memoirs of general william t. sherman-1-第46部分

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if　he　intended　to　speak　to　them；　and　he　said　he　would　like　to。　　I　asked　him　then　to　please　discourage　all　cheering；　noise；　or　any　sort　of　confusion；　that　we　had　had　enough　of　it　before　Bull　Run　to　ruin　any　set　of　men；　and　that　what　we　needed　were　cool；　thoughtful；　hard…fighting　soldiersno　more　hurrahing；　no　more　humbug。　　He　took　my　remarks　in　the　most　perfect　good…nature。　　Before　we　had　reached　the　first　camp；　I　heard　the　drum　beating　the　〃assembly；〃　saw　the　men　running　for　their　tents；　and　in　a　few　minutes　the　regiment　was　in　line；　arms　presented；　and　then　brought　to　an　order　and　〃parade　rest！〃

Mr。　Lincoln　stood　up　in　the　carriage；　and　made　one　of　the　neatest；　best；　and　most　feeling　addresses　I　ever　listened　to；　referring　to　our　late　disaster　at　Bull　Run；　the　high　duties　that　still　devolved　on　us；　and　the　brighter　days　yet　to　come。　　At　one　or　two　points　the　soldiers　began　to　cheer；　but　he　promptly　checked　them；　saying：　〃Don't　cheer；　boys。　　I　confess　I　rather　like　it　myself；　but　Colonel　Sherman　here　says　it　is　not　military；　and　I　guess　we　had　better　defer　to　his　opinion。〃　　In　winding　up；　he　explained　that；　as　President；　he　was　commander…in…chief；　that　he　was　resolved　that　the　soldiers　should　have　every　thing　that　the　law　allowed；　and　he　called　on　one　and　all　to　appeal　to　him　personally　in　case　they　were　wronged。　　The　effect　of　this　speech　was　excellent。

We　passed　along　in　the　same　manner　to　all　the　camps　of　my　brigade；　and　Mr。　Lincoln　complimented　me　highly　for　the　order；　cleanliness；　and　discipline；　that　he　observed。　　Indeed；　he　and　Mr。　Seward　both　assured　me　that　it　was　the　first　bright　moment　they　had　experienced　since　the　battle。

At　last　we　reached　Fort　Corcoran。　　The　carriage　could　not　enter；　so　I　ordered　the　regiment；　without　arms；　to　come　outside；　and　gather　about　Mr。　Lincoln；　who　would　speak　to　them。　　He　made　to　them　the　same　feeling　address；　with　more　personal　allusions；　because　of　their　special　gallantry　in　the　battle　under　Corcoran；　who　was　still　a　prisoner　in　the　hands　of　the　enemy；　and　he　concluded　with　the　same　general　offer　of　redress　in　case　of　grievances。　In　the　crowd　I　saw　the　officer　with　whom　I　had　had　the　passage　at　reveille　that　morning。　　His　face　was　pale；　and　lips　compressed。　　I　foresaw　a　scene；　but　sat　on　the　front　seat　of　the　carriage　as　quiet　as　a　lamb。　　This　officer　forced　his　way　through　the　crowd　to　the　carriage；　and　said：　〃Mr。　President；　I　have　a　cause　of　grievance。　This　morning　I　went　to　speak　to　Colonel　Sherman；　and　he　threatened　to　shoot　me。〃　　Mr。　Lincoln；　who　was　still　standing；　said；　〃Threatened　to　shoot　you？〃　　〃Yes；　sir；　he　threatened　to　shoot　me。〃　Mr。　Lincoln　looked　at　him；　then　at　me；　and　stooping　his　tall；　spare　form　toward　the　officer；　said　to　him　in　a　loud　stage…whisper；　easily　heard　for　some　yards　around：　〃Well；　if　I　were　you；　and　he　threatened　to　shoot；　I　would　not　trust　him；　for　I　believe　he　would　do　it。〃　　The　officer　turned　about　and　disappeared；　and　the　men　laughed　at　him。　　Soon　the　carriage　drove　on；　and；　as　we　descended　the　hill；　I　explained　the　facts　to　the　President；　who　answered；　〃Of　course　I　didn't　know　any　thing　about　it；　but　I　thought　you　knew　your　own　business　best。〃　　I　thanked　him　for　his　confidence；　and　assured　him　that　what　he　had　done　would　go　far　to　enable　me　to　maintain　good　discipline；　and　it　did。

By　this　time　the　day　was　well　spent。　　I　asked　to　take　my　leave；　and　the　President　and　Mr。　Seward　drove　back　to　Washington。　　This　spirit　of　mutiny　was　common　to　the　whole　army；　and　was　not　subdued　till　several　regiments　or　parts　of　regiments　had　been　ordered　to　Fort　Jefferson；　Florida；　as　punishment。

General　McDowell　had　resumed　his　headquarters　at　the　Arlington　House；　and　was　busily　engaged　in　restoring　order　to　his　army；　sending　off　the　ninety…days　men；　and　replacing　them　by　regiments　which　had　come　under　the　three…years　call。　　We　were　all　trembling　lest　we　should　be　held　personally　accountable　for　the　disastrous　result　of　the　battle。　　General　McClellan　had　been　summoned　from　the　West　to　Washington；　and　changes　in　the　subordinate　commands　were　announced　almost　daily。　　I　remember；　as　a　group　of　officers　were　talking　in　the　large　room　of　the　Arlington　House；　used　as　the　adjutant…general's　office；　one　evening；　some　young　officer　came　in　with　a　list　of　the　new　brigadiers　just　announced　at　the　War　Department；　which…embraced　the　names　of　Heintzehvan；　Keyes；　Franklin；　Andrew　Porter；　W。　T。　Sherman；　and　others；　who　had　been　colonels　in　the　battle；　and　all　of　whom　had　shared　the　common　stampede。　　Of　course；　we　discredited　the　truth　of　the　list；　and　Heintzehvan　broke　out　in　his　nasal　voice；　〃Boys；　it's　all　a　lie！　every　mother's　son　of　you　will　be　cashiered。〃　　We　all　felt　he　was　right；　but；　nevertheless；　it　was　true；　and　we　were　all　announced　in　general　orders　as　brigadier…generals　of　volunteers。

General　McClellan　arrived；　and；　on　assuming　command；　confirmed　McDowell's　organization。　　Instead　of　coming　over　the　river；　as　we　expected；　he　took　a　house　in　Washington；　and　only　came　over　from　time　to　time　to　have　a　review　or　inspection。

I　had　received　several　new　regiments；　and　had　begun　two　new　forts　on　the　hill　or　plateau；　above　and　farther　out　than　Fort　Corcoran；　and　I　organized　a　system　of　drills；　embracing　the　evolutions　of　the　line；　all　of　which　was　new　to　me；　and　I　had　to　learn　the　tactics　from　books；　but　I　was　convinced　that　we　had　a　long；　hard　war　before　us；　and　made　up　my　mind　to　begin　at　the　very　beginning　to　prepare　for　it。

August　was　passing；　and　troops　were　pouring　in　from　all　quarters；　General　McClellan　told　me　he　intended　to　organize　an　army　of　a　hundred　thousand　men；　with　one　hundred　field…batteries；　and　I　still　hoped　he　would　come　on　our　side　of　the　Potomac；　pitch　his　tent；　and　prepare　for　real　hard　work；　but　his　headquarters　still　remained　in　a　house　in　Washington　City。　　I　then　thought；　and　still　think；　that　was　a　fatal　mistake。　　His　choice　as　general…in…chief　at　the　time　was　fully　justified　by　his　high　reputation　in　the　army　and　country；　and；　if　he　then　had　any　political　views　or　ambition；　I　surely　did　not　suspect　it。

About　the　middle　of　August　I　got　a　note　from　Brigadier…General　Robert　Anderson；　asking　me　to　come　and　see　him　at　his　room　at　Willard's　Hotel。　　I　rode　over　and　found　him　in　conversation　with　several　gentlemen；　and　he　explained　to　me　that　events　in　Kentucky　were　approaching　a　crisis；　that　the　Legislature　was　in　session；　and　ready；　as　soon　as　properly　backed　by　the　General　Government；　to　take　open　sides　for　the　Union　cause；　that　he　was　offered　the　command　of　the　Department　of　the　Cumberland；　to　embrace　Kentucky；　Tennessee；　etc。；　and　that　he　wanted　help；　and　that　the　President　had　offered　to　allow　him　to　select　out　of　the　new　brigadiers　four　of　his　own　choice。　　I　had　been　a　lieutenant　in　Captain　Anderson's　company；　at　Fort　Moultrie；　from　1843　to　1846；　and　he　explained　that　he　wanted　me　as　his　right　hand。　　He　also　indicated　George　H。　Thomas；　D。　C。　Buell；　and　Burnside；　as　the　other　three。　　Of　course；　I　always　wanted　to　go　West；　and　was　perfectly　willing　to　go　with　Anderson；　especially　in　a　subordinate　capacity：　We　agreed　to　call　on　the　President　on　a　subsequent　day；　to　talk　with　him　about　it；　and　we　did。　　It　hardly　seems　probable　that　Mr。　Lincoln　should　have　come　to　Willard's　Hotel　to　meet　us；　but　my　impression　is　that　he　did；　and　that　General　Anderson　had　some　difficulty　in　prevailing　on　him　to　appoint　George　H。　Thomas；　a　native　of　Virginia；　to　be　brigadier…general；　because　so　many　Southern　officers；　had　already　played　false；　but　I　was　still　more　emphatic　in　my　indorsement　of　him　by　reason　of　my　talk　with　him　at　the　time　he　crossed　the　Potomac　with　Patterson's　army；　when　Mr。　Lincoln　promised　to　appoint　him　and　to　assign　him　to　duty　with　General　Anderson。　　In　this　interview　with　Mr。　Lincoln；　I　also　explained　to　him　my　extreme　desire　to　serve　in　a　subordinate　capacity；　and　in　no　event　to　be　left　in　a　superior　command。　　He　promised　me　this　with　promptness；　making　the　jocular　remark　that　his　chief　trouble　was　to　find　places　for　the　too　many　generals　who　wanted　to　be　at　the　head　of　affairs；　to　command　armies；　etc。

The　official　order　is　dated：

＇Special　Order　No。　114。＇　HEADQUARTERS　OF　THE　ARMY　Washington；　August　24；　1881。

The　following　assignment　is　made　of　the　general　officers　of　the　volunteer　service；　whose　appointment　was　announced　in　General　Orders　No。　82；　from　the　War　Department

To　the　Department　of　the　Cumberland；　Brigadier…General　Robert　Anderson　commanding：

Brigadier…General　W。　T。　Sherman；　Brigadier…General　George　H。　Thomas。

By　command　of　Lieutenant…General　Scott：　E。　D。　TOWNSEND；　Assistant　adjutant…General。


After　some　days；　I　was　relieved　in　command　of　my　brigade　and　post　by　Brigadier　General　Fitz…John　Porter；　and　at　once　took　my　departure　for　Cincinnati；　Ohio；　via　Cresson；　Pennsylvania；　where　General　Anderson　was　with　his　family；　and　he；　Thomas；　and　I；　met　by　appointment　at　the　house　of　his　brother；　Larz　Anderson；　Esq。；　in　Cincinnati。　　We　were　there　on　the　1st　and　2d　of　September；　when　several　prominent　gentlemen　of　Kentucky　met　us；　to　discuss　the　situation；　among　whom　were　Jackson；　Harlan；　Speed；　and　others。　　At　that　time；　William　Nelson；　an　officer　of　the　navy；　had　been　commissioned　a　brigadier…general　of　volunteers；　and　had　his　camp　at　Dick　Robinson；　a　few　miles　beyond　the　Kentucky　River；　south　of　Nicholasville；　and　Brigadier…General　L。　H。　Rousseau　had　another　camp　at　Jeffersonville；　opposite　Louisville。　　The　State　Legislature　was　in　session　at　Frankfort；　and　was　ready　to　take　definite　action　as　soon　as　General　Anderson　was　prepared；　for　the　State　was　threatened　with　invasion　from　Tennessee；　by　two　forces：　one　from　the　direction　of　Nashville；　commanded　by　Generals　Albert　Sidney　Johnston　and　Buckner；　and　the　other　from　the　direction　of　Cumberland　Gap；　commanded　by　Generals　Crittenden　and　Zollicoffer。　General　Anderson　saw　that　he　had　not　force　enough　to　resist　these　two　columns；　and　concluded　to　send　me　in　person　for　help　to　Indianapolis　and　Springfield；　to　confer　with　the　Governors　of　Indiana；　and　Illinois；　and　to　General　Fremont；　who　commanded　in　St。　Louis。

McClellan　and　Fremont　were　the　two　men　toward　whom　the　country　looked　as　the　great　Union　leaders；　and　toward　them　were　streaming　the　newly…raised　regiments　of　infan