the wars of the jews-第37部分

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；〃　said　he；　〃bound　to　keep　the　law　of　my　own　lord？　For　if　I　transgress　it；　and　spare　you；　it　is　but　just　that　I　perish；　while　he　that　sent　me；　and　not　I；　will　commence　a　war　against　you；　for　I　am　under　command　as　well　as　you。〃　Hereupon　the　whole　multitude　cried　out　that　they　were　ready　to　suffer　for　their　law。　Petronius　then　quieted　them；　and　said　to　them；　〃Will　you　then　make　war　against　Caesar？〃　The　Jews　said；　〃We　offer　sacrifices　twice　every　day　for　Caesar；　and　for　the　Roman　people；〃　but　that　if　he　would　place　the　images　among　them；　he　must　first　sacrifice　the　whole　Jewish　nation；　and　that　they　were　ready　to　expose　themselves；　together　with　their　children　and　wives；　to　be　slain。　At　this　Petronius　was　astonished；　and　pitied　them；　on　account　of　the　inexpressible　sense　of　religion　the　men　were　under；　and　that　courage　of　theirs　which　made　them　ready　to　die　for　it；　so　they　were　dismissed　without　success。

5。　But　on　the　following　days　he　got　together　the　men　of　power　privately；　and　the　multitude　publicly；　and　sometimes　he　used　persuasions　to　them；　and　sometimes　he　gave　them　his　advice；　but　he　chiefly　made　use　of　threatenings　to　them；　and　insisted　upon　the　power　of　the　Romans；　and　the　anger　of　Caius；　and　besides；　upon　the　necessity　he　was　himself　under　＇to　do　as　he　was　enjoined＇。　But　as　they　could　be　no　way　prevailed　upon；　and　he　saw　that　the　country　was　in　danger　of　lying　without　tillage；　（for　it　was　about　seed　time　that　the　multitude　continued　for　fifty　days　together　idle；）　so　he　at　last　got　them　together；　and　told　them　that　it　was　best　for　him　to　run　some　hazard　himself；　〃for　either；　by　the　Divine　assistance；　I　shall　prevail　with　Caesar；　and　shall　myself　escape　the　danger　as　well　as　you；　which　will　he　matter　of　joy　to　us　both；　or；　in　case　Caesar　continue　in　his　rage；　I　will　be　ready　to　expose　my　own　life　for　such　a　great　number　as　you　are。〃　Whereupon　he　dismissed　the　multitude；　who　prayed　greatly　for　his　prosperity；　and　he　took　the　army　out　of　Ptolemais；　and　returned　to　Antioch；　from　whence　he　presently　sent　an　epistle　to　Caesar；　and　informed　him　of　the　irruption　he　had　made　into　Judea；　and　of　the　supplications　of　the　nation；　and　that　unless　he　had　a　mind　to　lose　both　the　country　and　the　men　in　it；　he　must　permit　them　to　keep　their　law；　and　must　countermand　his　former　injunction。　Caius　answered　that　epistle　in　a　violent…way；　and　threatened　to　have　Petronius　put　to　death　for　his　being　so　tardy　in　the　execution　of　what　he　had　commanded。　But　it　happened　that　those　who　brought　Caius's　epistle　were　tossed　by　a　storm；　and　were　detained　on　the　sea　for　three　months；　while　others　that　brought　the　news　of　Caius's　death　had　a　good　voyage。　Accordingly；　Petronins　received　the　epistle　concerning　Caius　seven　and　twenty　days　before　he　received　that　which　was　against　himself。

CHAPTER　11。

Concerning　The　Government　Of　Claudius；　And　The　Reign　Of　Agrippa。　Concerning　The　Deaths　Of　Agrippa　And　Of　Herod　And　What　Children　They　Both　Left　Behind　Them。

1。　Now　when　Caius　had　reigned　three　year's　and　eight　months；　and　had　been　slain　by　treachery；　Claudius　was　hurried　away　by　the　armies　that　were　at　Rome　to　take　the　government　upon　him；　but　the　senate；　upon　the　reference　of　the　consuls；　Sentis　Saturninns；　and　Pomponins　Secundus；　gave　orders　to　the　three　regiments　of　soldiers　that　staid　with　them　to　keep　the　city　quiet；　and　went　up　into　the　capitol　in　great　numbers；　and　resolved　to　oppose　Claudius　by　force；　on　account　of　the　barbarous　treatment　they　had　met　with　from　Caius；　and　they　determined　either　to　settle　the　nation　under　an　aristocracy；　as　they　had　of　old　been　governed；　or　at　least　to　choose　by　vote　such　a　one　for　emperor　as　might　be　worthy　of　it。

2。　Now　it　happened　that　at　this　time　Agrippa　sojourned　at　Rome；　and　that　both　the　senate　called　him　to　consult　with　them；　and　at　the　same　time　Claudius　sent　for　him　out　of　the　camp；　that　he　might　be　serviceable　to　him；　as　he　should　have　occasion　for　his　service。　So　he；　perceiving　that　Claudius　was　in　effect　made　Caesar　already；　went　to　him；　who　sent　him　as　an　ambassador　to　the　senate；　to　let　them　know　what　his　intentions　were：　that；　in　the　first　place；　it　was　without　his　seeking　that　he　was　hurried　away　by　the　soldiers；　moreover；　that　he　thought　it　was　not　just　to　desert　those　soldiers　in　such　their　zeal　for　him；　and　that　if　he　should　do　so；　his　own　fortune　would　be　in　uncertainty；　for　that　it　was　a　dangerous　case　to　have　been　once　called　to　the　empire。　He　added　further；　that　he　would　administer　the　government　as　a　good　prince；　and　not　like　a　tyrant；　for　that　he　would　be　satisfied　with　the　honor　of　being　called　emperor；　but　would；　in　every　one　of　his　actions；　permit　them　all　to　give　him　their　advice；　for　that　although　he　had　not　been　by　nature　for　moderation；　yet　would　the　death　of　Caius　afford　him　a　sufficient　demonstration　how　soberly　he　ought　to　act　in　that　station。　　3。　This　message　was　delivered　by　Agrippa；　to　which　the　senate　replied；　that　since　they　had　an　army；　and　the　wisest　counsels　on　their　side；　they　would　not　endure　a　voluntary　slavery。　And　when　Claudius　heard　what　answer　the　senate　had　made；　he　sent　Agrippa　to　them　again；　with　the　following　message：　That　he　could　not　bear　the　thoughts　of　betraying　them　that　had　given　their　oaths　to　be　true　to　him；　and　that　he　saw　he　must　fight；　though　unwillingly；　against　such　as　he　had　no　mind　to　fight；　that；　however；　＇if　it　must　come　to　that；＇　it　was　proper　to　choose　a　place　without　the　city　for　the　war；　because　it　was　not　agreeable　to　piety　to　pollute　the　temples　of　their　own　city　with　the　blood　of　their　own　countrymen；　and　this　only　on　occasion　of　their　imprudent　conduct。　And　when　Agrippa　had　heard　this　message；　he　delivered　it　to　the　senators。

4。　In　the　mean　time；　one　of　the　soldiers　belonging　to　the　senate　drew　his　sword；　and　cried　out；　〃O　my　fellow　soldiers；　what　is　the　meaning　of　this　choice　of　ours；　to　kill　our　brethren；　and　to　use　violence　to　our　kindred　that　are　with　Claudius？　while　we　may　have　him　for　our　emperor　whom　no　one　can　blame；　and　who　hath　so　many　just　reasons　＇to　lay　claim　to　the　government＇；　and　this　with　regard　to　those　against　whom　we　are　going　to　fight。〃　When　he　had　said　this；　he　marched　through　the　whole　senate；　and　carried　all　the　soldiers　along　with　him。　Upon　which　all　the　patricians　were　immediately　in　a　great　fright　at　their　being　thus　deserted。　But　still；　because　there　appeared　no　other　way　whither　they　could　turn　themselves　for　deliverance；　they　made　haste　the　same　way　with　the　soldiers；　and　went　to　Claudius。　But　those　that　had　the　greatest　luck　in　flattering　the　good　fortune　of　Claudius　betimes　met　them　before　the　walls　with　their　naked　swords；　and　there　was　reason　to　fear　that　those　that　came　first　might　have　been　in　danger；　before　Claudius　could　know　what　violence　the　soldiers　were　going　to　offer　them；　had　not　Agrippa　ran　before；　and　told　him　what　a　dangerous　thing　they　were　going　about；　and　that　unless　he　restrained　the　violence　of　these　men；　who　were　in　a　fit　of　madness　against　the　patricians；　he　would　lose　those　on　whose　account　it　was　most　desirable　to　rule；　and　would　be　emperor　over　a　desert。

5。　When　Claudius　heard　this；　he　restrained　the　violence　of　the　soldiery；　and　received　the　senate　into　the　camp；　and　treated　them　after　an　obliging　manner；　and　went　out　with　them　presently　to　offer　their　thank…offerings　to　God；　which　were　proper　upon；　his　first　coming　to　the　empire。　Moreover；　he　bestowed　on　Agrippa　his　whole　paternal　kingdom　immediately；　and　added　to　it；　besides　those　countries　that　had　been　given　by　Augustus　to　Herod；　Trachonitis　and　Auranitis；　and　still　besides　these；　that　kingdom　which　was　called　the　kingdom　of　Lysanius。　This　gift　he　declared　to　the　people　by　a　decree；　but　ordered　the　magistrates　to　have　the　donation　engraved　on　tables　of　brass；　and　to　be　set　up　in　the　capitol。　He　bestowed　on　his　brother　Herod；　who　was　also　his　son…in…law；　by　marrying　＇his　daughter＇　Bernice；　the　kingdom　of　Chalcis。

6。　So　now　riches　flowed　in　to　Agrippa　by　his　enjoyment　of　so　large　a　dominion；　nor　did　he　abuse　the　money　he　had　on　small　matters；　but　he　began　to　encompass　Jerusalem　with　such　a　wall；　which；　had　it　been　brought　to　perfection；　had　made　it　impracticable　for　the　Romans　to　take　it　by　siege；　but　his　death；　which　happened　at　Cesarea；　before　he　had　raised　the　walls　to　their　due　height；　prevented　him。　He　had　then　reigned　three　years；　as　he　had　governed　his　tetrarchies　three　other　years。　He　left　behind　him　three　daughters；　born　to　him　by　Cypros；　Bernice；　Mariamne；　and　Drusilla；　and　a　son　born　of　the　same　mother；　whose　name　was　Agrippa：　he　was　left　a　very　young　child；　so　that　Claudius　made　the　country　a　Roman　province；　and　sent　Cuspius　Fadus　to　be　its　procurator；　and　after　him　Tiberius　Alexander；　who；　making　no　alterations　of　the　ancient　laws；　kept　the　nation　in　tranquillity。　Now　after　this；　Herod　the　king　of　Chalcis　died；　and　left　behind　him　two　sons；　born　to　him　of　his　brother's　daughter　Bernice；　their　names　were　Bernie　Janus　and　Hyrcanus。　＇He　also　left　behind　him＇　Aristobulus；　whom　he　had　by　his　former　wife　Mariamne。　There　was　besides　another　brother　of　his　that　died　a　private　person；　his　name　was　also　Aristobulus；　who　left　behind　him　a　daughter；　whose　name　was　Jotape：　and　these；　as　I　have　formerly　said；　were　the　children　of　Aristobulus　the　son　of　Herod；　which　Aristobulus　and　Alexander　were　born　to　Herod　by　Mariamne；　and　were　slain　by　him。　But　as　for　Alexander's　posterity；　they　reigned　in　Armenia。

CHAPTER　12。

Many　Tumults　Under　Cumanus；　Which　Were　Composed　By　Quadratus。　Felix　Is　Procurator　Of　Judea。　Agrippa　Is　Advanced　From　Chalcis　To　A　Greater　Kingdom。

1　Now　after　the　death　of　Herod；　king　of　Chalcis；　Claudius　set　Agrippa；　the　son　of　Agrippa；　over　his　uncle's　kingdom；　while　Cumanus　took　upon　him　the　office　of　procurator　of　the　rest；　which　was　a　Roman　province；　and　therein　he　succeeded　Alexander；　under　which　Cureanus　began　the　troubles；　and　the　Jews'　ruin　came　on；　for　when　the　multitude　were　come　together　to　Jerusalem；　to　the　feast　of　unleavened　bread；　and　a　Roman　cohort　stood　over　the　cloisters　of　the　temple；　（for　they　always　were　armed；　and　kept　guard　at　the　festivals；　to　prevent　any　innovation　which　the　multitude　thus　gathered　together　might　make；）　one　of　the　soldiers　pulled　back　his　garment；　and　cowering　down　a