　which　it　has　its　Being？　Or；　indeed；　what　operative　tendency　could　it　have　even　to　That　since　a　prior　separation　is　the　necessary　condition　of　tendency？　　　　　The　very　sphere　of　the　Universe　would　not　exist；　for　it　cannot　antedate　Time：　it；　too；　has　its　Being　and　its　Movement　in　Time；　and　if　it　ceased　to　move；　the　Soul…Act　＇which　is　the　essence　of　Time＇　continuing；　we　could　measure　the　period　of　its　Repose　by　that　standard　outside　it。　　　　　If；　then；　the　Soul　withdrew；　sinking　itself　again　into　its　primal　unity；　Time　would　disappear：　the　origin　of　Time；　clearly；　is　to　be　traced　to　the　first　stir　of　the　Soul's　tendency　towards　the　production　of　the　sensible　universe　with　the　consecutive　act　ensuing。　This　is　how　〃Time〃…　as　we　read…　〃came　into　Being　simultaneously〃　with　this　All：　the　Soul　begot　at　once　the　Universe　and　Time；　in　that　activity　of　the　Soul　this　Universe　sprang　into　being；　the　activity　is　Time；　the　Universe　is　a　content　of　Time。　No　doubt　it　will　be　urged　that　we　read　also　of　the　orbit　of　the　Stars　being　Times〃：　but　do　not　forget　what　follows；　〃the　stars　exist；〃　we　are　told；　〃for　the　display　and　delimitation　of　Time；〃　and　〃that　there　may　be　a　manifest　Measure。〃　No　indication　of　Time　could　be　derived　from　＇observation　of＇　the　Soul；　no　portion　of　it　can　be　seen　or　handled；　so　it　could　not　be　measured　in　itself；　especially　when　there　was　as　yet　no　knowledge　of　counting；　therefore　the　Soul　brings　into　being　night　and　day；　in　their　difference　is　given　Duality…　from　which；　we　read；　arises　the　concept　of　Number。　　　　　We　observe　the　tract　between　a　sunrise　and　its　return　and；　as　the　movement　is　uniform；　we　thus　obtain　a　Time…interval　upon　which　to　measure　ourselves；　and　we　use　this　as　a　standard。　We　have　thus　a　measure　of　Time。　Time　itself　is　not　a　measure。　How　would　it　set　to　work？　And　what　kind　of　thing　is　there　of　which　it　could　say；　〃I　find　the　extent　of　this　equal　to　such　and　such　a　stretch　of　my　own　extent？〃　What　is　this　〃I〃？　Obviously　something　by　which　measurement　is　known。　Time；　then；　serves　towards　measurement　but　is　not　itself　the　Measure：　the　Movement　of　the　All　will　be　measured　according　to　Time；　but　Time　will　not；　of　its　own　Nature；　be　a　Measure　of　Movement：　primarily　a　Kind　to　itself；　it　will　incidentally　exhibit　th