the wars of the jews-第18部分

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。　The　other　Colossus　of　Rome　was　equal　to　that　of　Juno　at　Argos。　So　he　dedicated　the　city　to　the　province；　and　the　haven　to　the　sailors　there；　but　the　honor　of　the　building　he　ascribed　to　Caesar；　（34）　and　named　it　Cesarea　accordingly。

8。　He　also　built　the　other　edifices；　the　amphitheater；　and　theater；　and　market…place；　in　a　manner　agreeable　to　that　denomination；　and　appointed　games　every　fifth　year；　and　called　them；　in　like　manner；　Caesar's　Games；　and　he　first　himself　proposed　the　largest　prizes　upon　the　hundred　ninety…second　olympiad；　in　which　not　only　the　victors　themselves；　but　those　that　came　next　to　them；　and　even　those　that　came　in　the　third　place；　were　partakers　of　his　royal　bounty。　He　also　rebuilt　Anthedon；　a　city　that　lay　on　the　coast；　and　had　been　demolished　in　the　wars；　and　named　it　Agrippeum。　Moreover；　he　had　so　very　great　a　kindness　for　his　friend　Agrippa；　that　he　had　his　name　engraved　upon　that　gate　which　he　had　himself　erected　in　the　temple。

9。　Herod　was　also　a　lover　of　his　father；　if　any　other　person　ever　was　so；　for　he　made　a　monument　for　his　father；　even　that　city　which　he　built　in　the　finest　plain　that　was　in　his　kingdom；　and　which　had　rivers　and　trees　in　abundance；　and　named　it　Antipatris。　He　also　built　a　wall　about　a　citadel　that　lay　above　Jericho；　and　was　a　very　strong　and　very　fine　building；　and　dedicated　it　to　his　mother；　and　called　it　Cypros。　Moreover；　he　dedicated　a　tower　that　was　at　Jerusalem；　and　called　it　by　the　name　of　his　brother　Phasaelus；　whose　structure；　largeness；　and　magnificence　we　shall　describe　hereafter。　He　also　built　another　city　in　the　valley　that　leads　northward　from　Jericho；　and　named　it　Phasaelis。

10。　And　as　he　transmitted　to　eternity　his　family　and　friends；　so　did　he　not　neglect　a　memorial　for　himself；　but　built　a　fortress　upon　a　mountain　towards　Arabia；　and　named　it　from　himself；　Herodium　（35）　and　he　called　that　hill　that　was　of　the　shape　of　a　woman's　breast；　and　was　sixty　furlongs　distant　from　Jerusalem；　by　the　same　name。　He　also　bestowed　much　curious　art　upon　it；　with　great　ambition；　and　built　round　towers　all　about　the　top　of　it；　and　filled　up　the　remaining　space　with　the　most　costly　palaces　round　about；　insomuch　that　not　only　the　sight　of　the　inner　apartments　was　splendid；　but　great　wealth　was　laid　out　on　the　outward　walls；　and　partitions；　and　roofs　also。　Besides　this；　he　brought　a　mighty　quantity　of　water　from　a　great　distance；　and　at　vast　charges；　and　raised　an　ascent　to　it　of　two　hundred　steps　of　the　whitest　marble；　for　the　hill　was　itself　moderately　high；　and　entirely　factitious。　He　also　built　other　palaces　about　the　roots　of　the　hill；　sufficient　to　receive　the　furniture　that　was　put　into　them；　with　his　friends　also；　insomuch　that；　on　account　of　its　containing　all　necessaries；　the　fortress　might　seem　to　be　a　city；　but；　by　the　bounds　it　had；　a　palace　only。

11。　And　when　he　had　built　so　much；　he　showed　the　greatness　of　his　soul　to　no　small　number　of　foreign　cities。　He　built　palaces　for　exercise　at　Tripoli；　and　Damascus；　and　Ptolemais；　he　built　a　wall　about　Byblus；　as　also　large　rooms；　and　cloisters；　and　temples；　and　market…places　at　Berytus　and　Tyre；　with　theatres　at　Sidon　and　Damascus。　He　also　built　aqueducts　for　those　Laodiceans　who　lived　by　the　sea…side；　and　for　those　of　Ascalon　he　built　baths　and　costly　fountains；　as　also　cloisters　round　a　court；　that　were　admirable　both　for　their　workmanship　and　largeness。　Moreover；　he　dedicated　groves　and　meadows　to　some　people；　nay；　not　a　few　cities　there　were　who　had　lands　of　his　donation；　as　if　they　were　parts　of　his　own　kingdom。　He　also　bestowed　annual　revenues；　and　those　for　ever　also；　on　the　settlements　for　exercises；　and　appointed　for　them；　as　well　as　for　the　people　of　Cos；　that　such　rewards　should　never　be　wanting。　He　also　gave　corn　to　all　such　as　wanted　it；　and　conferred　upon　Rhodes　large　sums　of　money　for　building　ships；　and　this　he　did　in　many　places；　and　frequently　also。　And　when　Apollo's　temple　had　been　burnt　down；　he　rebuilt　it　at　his　own　charges；　after　a　better　manner　than　it　was　before。　What　need　I　speak　of　the　presents　he　made　to　the　Lycians　and　Samnians？　or　of　his　great　liberality　through　all　Ionia？　and　that　according　to　every　body's　wants　of　them。　And　are　not　the　Athenians；　and　Lacedemonians；　and　Nicopolitans；　and　that　Pergamus　which　is　in　Mysia；　full　of　donations　that　Herod　presented　them　withal？　And　as　for　that　large　open　place　belonging　to　Antioch　in　Syria；　did　not　he　pave　it　with　polished　marble；　though　it　were　twenty　furlongs　long？　and　this　when　it　was　shunned　by　all　men　before；　because　it　was　full　of　dirt　and　filthiness；　when　he　besides　adorned　the　same　place　with　a　cloister　of　the　same　length。

12。　It　is　true；　a　man　may　say；　these　were　favors　peculiar　to　those　particular　places　on　which　he　bestowed　his　benefits；　but　then　what　favors　he　bestowed　on　the　Eleans　was　a　donation　not　only　in　common　to　all　Greece；　but　to　all　the　habitable　earth；　as　far　as　the　glory　of　the　Olympic　games　reached。　For　when　he　perceived　that　they　were　come　to　nothing；　for　want　of　money；　and　that　the　only　remains　of　ancient　Greece　were　in　a　manner　gone；　he　not　only　became　one　of　the　combatants　in　that　return　of　the　fifth…year　games；　which　in　his　sailing　to　Rome　he　happened　to　be　present　at；　but　he　settled　upon　them　revenues　of　money　for　perpetuity；　insomuch　that　his　memorial　as　a　combatant　there　can　never　fail。　It　would　be　an　infinite　task　if　I　should　go　over　his　payments　of　people's　debts；　or　tributes；　for　them；　as　he　eased　the　people　of　Phasaelis；　of　Batanea；　and　of　the　small　cities　about　Cilicia；　of　those　annual　pensions　they　before　paid。　However；　the　fear　he　was　in　much　disturbed　the　greatness　of　his　soul；　lest　he　should　be　exposed　to　envy；　or　seem　to　hunt　after　greater　filings　than　he　ought；　while　he　bestowed　more　liberal　gifts　upon　these　cities　than　did　their　owners　themselves。

13。　Now　Herod　had　a　body　suited　to　his　soul；　and　was　ever　a　most　excellent　hunter；　where　he　generally　had　good　success；　by　the　means　of　his　great　skill　in　riding　horses；　for　in　one　day　he　caught　forty　wild　beasts：　（36）　that　country　breeds　also　bears；　and　the　greatest　part　of　it　is　replenished　with　stags　and　wild　asses。　He　was　also　such　a　warrior　as　could　not　be　withstood：　many　men；　therefore；　there　are　who　have　stood　amazed　at　his　readiness　in　his　exercises；　when　they　saw　him　throw　the　javelin　directly　forward；　and　shoot　the　arrow　upon　the　mark。　And　then；　besides　these　performances　of　his　depending　on　his　own　strength　of　mind　and　body；　fortune　was　also　very　favorable　to　him；　for　he　seldom　failed　of　success　in　his　wars；　and　when　he　failed；　he　was　not　himself　the　occasion　of　such　failings；　but　he　either　vas　betrayed　by　some；　or　the　rashness　of　his　own　soldiers　procured　his　defeat。　　CHAPTER　22。

The　Murder　Of　Aristobulus　And　Hyrcanus；　The　High　Priests；　As　Also　Of　Mariamne　The　Queen。

1。　However；　fortune　was　avenged　on　Herod　in　his　external　great　successes；　by　raising　him　up　domestical　troubles；　and　he　began　to　have　wild　disorders　in　his　family；　on　account　of　his　wife；　of　whom　he　was　so　very　fond。　For　when　he　came　to　the　government；　he　sent　away　her　whom　he　had　before　married　when　he　was　a　private　person；　and　who　was　born　at　Jerusalem；　whose　name　was　Doris；　and　married　Mariamne；　the　daughter　of　Alexander；　the　son　of　Aristobulus；　on　whose　account　disturbances　arose　in　his　family；　and　that　in　part　very　soon；　but　chiefly　after　his　return　from　Rome。　For；　first　of　all；　he　expelled　Antipater　the　son　of　Doris；　for　the　sake　of　his　sons　by　Mariamne；　out　of　the　city；　and　permitted　him　to　come　thither　at　no　other　times　than　at　the　festivals。　After　this　he　slew　his　wife's　grandfather；　Hyrcanus；　when　he　was　returned　out　of　Parthin　to　him；　under　this　pretense；　that　he　suspected　him　of　plotting　against　him。　Now　this　Hyrcanus　had　been　carried　captive　to　Barzapharnes；　when　he　overran　Syria；　but　those　of　his　own　country　beyond　Euphrates　were　desirous　he　would　stay　with　them；　and　this　out　of　the　commiseration　they　had　for　his　condition；　and　had　he　complied　with　their　desires；　when　they　exhorted　him　not　to　go　over　the　river　to　lierod；　he　had　not　perished：　but　the　marriage　of　his　granddaughter　＇to　Herod＇　was　his　temptation；　for　as　he　relied　upon　him；　and　was　over…fond　of　his　own　country；　he　came　back　to　it。　Herod's　provocation　was　this；　…　not　that　Hyrcanus　made　any　attempt　to　gain　the　kingdom；　but　that　it　was　fitter　for　him　to　be　their　king　than　for　Herod。　　2。　Now　of　the　five　children　which　Herod　had　by　Mariamne；　two　of　them　were　daughters；　and　three　were　sons；　and　the　youngest　of　these　sons　was　educated　at　Rome；　and　there　died；　but　the　two　eldest　he　treated　as　those　of　royal　blood；　on　account　of　the　nobility　of　their　mother；　and　because　they　were　not　born　till　he　was　king。　But　then　what　was　stronger　than　all　this　was　the　love　that　he　bare　to　Mariamne；　and　which　inflamed　him　every　day　to　a　great　degree；　and　so　far　conspired　with　the　other　motives；　that　he　felt　no　other　troubles；　on　account　of　her　he　loved　so　entirely。　But　Mariamne's　hatred　to　him　was　not　inferior　to　his　love　to　her。　She　had　indeed　but　too　just　a　cause　of　indignation　from　what　he　had　done；　while　her　boldness　proceeded　from　his　affection　to　her；　so　she　openly　reproached　him　with　what　he　had　done　to　her　grandfather　Hyrcanus；　and　to　her　brother　Aristobulus；　for　he　had　not　spared　this　Aristobulus；　though　he　were　but　a　child；　for　when　he　had　given　him　the　high　priesthood　at　the　age　of　seventeen；　he　slew　him　quickly　after　he　had　conferred　that　dignity　upon　him；　but　when　Aristobulus　had　put　on　the　holy　vestments；　and　had　approached　to　the　altar　at　a　festival；　the　multitude；　in　great　crowds；　fell　into　tears；　whereupon　the　child　was　sent　by　night　to　Jericho；　and　was　there　dipped　by　the　Galls；　at　Herod's　command；　in　a　pool　till　he　was　drowned。

3。　For　these　reasons　Mariamne　reproached　Herod；　and　his　sister　and　mother；　after　a　most　contumelious　manner；　while　he　was　dumb　on　account　of　his　affection　for　her；　yet　had　the　women　great　indignation　at　her；　and　raised　a　calumny　against　her；　that　she　was　false　to　his　bed；　which　thing　they　thought　most　likely　to　move　Herod　to　anger。　They　also　contrived　to　have　many　other　circumstances　believed；　in　order　to　make　the　thing　more　credible；　and　accused　her　of　having　sent　her　picture　into