ÓÑÇéÌáʾ£ºÈç¹û±¾ÍøÒ³´ò¿ªÌ«Âý»òÏÔʾ²»ÍêÕû£¬Çë³¢ÊÔÊó±êÓÒ¼ü¡°Ë¢Ð¡±±¾ÍøÒ³£¡
ºÏ×âС˵Íø ·µ»Ø±¾ÊéĿ¼ ¼ÓÈëÊéÇ© ÎÒµÄÊé¼Ü ÎÒµÄÊéÇ© TXTÈ«±¾ÏÂÔØ ¡ºÊղص½ÎÒµÄä¯ÀÀÆ÷¡»

seven discourses on art(ÒÕÊõÆß½²×ù)-µÚ3²¿·Ö

¿ì½Ý²Ù×÷: °´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·­Ò³ °´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ °´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿! Èç¹û±¾ÊéûÓÐÔĶÁÍ꣬ÏëÏ´μÌÐø½Ó×ÅÔĶÁ£¬¿ÉʹÓÃÉÏ·½ "Êղص½ÎÒµÄä¯ÀÀÆ÷" ¹¦ÄÜ ºÍ "¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©" ¹¦ÄÜ£¡



judges¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡This¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡seems¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡me¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡one¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡most¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡dangerous¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡sources¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡

corruption£»¡¡and¡¡I¡¡speak¡¡of¡¡it¡¡from¡¡experience£»¡¡not¡¡as¡¡an¡¡error¡¡which¡¡may¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡10¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡11¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡SEVEN¡¡DISCOURSES¡¡ON¡¡ART¡¡



possibly¡¡¡¡¡¡happen£»¡¡¡¡¡¡but¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡has¡¡¡¡¡¡actually¡¡¡¡¡¡infected¡¡¡¡¡¡all¡¡¡¡¡¡foreign¡¡¡¡¡¡academies¡£¡¡

The¡¡directors¡¡were¡¡probably¡¡pleased¡¡with¡¡this¡¡premature¡¡dexterity¡¡in¡¡their¡¡

pupils£»¡¡and¡¡praised¡¡their¡¡despatch¡¡at¡¡the¡¡expense¡¡of¡¡their¡¡correctness¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡But¡¡young¡¡men¡¡have¡¡not¡¡only¡¡this¡¡frivolous¡¡ambition¡¡of¡¡being¡¡thought¡¡

masterly¡¡inciting¡¡them¡¡on¡¡one¡¡hand£»¡¡but¡¡also¡¡their¡¡natural¡¡sloth¡¡tempting¡¡

them¡¡on¡¡the¡¡other¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡They¡¡are¡¡terrified¡¡at¡¡the¡¡prospect¡¡before¡¡them£»¡¡of¡¡the¡¡

toil¡¡required¡¡to¡¡attain¡¡exactness¡£¡¡The¡¡impetuosity¡¡of¡¡youth¡¡is¡¡distrusted¡¡at¡¡

the¡¡slow¡¡approaches¡¡of¡¡a¡¡regular¡¡siege£»¡¡and¡¡desires£»¡¡from¡¡mere¡¡impatience¡¡

of¡¡labour£»¡¡to¡¡take¡¡the¡¡citadel¡¡by¡¡storm¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡They¡¡wish¡¡to¡¡find¡¡some¡¡shorter¡¡

path¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡excellence£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡hope¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡obtain¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡reward¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡eminence¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡other¡¡

means¡¡¡¡¡¡than¡¡¡¡¡¡those¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡indispensable¡¡¡¡¡¡rules¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡art¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡prescribed¡£¡¡

They¡¡must£»¡¡therefore£»¡¡be¡¡told¡¡again¡¡and¡¡again¡¡that¡¡labour¡¡is¡¡the¡¡only¡¡price¡¡

of¡¡solid¡¡fame£»¡¡and¡¡that¡¡whatever¡¡their¡¡force¡¡of¡¡genius¡¡may¡¡be£»¡¡there¡¡is¡¡no¡¡

easy¡¡method¡¡of¡¡becoming¡¡a¡¡good¡¡painter¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡When¡¡¡¡¡¡we¡¡¡¡¡¡read¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡lives¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡most¡¡¡¡¡¡eminent¡¡¡¡¡¡painters£»¡¡¡¡¡¡every¡¡¡¡¡¡page¡¡

informs¡¡¡¡¡¡us¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡no¡¡¡¡¡¡part¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡¡¡¡¡time¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡spent¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡dissipation¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡Even¡¡¡¡¡¡an¡¡

increase¡¡of¡¡fame¡¡served¡¡only¡¡to¡¡augment¡¡their¡¡industry¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡To¡¡be¡¡convinced¡¡

with¡¡what¡¡persevering¡¡assiduity¡¡they¡¡pursued¡¡their¡¡studies£»¡¡we¡¡need¡¡only¡¡

reflect¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡¡¡¡¡method¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡proceeding¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡¡¡¡¡most¡¡¡¡¡¡celebrated¡¡¡¡¡¡works¡£¡¡

When¡¡they¡¡conceived¡¡a¡¡subject£»¡¡they¡¡first¡¡made¡¡a¡¡variety¡¡of¡¡sketches£»¡¡then¡¡

a¡¡finished¡¡drawing¡¡of¡¡the¡¡whole£»¡¡after¡¡that¡¡a¡¡more¡¡correct¡¡drawing¡¡of¡¡every¡¡

separate¡¡part£»¡¡heads£»¡¡hands£»¡¡feet£»¡¡and¡¡pieces¡¡of¡¡drapery£»¡¡they¡¡then¡¡painted¡¡

the¡¡picture£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡after¡¡¡¡¡¡all¡¡re¡­touched¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡the¡¡life¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡¡¡pictures£»¡¡thus¡¡

wrought¡¡with¡¡such¡¡pain£»¡¡now¡¡appear¡¡like¡¡the¡¡effect¡¡of¡¡enchantment£»¡¡and¡¡as¡¡

if¡¡some¡¡mighty¡¡genius¡¡had¡¡struck¡¡them¡¡off¡¡at¡¡a¡¡blow¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡But£»¡¡whilst¡¡diligence¡¡is¡¡thus¡¡recommended¡¡to¡¡the¡¡students£»¡¡the¡¡visitors¡¡

will¡¡take¡¡care¡¡that¡¡their¡¡diligence¡¡be¡¡effectual£»¡¡that¡¡it¡¡be¡¡well¡¡directed¡¡and¡¡

employed¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡proper¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡object¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡A¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡student¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡always¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡advancing¡¡

because¡¡he¡¡is¡¡employed£»¡¡he¡¡must¡¡apply¡¡his¡¡strength¡¡to¡¡that¡¡part¡¡of¡¡the¡¡art¡¡

where¡¡the¡¡real¡¡difficulties¡¡lie£»¡¡to¡¡that¡¡part¡¡which¡¡distinguishes¡¡it¡¡as¡¡a¡¡liberal¡¡

art£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡mistaken¡¡¡¡¡¡industry¡¡¡¡¡¡lose¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡time¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡merely¡¡

ornamental¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡¡¡students£»¡¡¡¡¡¡instead¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡vying¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡each¡¡¡¡¡¡other¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡shall¡¡

have¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡readiest¡¡¡¡¡¡band£»¡¡¡¡¡¡should¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡taught¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡contend¡¡¡¡¡¡who¡¡¡¡¡¡shall¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

purest¡¡and¡¡most¡¡correct¡¡outline£»¡¡instead¡¡of¡¡striving¡¡which¡¡shall¡¡produce¡¡the¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡11¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡12¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡SEVEN¡¡DISCOURSES¡¡ON¡¡ART¡¡



brightest¡¡tint£»¡¡or£»¡¡curiously¡¡trifling¡¡endeavour¡¡to¡¡give¡¡the¡¡gloss¡¡of¡¡stuffs¡¡so¡¡

as¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡appear¡¡¡¡¡¡real£»¡¡¡¡¡¡let¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡¡¡¡¡ambition¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡directed¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡contend¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡shall¡¡

dispose¡¡his¡¡drapery¡¡in¡¡the¡¡most¡¡graceful¡¡folds£»¡¡which¡¡shall¡¡give¡¡the¡¡most¡¡

grace¡¡and¡¡dignity¡¡to¡¡the¡¡human¡¡figure¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡must¡¡beg¡¡leave¡¡to¡¡submit¡¡one¡¡thing¡¡more¡¡to¡¡the¡¡consideration¡¡of¡¡the¡¡

visitors£»¡¡which¡¡appears¡¡to¡¡me¡¡a¡¡matter¡¡of¡¡very¡¡great¡¡consequence£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡

omission¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡think¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡principal¡¡¡¡¡¡defect¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡method¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡education¡¡

pursued¡¡in¡¡all¡¡the¡¡academies¡¡I¡¡have¡¡ever¡¡visited¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡error¡¡I¡¡mean¡¡is£»¡¡that¡¡

the¡¡students¡¡never¡¡draw¡¡exactly¡¡from¡¡the¡¡living¡¡models¡¡which¡¡they¡¡have¡¡

before¡¡them¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡It¡¡is¡¡not¡¡indeed¡¡their¡¡intention£»¡¡nor¡¡are¡¡they¡¡directed¡¡to¡¡do¡¡it¡£¡¡

Their¡¡drawings¡¡resemble¡¡the¡¡model¡¡only¡¡in¡¡the¡¡attitude¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡They¡¡change¡¡the¡¡

form¡¡according¡¡to¡¡their¡¡vague¡¡and¡¡uncertain¡¡ideas¡¡of¡¡beauty£»¡¡and¡¡make¡¡a¡¡

drawing¡¡rather¡¡of¡¡what¡¡they¡¡think¡¡the¡¡figure¡¡ought¡¡to¡¡be¡¡than¡¡of¡¡what¡¡it¡¡

appears¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡have¡¡thought¡¡this¡¡the¡¡obstacle¡¡that¡¡has¡¡stopped¡¡the¡¡progress¡¡of¡¡

many¡¡young¡¡men¡¡of¡¡real¡¡genius£»¡¡and¡¡I¡¡very¡¡much¡¡doubt¡¡whether¡¡a¡¡habit¡¡of¡¡

drawing¡¡¡¡¡¡correctly¡¡¡¡¡¡what¡¡¡¡¡¡we¡¡¡¡¡¡see¡¡¡¡¡¡will¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡give¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡proportionable¡¡¡¡¡¡power¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡

drawing¡¡correctly¡¡what¡¡we¡¡imagine¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡He¡¡who¡¡endeavours¡¡to¡¡copy¡¡nicely¡¡

the¡¡figure¡¡before¡¡him¡¡not¡¡only¡¡acquires¡¡a¡¡habit¡¡of¡¡exactness¡¡and¡¡precision£»¡¡

but¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡continually¡¡¡¡advancing¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡knowledge¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡human¡¡¡¡¡¡figure£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡

though¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡¡¡seems¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡superficial¡¡¡¡¡¡observers¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡make¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡slower¡¡¡¡¡¡progress£»¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡

will¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡found¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡¡¡last¡¡¡¡¡¡capable¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡adding¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨without¡¡¡¡¡¡running¡¡¡¡¡¡into¡¡¡¡¡¡capricious¡¡

wildness£©¡¡that¡¡grace¡¡and¡¡beauty¡¡which¡¡is¡¡necessary¡¡to¡¡be¡¡given¡¡to¡¡his¡¡more¡¡

finished¡¡¡¡¡¡works£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡cannot¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡got¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡moderns£»¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡

acquired¡¡by¡¡the¡¡ancients£»¡¡but¡¡by¡¡an¡¡attentive¡¡and¡¡well¡­compared¡¡study¡¡of¡¡

the¡¡human¡¡form¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡What¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡think¡¡¡¡¡¡ought¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡enforce¡¡¡¡¡¡this¡¡¡¡¡¡method¡¡¡¡¡¡is£»¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡¡¡has¡¡¡¡¡¡been¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

practice¡¡£¨as¡¡may¡¡be¡¡seen¡¡by¡¡their¡¡drawings£©¡¡of¡¡the¡¡great¡¡masters¡¡in¡¡the¡¡art¡£¡¡

I¡¡will¡¡mention¡¡a¡¡drawing¡¡of¡¡Raffaelle£»¡¡¡¨The¡¡Dispute¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Sacrament£»¡¨¡¡the¡¡

print¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡which£»¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡Count¡¡¡¡¡¡Cailus£»¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡every¡¡¡¡¡¡hand¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡It¡¡¡¡¡¡appears¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡

made¡¡his¡¡sketch¡¡from¡¡one¡¡model£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡habit¡¡he¡¡had¡¡of¡¡drawing¡¡exactly¡¡

from¡¡the¡¡form¡¡before¡¡him¡¡appears¡¡by¡¡his¡¡making¡¡all¡¡the¡¡figures¡¡with¡¡the¡¡

same¡¡cap£»¡¡such¡¡as¡¡his¡¡model¡¡then¡¡happened¡¡to¡¡wear£»¡¡so¡¡servile¡¡a¡¡copyist¡¡

was¡¡¡¡¡¡this¡¡¡¡¡¡great¡¡¡¡¡¡man£»¡¡¡¡¡¡even¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡time¡¡¡¡¡¡when¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡allowed¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡

highest¡¡pitch¡¡of¡¡excellence¡£¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡12¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡13¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡SEVEN¡¡DISCOURSES¡¡ON¡¡ART¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡have¡¡seen¡¡also¡¡academy¡¡figures¡¡by¡¡Annibale¡¡Caracci£»¡¡though¡¡he¡¡was¡¡

often¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡sufficiently¡¡¡¡¡¡licentious¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡finished¡¡¡¡¡¡works£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡drawn¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡all¡¡¡¡the¡¡

peculiarities¡¡of¡¡an¡¡individual¡¡model¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡This¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡scrupulous¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡exactness¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡so¡¡¡¡¡¡contrary¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡practice¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡the¡¡

academies£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡without¡¡¡¡¡¡great¡¡¡¡¡¡deference¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡beg¡¡¡¡leave¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡

recommend¡¡it¡¡to¡¡the¡¡consideration¡¡of¡¡the¡¡visitors£»¡¡and¡¡submit¡¡it¡¡to¡¡them£»¡¡

whether¡¡the¡¡neglect¡¡of¡¡this¡¡method¡¡is¡¡not¡¡one¡¡of¡¡the¡¡reasons¡¡why¡¡students¡¡

so¡¡¡¡¡¡often¡¡¡¡¡¡disappoint¡¡¡¡¡¡expectation£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡being¡¡¡¡¡¡more¡¡¡¡¡¡than¡¡¡¡¡¡boys¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡¡¡sixteen£»¡¡

become¡¡less¡¡than¡¡men¡¡at¡¡thirty¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡In¡¡short£»¡¡the¡¡method¡¡I¡¡recommend¡¡can¡¡only¡¡be¡¡detrimental¡¡when¡¡there¡¡

are¡¡¡¡¡¡but¡¡¡¡¡¡few¡¡¡¡¡¡living¡¡¡¡¡¡forms¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡copy£»¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡¡¡then¡¡¡¡¡¡students£»¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡always¡¡¡¡¡¡drawing¡¡

from¡¡one¡¡alone£»¡¡will¡¡by¡¡habit¡¡be¡¡taught¡¡to¡¡overlook¡¡defects£»¡¡and¡¡mistake¡¡

deformity¡¡for¡¡beauty¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡But¡¡of¡¡this¡¡there¡¡is¡¡no¡¡danger£»¡¡since¡¡the¡¡council¡¡has¡¡

determined¡¡to¡¡supply¡¡the¡¡academy¡¡with¡¡a¡¡variety¡¡of¡¡subjects£»¡¡and¡¡indeed¡¡

those¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡laws¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡drawn¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡up£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡secretary¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡will¡¡

presently¡¡read¡¡for¡¡your¡¡confirmation£»¡¡have¡¡in¡¡some¡¡measure¡¡precluded¡¡me¡¡

from¡¡saying¡¡more¡¡upon¡¡this¡¡occasion¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Instead£»¡¡therefore£»¡¡of¡¡offering¡¡my¡¡

advice£»¡¡permit¡¡me¡¡to¡¡indulge¡¡my¡¡wishes£»¡¡and¡¡express¡¡my¡¡hope£»¡¡that¡¡this¡¡

institution¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡may¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡answer¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡expectations¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡its¡¡¡¡royal¡¡¡¡founder£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡the¡¡

present¡¡age¡¡may¡¡vie¡¡in¡¡arts¡¡with¡¡that¡¡of¡¡Leo¡¡X¡£¡¡and¡¡that¡¡¡¨the¡¡dignity¡¡of¡¡the¡¡

dying¡¡art¡¨¡¡£¨to¡¡make¡¡use¡¡of¡¡an¡¡expression¡¡of¡¡Pliny£©¡¡may¡¡be¡¡revived¡¡under¡¡

the¡¡reign¡¡of¡¡George¡¡III¡£¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡13¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡14¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡SEVEN¡¡DISCOURSES¡¡ON¡¡ART¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡A¡¡DISCOURSE¡¡II¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Delivered¡¡to¡¡the¡¡Students¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Royal¡¡Academy£»¡¡on¡¡the¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Distribution¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Prizes£»¡¡December¡¡11£»¡¡I769£»¡¡by¡¡the¡¡President¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Gentlemen£»I¡¡¡¡¡¡congratulate¡¡¡¡¡¡you¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡honour¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡you¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡just¡¡

received¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡highest¡¡¡¡¡¡opinion¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡your¡¡¡¡¡¡merits£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡could¡¡¡¡¡¡wish¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡

show¡¡my¡¡sense¡¡of¡¡them¡¡in¡¡something¡¡which¡¡possibly¡¡may¡¡be¡¡more¡¡useful¡¡

to¡¡you¡¡than¡¡barren¡¡praise¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡could¡¡wish¡¡to¡¡lead¡¡you¡¡into¡¡such¡¡a¡¡course¡¡of¡¡

study¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡may¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡render¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡your¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡future¡¡¡¡¡¡progress¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡answerable¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡your¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡past¡¡

improvement£»¡¡and£»¡¡whilst¡¡I¡¡applaud¡¡you¡¡for¡¡what¡¡has¡¡been¡¡done£»¡¡remind¡¡

you¡¡of¡¡how¡¡much¡¡yet¡¡remains¡¡to¡¡attain¡¡perfection¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡flatter¡¡¡¡¡¡myself£»¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡long¡¡¡¡¡¡experience¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡had£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

unceasing¡¡¡¡¡¡assiduity¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡pursued¡¡¡¡¡¡those¡¡¡¡¡¡studies£»¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡which£»¡¡

like¡¡you£»¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡been¡¡¡¡¡¡engaged£»¡¡¡¡I¡¡shall¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡acquitted¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡vanity¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡offering¡¡

some¡¡¡¡¡¡hints¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡your¡¡¡¡¡¡consideration¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡They¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡¡¡¡¡indeed¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡great¡¡¡¡¡¡degree¡¡

founded¡¡upon¡¡my¡¡own¡¡mistakes¡¡in¡¡the¡¡same¡¡pursuit¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡But¡¡the¡¡history¡¡of¡¡

errors¡¡properly¡¡managed¡¡often¡¡shortens¡¡the¡¡road¡¡to¡¡truth¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡And¡¡although¡¡

no¡¡method¡¡of¡¡study¡¡that¡¡I¡¡can¡¡offer¡¡will¡¡of¡¡itself¡¡conduct¡¡to¡¡excellence£»¡¡yet¡¡

it¡¡may¡¡preserve¡¡industry¡¡from¡¡being¡¡misapplied¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡In¡¡speaking¡¡to¡¡you¡¡of¡¡the¡¡theory¡¡of¡¡the¡¡art£»¡¡I¡¡shall¡¡only¡¡consider¡¡it¡¡as¡¡it¡¡

has¡¡a¡¡relation¡¡to¡¡the¡¡method¡¡of¡¡your¡¡studies¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Dividing¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡study¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡painting¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡into¡¡¡¡three¡¡¡¡¡¡distinct¡¡¡¡¡¡periods£»¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡shall¡¡

address¡¡you¡¡as¡¡having¡¡passed¡¡through¡¡the¡¡first¡¡of¡¡them£»¡¡which¡¡is¡¡confined¡¡

to¡¡the¡¡rudiments£»¡¡including¡¡a¡¡facility¡¡of¡¡drawing¡¡any¡¡object¡¡that¡¡presents¡¡

itself£»¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡tolerable¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡readiness¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡management¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡colours£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡an¡¡

acquaintance¡¡with¡¡the¡¡most¡¡simple¡¡and¡¡obvious¡¡rules¡¡of¡¡composition¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡This¡¡¡¡¡¡first¡¡¡¡¡¡degree¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡proficiency¡¡¡¡¡¡is£»¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡painting£»¡¡¡¡¡¡what¡¡¡¡¡¡grammar¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡

literature£»¡¡a¡¡general¡¡preparation¡¡to¡¡whatever¡¡species¡¡of¡¡the¡¡art¡¡the¡¡student¡¡

may¡¡a
·µ»ØĿ¼ ÉÏÒ»Ò³ ÏÂÒ»Ò³ »Øµ½¶¥²¿ ÔÞ£¨0£© ²È£¨0£©
¿ì½Ý²Ù×÷: °´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·­Ò³ °´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ °´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿!
ÎÂÜ°Ìáʾ£º ο´Ð¡ËµµÄͬʱ·¢±íÆÀÂÛ£¬Ëµ³ö×Ô¼ºµÄ¿´·¨ºÍÆäËüС»ï°éÃÇ·ÖÏíÒ²²»´íŶ£¡·¢±íÊéÆÀ»¹¿ÉÒÔ»ñµÃ»ý·ÖºÍ¾­Ñé½±Àø£¬ÈÏÕæдԭ´´ÊéÆÀ ±»²ÉÄÉΪ¾«ÆÀ¿ÉÒÔ»ñµÃ´óÁ¿½ð±Ò¡¢»ý·ÖºÍ¾­Ñé½±ÀøŶ£¡