the wars of the jews-第31部分

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efore　he　could　say　any　thing　to　them。　The　like　treatment　they　showed　to　others；　who　came　to　them　after　him；　many　of　which　were　sent　by　Archelaus；　in　order　to　reduce　them　to　sobriety；　and　these　answered　still　on　all　occasions　after　a　passionate　manner；　and　it　openly　appeared　that　they　would　not　be　quiet；　if　their　numbers　were　but　considerable。　And　indeed；　at　the　feast　of　unleavened　bread；　which　was　now　at　hand；　and　is　by　the　Jews　called　the　Passover；　and　used　to　he　celebrated　with　a　great　number　of　sacrifices；　an　innumerable　multitude　of　the　people　came　out　of　the　country　to　worship；　some　of　these　stood　in　the　temple　bewailing　the　Rabbins　＇that　had　been　put　to　death＇；　and　procured　their　sustenance　by　begging；　in　order　to　support　their　sedition。　At　this　Archclaus　was　aftrighted；　and　privately　sent　a　tribune；　with　his　cohort　of　soldiers；　upon　them；　before　the　disease　should　spread　over　the　whole　multitude；　and　gave　orders　that　they　should　constrain　those　that　began　the　tumult；　by　force；　to　be　quiet。　At　these　the　whole　multitude　were　irritated；　and　threw　stones　at　many　of　the　soldiers；　and　killed　them；　but　the　tribune　fled　away　wounded；　and　had　much　ado　to　escape　so。　After　which　they　betook　themselves　to　their　sacrifices；　as　if　they　had　done　no　mischief；　nor　did　it　appear　to　Archelaus　that　the　multitude　could　be　restrained　without　bloodshed；　so　he　sent　his　whole　army　upon　them；　the　footmen　in　great　multitudes；　by　the　way　of　the　city；　and　the　horsemen　by　the　way　of　the　plain；　who；　falling　upon　them　on　the　sudden；　as　they　were　offering　their　sacrifices；　destroyed　about　three　thousand　of　them；　but　the　rest　of　the　multitude　were　dispersed　upon　the　adjoining　mountains：　these　were　followed　by　Archelaus's　heralds；　who　commanded　every　one　to　retire　to　their　own　homes；　whither　they　all　went；　and　left　the　festival。

CHAPTER　2。

Archelaus　Goes　To　Rome　With　A　Great　Number　Of　His　Kindred。　He　Is　There　Accused　Before　Caesar　By　Antipater；　But　Is　Superior　To　His　Accusers　In　Judgment　By　The　Means　Of　That　Defense　Which　Nicolaus　Made　For　Him。

1。　Archelaus　went　down　now　to　the　sea…side；　with　his　mother　and　his　friends；　Poplas；　and　Ptolemy；　and　Nicolaus；　and　left　behind　him　Philip；　to　be　his　steward　in　the　palace；　and　to　take　care　of　his　domestic　affairs。　Salome　went　also　along　with　him　with　her　sons；　as　did　also　the　king's　brethren　and　sons…in…law。　These；　in　appearance；　went　to　give　him　all　the　assistance　they　were　able；　in　order　to　secure　his　succession；　but　in　reality　to　accuse　him　for　his　breach　of　the　laws　by　what　he　had　done　at　the　temple。　　2。　But　as　they　were　come　to　Cesarea；　Sabinus；　the　procurator　of　Syria；　met　them；　he　was　going　up　to　Judea；　to　secure　Herod's　effects；　but　Varus；　＇president　of　Syria；＇　who　was　come　thither；　restrained　him　from　going　any　farther。　This　Varus　Archelaus　had　sent　for；　by　the　earnest　entreaty　of　Ptolemy。　At　this　time；　indeed；　Sabinus；　to　gratify　Varus；　neither　went　to　the　citadels；　nor　did　he　shut　up　the　treasuries　where　his　father's　money　was　laid　up；　but　promised　that　he　would　lie　still；　until　Caesar　should　have　taken　cognizance　of　the　affair。　So　he　abode　at　Cesarea；　but　as　soon　as　those　that　were　his　hinderance　were　gone；　when　Varus　was　gone　to　Antioch；　and　Archclaus　was　sailed　to　Rome；　he　immediately　went　on　to　Jerusalem；　and　seized　upon　the　palace。　And　when　he　had　called　for　the　governors　of　the　citadels；　and　the　stewards　＇of　the　king's　private　affairs＇；　he　tried　to　sift　out　the　accounts　of　the　money；　and　to　take　possession　of　the　citadels。　But　the　governors　of　those　citadels　were　not　unmindful　of　the　commands　laid　upon　them　by　Archelaus；　and　continued　to　guard　them；　and　said　the　custody　of　them　rather　belonged　to　Caesar　than　to　Archelaus。

3。　In　the　mean　time；　Antipas　went　also　to　Rome；　to　strive　for　the　kingdom；　and　to　insist　that　the　former　testament；　wherein　he　was　named　to　be　king；　was　valid　before　the　latter　testament。　Salome　had　also　promised　to　assist　him；　as　had　many　of　Archelaus's　kindred；　who　sailed　along　with　Archelaus　himself　also。　He　also　carried　along　with　him　his　mother；　and　Ptolemy；　the　brother　of　Nicolaus；　who　seemed　one　of　great　weight；　on　account　of　the　great　trust　Herod　put　in　him；　he　having　been　one　of　his　most　honored　friends。　However；　Antipas　depended　chiefly　upon　Ireneus；　the　orator；　upon　whose　authority　he　had　rejected　such　as　advised　him　to　yield　to　Archelaus；　because　he　was　his　elder　brother；　and　because　the　second　testament　gave　the　kingdom　to　him。　The　inclinations　also　of　all　Archelaus's　kindred；　who　hated　him；　were　removed　to　Antipas；　when　they　came　to　Rome；　although　in　the　first　place　every　one　rather　desired　to　live　under　their　own　laws　＇without　a　king＇；　and　to　be　under　a　Roman　governor；　but　if　they　should　fail　in　that　point；　these　desired　that　Antipas　might　be　their　king。

4。　Sabinus　did　also　afford　these　his　assistance　to　the　same　purpose　by　letters　he　sent；　wherein　he　accused　Archelaus　before　Caesar；　and　highly　commended　Antipas。　Salome　also；　and　those　with　her；　put　the　crimes　which　they　accused　Archelaus　of　in　order；　and　put　them　into　Caesar's　hands；　and　after　they　had　done　that；　Archelaus　wrote　down　the　reasons　of　his　claim；　and；　by　Ptolemy；　sent　in　his　father's　ring；　and　his　father's　accounts。　And　when　Caesar　had　maturely　weighed　by　himself　what　both　had　to　allege　for　themselves；　as　also　had　considered　of　the　great　burden　of　the　kingdom；　and　largeness　of　the　revenues；　and　withal　the　number　of　the　children　Herod　had　left　behind　him；　and　had　moreover　read　the　letters　he　had　received　from　Varus　and　Sabinus　on　this　occasion；　he　assembled　the　principal　persons　among　the　Romans　together；　（in　which　assembly　Caius；　the　son　of　Agrippa；　and　his　daughter　Julias；　but　by　himself　adopted　for　his　own　son；　sat　in　the　first　seat；）　and　gave　the　pleaders　leave　to　speak。

5。　Then　stood　up　Salome's　son；　Antipater；　（who　of　all　Archelaus's　antagonists　was　the　shrewdest　pleader；）　and　accused　him　in　the　following　speech：　That　Archelaus　did　in　words　contend　for　the　kingdom；　but　that　in　deeds　he　had　long　exercised　royal　authority；　and　so　did　but　insult　Caesar　in　desiring　to　be　now　heard　on　that　account；　since　he　had　not　staid　for　his　determination　about　the　succession；　and　since　he　had　suborned　certain　persons；　after　Herod's　death；　to　move　for　putting　the　diadem　upon　his　head；　since　he　had　set　himself　down　in　the　throne；　and　given　answers　as　a　king；　and　altered　the　disposition　of　the　army；　and　granted　to　some　higher　dignities；　that　he　had　also　complied　in　all　things　with　the　people　in　the　requests　they　had　made　to　him　as　to　their　king；　and　had　also　dismissed　those　that　had　been　put　into　bonds　by　his　father　for　most　important　reasons。　Now；　after　all　this；　he　desires　the　shadow　of　that　royal　authority；　whose　substance　he　had　already　seized　to　himself；　and　so　hath　made　Caesar　lord；　not　of　things；　but　of　words。　He　also　reproached　him　further；　that　his　mourning　for　his　father　was　only　pretended；　while　he　put　on　a　sad　countenance　in　the　day　time；　but　drank　to　great　excess　in　the　night；　from　which　behavior；　he　said；　the　late　disturbance　among　the　multitude　came；　while　they　had　an　indignation　thereat。　And　indeed　the　purport　of　his　whole　discourse　was　to　aggravate　Archelaus's　crime　in　slaying　such　a　multitude　about　the　temple；　which　multitude　came　to　the　festival；　but　were　barbarously　slain　in　the　midst　of　their　own　sacrifices；　and　he　said　there　was　such　a　vast　number　of　dead　bodies　heaped　together　in　the　temple；　as　even　a　foreign　war；　that　should　come　upon　them　＇suddenly＇；　before　it　was　denounced；　could　not　have　heaped　together。　And　he　added；　that　it　was　the　foresight　his　father　had　of　that　his　barbarity　which　made　him　never　give　him　any　hopes　of　the　kingdom；　but　when　his　mind　was　more　infirm　than　his　body；　and　he　was　not　able　to　reason　soundly；　and　did　not　well　know　what　was　the　character　of　that　son；　whom　in　his　second　testament　he　made　his　successor；　and　this　was　done　by　him　at　a　time　when　he　had　no　complaints　to　make　of　him　whom　he　had　named　before；　when　he　was　sound　in　body；　and　when　his　mind　was　free　from　all　passion。　That；　however；　if　any　one　should　suppose　Herod's　judgment；　when　he　was　sick；　was　superior　to　that　at　another　time；　yet　had　Archelaus　forfeited　his　kingdom　by　his　own　behavior；　and　those　his　actions；　which　were　contrary　to　the　law；　and　to　its　disadvantage。　Or　what　sort　of　a　king　will　this　man　be；　when　he　hath　obtained　the　government　from　Caesar；　who　hath　slain　so　many　before　he　hath　obtained　it！　　6。　When　Antipater　had　spoken　largely　to　this　purpose；　and　had　produced　a　great　number　of　Archelaus's　kindred　as　witnesses；　to　prove　every　part　of　the　accusation；　he　ended　his　discourse。　Then　stood　up　Nicolaus　to　plead　for　Archelaus。　He　alleged　that　the　slaughter　in　the　temple　could　not　be　avoided；　that　those　that　were　slain　were　become　enemies　not　to　Archelaus's　kingdom；　only；　but　to　Caesar；　who　was　to　determine　about　him。　He　also　demonstrated　that　Archelaus's　accusers　had　advised　him　to　perpetrate　other　things　of　which　he　might　have　been　accused。　But　he　insisted　that　the　latter　testament　should；　for　this　reason；　above　all　others；　be　esteemed　valid；　because　Herod　had　therein　appointed　Caesar　to　be　the　person　who　should　confirm　the　succession；　for　he　who　showed　such　prudence　as　to　recede　from　his　own　power；　and　yield　it　up　to　the　lord　of　the　world；　cannot　be　supposed　mistaken　in　his　judgment　about　him　that　was　to　be　his　heir；　and　he　that　so　well　knew　whom　to　choose　for　arbitrator　of　the　succession　could　not　be　unacquainted　with　him　whom　he　chose　for　his　successor。

7。　When　Nicolaus　had　gone　through　all　he　had　to　say；　Archelaus　came；　and　fell　down　before　Caesar's　knees；　without　any　noise；　…　upon　which　he　raised　him　up；　after　a　very　obliging　manner；　and　declared　that　truly　he　was　worthy　to　succeed　his　father。　However；　he　still　made　no　firm　determination　in　his　case；　but　when　he　had　dismissed　those　assessors　that　had　been　with　him　that　day；　he　deliberated　by　himself　about　the　allegations　which　he　had　heard；　whether　it　were　fit　to　constitute　any　of　those　named　in　the　testaments　for　Herod's　successor；　or　whether　the　government　should　be　parted　among　all　his　posterity；　and　this　because　of　the　number　of　those　that　seemed　to　stand　in　need　of　support　therefrom。

CHAPTER　3。

The　Jews　Fight　A　Great　Battle