memoirs of general william t. sherman-1-第100部分

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　condition　to　Steele；　and　to　warn　every　officer　they　met　to　pass　the　word　for　everybody　to　be　on　the　sharp　lookout；　I　arranged　with　Deshler　to　keep　quiet　until　I　could　bring　his　own　commander；　or　orders　from　him。　　Returning　to　General　Sherman；　I　found　a　party　of　young　rebel　officers；　including　Robert　Johnston's　son　（rebel　Senate）　and　Captain　Wolf；　quartermaster；　of　New　Orleans；　who　declined　to　surrender　except　to　gentlemen。　　Some　German　Missouri　soldiers　didn't　relish　the　distinction；　and　were　about　clubbing　them　over　the　head；　when　I　interfered　and　received　their　surrender。　　Hurrying　back　to　the　general；　I　reported　the　dangerous　condition　of　things。　　He　and　General　Churchill；　commanding　officer　of　the　enemy；　started　for　Deshler's　brigade；　meeting　Garland；　a　quarrel　and　some　recrimination　followed　between　him　and　Churchill；　as　to　where　the　fault　of　the　surrender　belonged；　which　was　rather　promptly　silenced　by　General　Sherman；　who　hurried　to　the　scene　of　trouble。　　There；　after　some　ill…natured　talk；　Deshler　ordered　his　men　to　lay　down　their　arms。　　I　rode　into　the　fort；　and　found　the　parapet　badly　torn　up　by　the　fire　from　the　fleet。　　On　going　to　the　embrasure　where　I　had　seen　the　gun　while　on　the　river…bank　talking　to　Captain　Shirk；　the　piece　was　found　split　back　about　eighteen　inches；　and　the　lower　half　of　the　muzzle　dropped　out。　　A　battered　but　unexploded　shell　lying　with　the　piece　explained　that　it　must　have　struck　the　gun　in　the　muzz1e；　almost　squarely。　　On　passing　along　the　inside　I　saw　from　the　torn　condition　of　the　earthworks　how　tremendous　our　fire　was；　and　how　the　fire　of　the　enemy　was　kept　down。　　The　fire　of　the　navy　had　partly　torn　down　the　side　of　the　fort　next　the　river。　　A　good　many　sailors　were　in　the　fort。　General　A。　J。　Smith；　Admiral　Porter；　and　General　Burbridge　were　thereall　in　high　spirits；　but　in　some　contention　as　to　who　got　in　first。　Toward　dark；　or　nearly　so；　an　Arkansas　regiment　came　in　as　reenforcements；　but　surrendered　without　any　trouble。　　About　the　same　time　General　Sherman　received　orders　to　put　General　A。　J。　Smith　in　charge　of　the　fort；　and　stay　outside　with　his　men。　　As　his　troops　were　nearly　all　inside；　and　had　four…fifths　of　the　prisoners　in　charge；　these　orders　were　not　very　clear；　and　the　general　left　for　headquarters　to　find　out　what　was　meant。　　I　went　on　collecting　arms；　and　as　our　men　were　scattering　a　good　deal　and　were　greatly　excited；　I　took　the　precaution　to　pass　along　the　line　and　march　the　prisoners　far　enough　from　the　stacked　arms　to　be　out　of　temptation。　I　was　especially　urged　to　this　by　hearing　several　rebel　officers　speak　of　their　guns　being　still　loaded。　　It　was　dark　before　all　the　prisoners　were　collected　and　under　guard；　including　the　regiment　that　arrived　after　the　fight。　　I　am　confident　that　all　the　prisoners　were　under　guard　by　General　Sherman's　troops。

Everything　being　secure；　the　staff…officers；　all　of　whom　had　been　busily　engaged；　scattered　to　compare　notes　and　enjoy　the　victory。　I　found　my　way　onboard　the　Tigress；　where　every　one　was　greatly　excited；　and　in　high　feather　regarding　our　victory；　the　biggest　thing　since　Donelson。　　I　also　obtained　some　food　and　small　comforts　for　a　few　rebel　officers；　including　young　Johnston；　Wolfe；　and　the　Colonel　Deshler　already　mentioned。　　Then　hunted　up　General　Sherman；　whom　I　found　sitting　on　a　cracker…boa　in　the　white　house　already　mentioned；　near　where　the　white　flag　first　appeared。　　Garland　was　with　him；　and　slept　with　him　that　night；　while　the　rest　of　us　laid　around　wherever　we　could。　　It　was　a　gloomy；　bloody　house；　and　suggestive　of　war。　　Garland　was　blamed　by　the　other　Confederate　officers　for　the　white　flag；　and　remained　with　us　for　safety。　　Next　day　was　very　cold。　　We　worked　hard　at　the　lists　of　prisoners　nearly　five　thousand　in　numberall　of　whom　were　sent　to　St。　Louis；　in　charge　of　our　inspector…general；　Major　Sanger。　　Our　loss　was　less　than　one　hundred。　　The　enemy；　although　behind　intrenchments；　lost　more　than　double　what　we　did。　　Their　wounded　were　much　worse　hurt　than　ours；　who　were　mostly　hit　around　the　head　and　arms。

The　losses　were　nearly　all　in　General　Sherman's　wing　of　the　army。　The　loss　in　the　fleet　amounted　to　little；　but　their　service　was　very　valuable；　and　deserved　great　credit；　though　they　received　little。　　There　was　a　good　deal　of　sympathy　between　our　part　of　the　forces　and　the　fleet　people；　and　I　then　thought；　and　still　think；　if　we　had　been　on　the　left　next　the　river；　that　in　connection　with　the　tremendous　fire　from　the　navy；　we　could　have　carried　the　work　in　an　hour　after　we　opened　on　it。　　Their　missiles　traversed　the　whole　fortification；　clear　through　to　the　hospitals　at　the　upper　end；　and　I　stood　five　minutes　in　rifle…range　of　the　fort　next　the　rivernot　hit；　and　but　seldom　shot　at；　and　no　one　hit　near　me。

On　the　18th　we　embarked；　in　a　snow…storm；　collected　at　Napoleon；　which　seemed　to　be　washing　away；　and　steamed　to　Milliken's　Bend；　were　we　arrived　on　January　21st；　and　soon　after　went　to　Young's　plantation；　near　Vicksburg。

The　above　statement　from　General　Hammond　was　received　by　General　Sherman；　inclosed　in　a　letter　dated　〃Chicago；　February　5；　1876〃　and　signed　〃John　H。　Hammond；　who　was　adjutant…general　to　General　Sherman　during　the　winter　of　1862…'83。

J。　E。　TOURTELLOTTE




CINCINNATI；　February　3；　1876

MY　DEAR　GENERAL：　At　Arkansas　Post　the　troops　debarked　from　steamer　January　9th；　from　one　o'clock　to　dark；　in　the　vicinity　of　Notrib's　farm；　and　on　the　10th　moved　out　to　get　position；　Steele　to　the　right；　crossing　the　low　ground　to　the　north；　to　got　a　higher　ground；　avoid　crowding　the　moving　columns；　and　gain　the　left　（our　right）　and　rear　of　the　〃post；〃　and　the　river…bank　above　the　post。　Stuart　took　the　river…road　the　movement　commencing　at　11　o'clock　a。m。。　After　crossing　the　low　ground　covered　with　water；　you　were　called　back　with　Steele；　as　Stuart　had　driven　out　the　enemy's　rifle…trench　pickets；　this　giving　more　and　feasible　room　for　moving。　　Stuart　was　pushed　forward；　and　by　dark　he　and　Steele　were　well　up　to　their　expected　positions。　　Before　daylight　on　the　11th　you　directed　me　to　accompany　you　for　a　personal　inspection　of　the　ground　to　your　front；　which　we　made　on　foot；　going　so　far　forward　that　we　could　easily　hear　the　enemy　at　work　and　moving　about。　Discovering　the　open　fields；　you　at　once　directed　Steele　to　move　to　the　right　and　front；　and　pushed　Stuart　out　so　as　to　fully　command　them　and　the　field…work　of　the　enemy　extending　from　the　fort；　to　prevent　farther　strengthening；　as　it　was　evident　these　works　were　the　product　of　a　recent　thought。　　Stuart　and　Steele　were　prompt　in　taking　position；　but　Morgan's　command　（not　under　your　control）　did　not　seem　to　work　up；　or　keep　in　junction　with　yon。　　At　ten　o'clock　you　sent　me　to　McClernand　to　ascertain　why　the　delay　of　attack。　　He　attributed　it　to　Admiral　Porter；　which　was　really　unjust。　　The　attack　began　at　1　p。m。；　by　Admiral　Porter；　and　the　sound　of　his　first　gun　had　not　died　till　your　men　were　engagedWood's；　Barrett's；　and　the　Parrott　batteries　and　infantry。　　It　was　lively　for　a　time；　and　Stuart　pushed　clear　up　to　the　enemy's　rifle…　trenches；　and　forced　them　to　keep　sheltered。　　Hammond　was　mostly　with　Steele；　Sanger　sent　to　McClernand；　and　McCoy；　myself；　and　John　Taylor　were　with　you　and　Stuart。　　At　about　half…past　three　I　got　your　permission　to　go　to　Giles　Smith's　skirmish…line；　and；　thinking　I　saw　evidence　of　the　enemy　weakening；　I　hurried　back　to　you　and　reported　my　observations。　　I　was　so　confident　that　a　demand　for　it　would　bring　a　surrender；　that　I　asked　permission　to　make　it；　and；　as　you　granted　me；　but　refused　to　let　another　member　of　your　staff；　at　his　request；　go　with　me；　I　rode　directly　down　the　road　with　only　an　orderly。　　Colonel　Garland；　commanding　a　brigade；　was　the　first　officer　I　saw；　to　whom；　for　you；　I　made　the　demand。　　All　firing　ceased　at　once；　or　in　a　few　moments。　　I　sent　the　orderly　back　to　you；　and　you　rode　forward。　　It　was　then　four　o'clock。

During　the　attack；　nobody　seemed　to　think　McClernand　had　any　clear　idea　of　what　or　how　it　was　to　be　done。　　During　the　day　he　gave　you　no　directions；　nor　came　where　you　were；　he　was　well　to　the　rear；　with　his　〃man　up　a　tree；〃　who　in　the　capacity　of　a　lookout　gave　McClernand　information；　from　which　he　based　such　instructions　as　he　made　to　his　subordinates。　　He　was　free　to　express　himself　as　being　a　man　of　〃destiny；〃　and　his　〃star〃　was　in　the　ascendance。　　I　am；　etc。；

L。　M。　DAYTON；　late　Colonel　of　the　Staff；　now　of　Cincinnati；　Ohio。

General　W。　T。　SHERMAN。




MERIDIAN　CAMPAIGN。

＇Special　Field　Orders；　No。　11。＇

HEADQUARTERS　DEPARTMENT　OF　THE　TENNESSEE　MEMPHIS；　January　27；　1864


V。　The　expedition　is　one　of　celerity；　and　all　things　must　tend　to　that。　　Corps　commanders　and　staff…officers　will　see　that　our　movements　are　not　encumbered　by　wheeled　vehicles　improperly　loaded。　Not　a　tent；　from　the　commander…in…chief　down；　will　be　carried。　　The　sick　will　be　left　behind；　and　the　surgeons　can　find　houses　and　sheds　for　all　hospital　purposes。

VI。　All　the　cavalry　in　this　department　is　placed　under　the　orders　and　command　of　Brigadier…General　W。　S。　Smith；　who　will　receive　special　instructions。

By　order　of　Major…General　W。　T。　SHERMAN

L。　M。　DAYTON；　Aide…de…Camp。


NOTE。…That　same　evening　I　started　in　a　steamboat　for　Vicksburg。　W。　T。　S。　St。　Louis；　1885。





HEADQUARTERS　DEPARTMENT　OF　THE　TENNESSEE　MEMPHIS；　January　27；　1864

Brigadier…General　W。　S。　SMITH；　commanding　Cavalry；　etc。；　present。

DEAR　GENERAL：　By　an　order　issued　this　day　I　have　placed　all　the　cavalry　of　this　department　subject　to　your　command。　　I　estimate　you　can　make　a　force　of　full　seven　thousand　men；　which　I　believe　to　be　superior　and　better　in　all　respects　than　the　combined　cavalry　which　the　enemy　has　in　all　the　State　of　Mississippi。　　I　will　in　person　start　for　Vicksburg　to…day；　and　with　four　divisions　of　infantry；　artillery；　and　cavalry　move　out　for　Jackson；　Brandon；　and　Meridian；　aiming　to　reach　the　latter　place　by　February　10th。　　General　Banks　will　feign　on　Pascagoula　and　General　Logan　on　Rome。　　I　want　you　with　your　cavalry　to　move　from　Colliersville　on　Pontotoc　and　Okolona；　thence　sweeping　down　near　the　Mobile　&　Ohio　Railroad；　disable　that　road　as　much　as　possible；　consume　or　destroy　the　resources　of　th