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a footnote to history-第17部分

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Nor was the number even of the wounded at all proportionate to the 

surprising din and fury of the affair while it lasted。







CHAPTER VI … LAST EXPLOITS OF BECKER

SEPTEMBER … NOVEMBER 1888







BRANDEIS had held all day by Mulinuu; expecting the reported real 

attack。  He woke on the 13th to find himself cut off on that 

unwatered promontory; and the Mataafa villagers parading Apia。  The 

same day Fritze received a letter from Mataafa summoning him to 

withdraw his party from the isthmus; and Fritze; as if in answer; 

drew in his ship into the small harbour close to Mulinuu; and 

trained his port battery to assist in the defence。  From a step so 

decisive; it might be thought the German plans were unaffected by 

the disastrous issue of the battle。  I conceive nothing would be 

further from the truth。  Here was Tamasese penned on Mulinuu with 

his troops; Apia; from which alone these could be subsisted; in the 

hands of the enemy; a battle imminent; in which the German vessel 

must apparently take part with men and battery; and the buildings 

of the German firm were apparently destined to be the first target 

of fire。  Unless Becker re…established that which he had so lately 

and so artfully thrown down … the neutral territory … the firm 

would have to suffer。  If he re…established it; Tamasese must 

retire from Mulinuu。  If Becker saved his goose; he lost his 

cabbage。  Nothing so well depicts the man's effrontery as that he 

should have conceived the design of saving both; … of re…

establishing only so much of the neutral territory as should hamper 

Mataafa; and leaving in abeyance all that could incommode Tamasese。  

By drawing the boundary where he now proposed; across the isthmus; 

he protected the firm; drove back the Mataafas out of almost all 

that they had conquered; and; so far from disturbing Tamasese; 

actually fortified him in his old position。



The real story of the negotiations that followed we shall perhaps 

never learn。  But so much is plain:  that while Becker was thus 

outwardly straining decency in the interest of Tamasese; he was 

privately intriguing; or pretending to intrigue; with Mataafa。  In 

his despatch of the 11th; he had given an extended criticism of 

that chieftain; whom he depicts as very dark and artful; and while 

admitting that his assumption of the name of Malietoa might raise 

him up followers; predicted that he could not make an orderly 

government or support himself long in sole power 〃without very 

energetic foreign help。〃  Of what help was the consul thinking?  

There was no helper in the field but Germany。  On the 15th he had 

an interview with the victor; told him that Tamasese's was the only 

government recognised by Germany; and that he must continue to 

recognise it till he received 〃other instructions from his 

government; whom he was now advising of the late events〃; refused; 

accordingly; to withdraw the guard from the isthmus; and desired 

Mataafa; 〃until the arrival of these fresh instructions;〃 to 

refrain from an attack on Mulinuu。  One thing of two:  either this 

language is extremely perfidious; or Becker was preparing to change 

sides。  The same detachment appears in his despatch of October 7th。  

He computes the losses of the German firm with an easy 

cheerfulness。  If Tamasese get up again (GELINGT DIE 

WIEDERHERSTELLUNG DER REGIERUNG TAMASESE'S); Tamasese will have to 

pay。  If not; then Mataafa。  This is not the language of a 

partisan。  The tone of indifference; the easy implication that the 

case of Tamasese was already desperate; the hopes held secretly 

forth to Mataafa and secretly reported to his government at home; 

trenchantly contrast with his external conduct。  At this very time 

he was feeding Tamasese; he had German sailors mounting guard on 

Tamasese's battlements; the German war…ship lay close in; whether 

to help or to destroy。  If he meant to drop the cause of Tamasese; 

he had him in a corner; helpless; and could stifle him without a 

sob。  If he meant to rat; it was to be with every condition of 

safety and every circumstance of infamy。



Was it conceivable; then; that he meant it?  Speaking with a 

gentleman who was in the confidence of Dr。 Knappe: 〃Was it not a 

pity;〃 I asked; 〃that Knappe did not stick to Becker's policy of 

supporting Mataafa?〃  〃You are quite wrong there; that was not 

Knappe's doing;〃 was the reply。  〃Becker had changed his mind 

before Knappe came。〃  Why; then; had he changed it?  This 

excellent; if ignominious; idea once entertained; why was it let 

drop?  It is to be remembered there was another German in the 

field; Brandeis; who had a respect; or rather; perhaps; an 

affection; for Tamasese; and who thought his own honour and that of 

his country engaged in the support of that government which they 

had provoked and founded。  Becker described the captain to Laupepa 

as 〃a quiet; sensible gentleman。〃  If any word came to his ears of 

the intended manoeuvre; Brandeis would certainly show himself very 

sensible of the affront; but Becker might have been tempted to 

withdraw his former epithet of quiet。  Some such passage; some such 

threatened change of front at the consulate; opposed with outcry; 

would explain what seems otherwise inexplicable; the bitter; 

indignant; almost hostile tone of a subsequent letter from Brandeis 

to Knappe … 〃Brandeis's inflammatory letter;〃 Bismarck calls it … 

the proximate cause of the German landing and reverse at Fangalii。



But whether the advances of Becker were sincere or not … whether he 

meditated treachery against the old king or was practising 

treachery upon the new; and the choice is between one or other … no 

doubt but he contrived to gain his points with Mataafa; prevailing 

on him to change his camp for the better protection of the German 

plantations; and persuading him (long before he could persuade his 

brother consuls) to accept that miraculous new neutral territory of 

his; with a piece cut out for the immediate needs of Tamasese。



During the rest of September; Tamasese continued to decline。  On 

the 19th one village and half of another deserted him; on the 22nd 

two more。  On the 21st the Mataafas burned his town of Leulumoenga; 

his own splendid house flaming with the rest; and there are few 

things of which a native thinks more; or has more reason to think 

well; than of a fine Samoan house。  Tamasese women and children 

were marched up the same day from Atua; and handed over with their 

sleeping…mats to Mulinuu:  a most unwelcome addition to a party 

already suffering from want。  By the 20th; they were being watered 

from the ADLER。  On the 24th the Manono fleet of sixteen large 

boats; fortified and rendered unmanageable with tons of firewood; 

passed to windward to intercept supplies from Atua。  By the 27th 

the hungry garrison flocked in great numbers to draw rations at the 

German firm。  On the 28th the same business was repeated with a 

different issue。  Mataafas crowded to look on; words were 

exchanged; blows followed; sticks; stones; and bottles were caught 

up; the detested Brandeis; at great risk; threw himself between the 

lines and expostulated with the Mataafas … his only personal 

appearance in the wars; if this could be called war。  The same 

afternoon; the Tamasese boats got in with provisions; having passed 

to seaward of the lumbering Manono fleet; and from that day on; 

whether from a high degree of enterprise on the one side or a great 

lack of capacity on the other; supplies were maintained from the 

sea with regularity。  Thus the spectacle of battle; or at least of 

riot; at the doors of the German firm was not repeated。  But the 

memory must have hung heavy on the hearts; not of the Germans only; 

but of all Apia。  The Samoans are a gentle race; gentler than any 

in Europe; we are often enough reminded of the circumstance; not 

always by their friends。  But a mob is a mob; and a drunken mob is 

a drunken mob; and a drunken mob with weapons in its hands is a 

drunken mob with weapons in its hands; all the world over:  

elementary propositions; which some of us upon these islands might 

do worse than get by rote; but which must have been evident enough 

to Becker。  And I am amazed by the man's constancy; that; even 

while blows were going at the door of that German firm which he was 

in Samoa to protect; he should have stuck to his demands。  Ten days 

before; Blacklock had offered to recognise the old territory; 

including Mulinuu; and Becker had refused; and still in the midst 

of these 〃alarums and excursions;〃 he continued to refuse it。



On October 2nd; anchored in Apia bay H。B。M。S。 CALLIOPE; Captain 

Kane; carrying the flag of Rear…Admiral Fairfax; and the gunboat 

LIZARD; Lieutenant…Commander Pelly。  It was rumoured the admiral 

had come to recognise the government of Tamasese; I believe in 

error。  And at least the day for that was quite gone by; and he 

arrived not to salute the king's accession; but to arbitrate on his 

remains。  A conference of the consuls and commanders met on board 

the CALLIOPE; October 4th; Fritze alone being absent; although 

twice invited:  the affair touched politics; his consul was to be 

there; and even if he came to the meeting (so he explained to 

Fairfax) he would have no voice in its deliberations。  The parties 

were plainly marked out:  Blacklock and Leary maintaining their 

offer of the old neutral territory; and probably willing to expand 

or to contract it to any conceivable extent; so long as Mulinuu was 

still included; Knappe offered (if the others liked) to include 

〃the whole eastern end of the island;〃 but quite fixed upon the one 

point that Mulinuu should be left out; the English willing to meet 

either view; and singly desirous that Apia should be neutralised。  

The conclusion was foregone。  Becker held a trump card in the 

consent of Ma
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