memoirs of general william t. sherman-1-第65部分

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Answer。　　Notes　are　mere　evidence　of　the　debt　due　landlord。　　The　tenant　pays　the　rent　to　the　quartermaster；　who　gives　a　bond　of　indemnity　against　the　notes　representing　the　debt　for　the　particular　rent。

Third。　　When　the　tenant　has　expended　several　months'　rent　in　repairs　on　the　house？

Answer。　　Of　course；　allow　all　such　credits　on　reasonable　proof　and　showing。

Fourth。　　When　the　owner　has　gone　south；　and　parties　here　hold　liens　on　the　property　and　are　collecting　the　rents　to　satisfy　their　liens？

Answer。　　The　rent　of　a　house　can　only　be　mortgaged　to　a　person　in　possession。　　If　a　loyal　tenant　be　in　possession　and　claim　the　rent　from　himself　as　due　to　himself　on　some　other　debt；　allow　it；　but；　if　not　in　actual　possession　of　the　property；　rents　are　not　good　liens　for　a　debt；　but　must　be　paid　to　the　quartermaster。

Fifth。　　Of　parties　claiming　foreign　protection？

Answer。　　Many　claim　foreign　protection　who　are　not　entitled　to　it。　If　they　are　foreign　subjects　residing　for　business　in　this；　country；　they　are　entitled　to　consideration　and　protection　so　long　as　they　obey　the　laws　of　the　country。　　If　they　occupy　houses　belonging　to　absent　rebels；　they　must　pay　rent　to　the　quarter…　master。　　If　they　own　property；　they　must　occupy　it　by　themselves；　tenants；　or　servants。

Eighth。　　When　houses　are　occupied　and　the　owner　has　gone　south；　leaving　an　agent　to　collect　rent　for　his　benefit？

Answer。　　Rent　must　be　paid　to　the　quartermaster。　　No　agent　can　collect　and　remit　money　south　without　subjecting　himself　to　arrest　and　trial　for　aiding　and　abetting　the　public　enemy。

Ninth。。　　When　houses　are　owned　by　loyal　citizens；　but　are　unoccupied？

Answer。　　Such　should　not　be　disturbed；　but　it　would　be　well　to　advise　them　to　have　some　servant　at　the　house　to　occupy　it。

Tenth。　　When　parties　who　occupy　the　house　are　creditors　of　the　owner；　who　has　gone　south？　Answer。　　You　only　look　to　collection　of　rents。　　Any　person　who　transmits　money　south　is　liable　to　arrest　and　trial　for　aiding　and　abetting　the　enemy；　but　I　do　not　think　it　our　business　to　collect　debts　other　than　rents。

Eleventh。　　When　the　parties　who　own　the　property　have　left　the　city　under　General　Hovey's　Order　No。　1；　but　are　in　the　immediate　neighborhood；　on　their　plantations？

Answer。　　It　makes　no　difference　where　they　are；　so　they　are　absent。

Twelfth。　　When　movable　property　is　found　in　stores　that　are　closed？

Answer。　　The　goods　are　security　for　the　rent。　　If　the　owner　of　the　goods　prefers　to　remove　the　goods　to　paying　rent；　he　can　do　so。

Thirteenth。　　When　the　owner　lives　in　town；　and　refuses　to　take　the　oath　of　allegiance　？

Answer。　　If　the　house　be　occupied；　it　does　not　fall　under　the　order。　　If　the　house　be　vacant；　it　does。　　The　owner　can　recover　his　property　by　taking　the　oath。

All　persons　in　Memphis　residing　within　our　military　lines　are　presumed　to　be　loyal；　good　citizens；　and　may　at　any　moment　be　called　to　serve　on　juries；　posses　comitatua；　or　other　civil　service　required　by　the　Constitution　and　laws　of　our　country。　　Should　they　be　called　upon　to　do　such　duty；　which　would　require　them　to　acknowledge　their　allegiance　and　subordination　to　the　Constitution　of　the　United　States；　it　would　then　be　too　late　to　refuse。　　So　long　as　they　remain　quiet　and　conform　to　these　laws；　they　are　entitled　to　protection　in　their　property　and　lives。

We　have　nothing　to　do　with　confiscation。　　We　only　deal　with　possession；　and　therefore　the　necessity　of　a　strict　accountability；　because　the　United　States　assumes　the　place　of　trustee；　and　must　account　to　the　rightful　owner　for　his　property；　rents；　and　profits。　In　due　season　courts　will　be　established　to　execute　the　laws；　the　confiscation　act　included；　when　we　will　be　relieved　of　this　duty　and　trust。　　Until　that　time；　every　opportunity　should　be　given　to　the　wavering　and　disloyal　to　return　to　their　allegiance　to　the　Constitution　of　their　birth　or　adoption。　　I　am；　etc。；

W。　T。　SHERMAN。

Major…General　commanding。



HEADQUARTERS　FIFTH　DIVISION　MEMPHIS；　TENNESSEE；　August　26；1862

Major…General　GRANT；　Corinth；　Mississippi。

Sir：　In　pursuance　of　your　request　that　I　should　keep　you　advised　of　matters　of　interest　here；　in　addition　to　the　purely　official　matters；　I　now　write。

I　dispatched　promptly　the　thirteen　companies　of　cavalry；　nine　of　Fourth　Illinois；　and　four　of　Eleventh　Illinois；　to　their　respective　destinations；　punctually　on　the　23d　instant；　although　the　order　was　only　received　on　the　22d。　　I　received　at　the　same　time；　from　Colonel　Dickey；　the　notice　that　the　bridge　over　Hatchie　was　burned；　and　therefore　I　prescribed　their　order　of　march　via　Bolivar。　　They　started　at　12　m。　　of　the　23d；　and　I　have　no　news　of　them。　　since。　None　of　the　cavalry　ordered　to　me　is　yet　heard　from。

The　guerrillas　have　destroyed　several　bridges　over　Wolf　Creek；　one　at　Raleigh；　on　the　road　by　which　I　had　prescribed　trade　and　travel　to　and　from　the　city。　　I　have　a　strong　guard　at　the　lower　bridge　over　Wolf　River；　by　which　we　can　reach　the　country　to　the　north　of　that　stream；　but；　as　the　Confederates　have　burned　their　own　bridges；　I　will　hold　them　to　my　order；　and　allow　no　trade　over　any　other　road　than　the　one　prescribed；　using　the　lower　or　Randolph　road　for　our　own　convenience。　　I　am　still　satisfied　there　is　no　large　force　of　rebels　anywhere　in　the　neighborhood。　　All　the　navy　gunboats　are　below　except　the　St。　Louis；　which　lies　off　the　city。　When　Commodore　Davis　passes　down　from　Cairo；　I　will　try　to　see　him；　and　get　him　to　exchange　the　St。　Louis　for　a　fleeter　boat　not　iron…clad；　one　that　can　move　up　and　down　the　river；　to　break　up　ferry…boats　and　canoes；　and　to　prevent　all　passing　across　the　river。　　Of　course；　in　spite　of　all　our　efforts；　smuggling　is　carried　on。　　We　occasionally　make　hauls　of　clothing；　gold…lace；　buttons；　etc。；　but　I　am　satisfied　that　salt　and　arms　are　got　to　the　interior　somehow。　　I　have　addressed　the　Board　of　Trade　a　letter　on　this　point；　which　will　enable　us　to　control　it　better。

You　may　have　been　troubled　at　hearing　reports　of　drunkenness　here。　There　was　some　after　pay…day；　but　generally　all　is　as　quiet　and　orderly　as　possible。　　I　traverse　the　city　every　day　and　night；　and　assert　that　Memphis　is　and　has　been　as　orderly　a　city　as　St。　Louis；　Cincinnati；　or　New　York。

Before　the　city　authorities　undertook　to　license　saloons；　there　was　as　much　whiskey　here　as　now；　and　it　would　take　all　my　command　as　customhouse　inspectors；　to　break　open　all　the　parcels　and　packages　containing　liquor。　　I　can　destroy　all　groggeries　and　shops　where　soldiers　get　liquor　just　as　we　would　in　St。　Louis。

The　newspapers　are　accusing　me　of　cruelty　to　the　sick；　as　base　a　charge　as　was　ever　made。　　I　would　not　let　the　Sanitary　Committee　carry　off　a　boat…load　of　sick；　because　I　have　no　right　to。　　We　have　good　hospitals　here；　and　plenty　of　them。　　Our　regimental　hospitals　are　in　the　camps　of　the　men；　and　the　sick　do　much　better　there　than　in　the　general　hospitals；　so　say　my　division　surgeon　and　the　regimental　surgeons。　　The　civilian　doctors　would；　if　permitted；　take　away　our　entire　command。　　General　Curtis　sends　his　sick　up　here；　but　usually　no　nurses；　and　it　is　not　right　that　nurses　should　be　taken　from　my　command　for　his　sick。　　I　think　that；　when　we　are　endeavoring　to　raise　soldiers　and　to　instruct　them；　it　is　bad　policy　to　keep　them　at　hospitals　as　attendants　and　nurses。

I　send　you　Dr。　Derby's　acknowledgment　that　he　gave　the　leave　of　absence　of　which　he　was　charged。　　I　have　placed　him　in　arrest；　in　obedience　to　General　Halleck's　orders；　but　he　remains　in　charge　of　the　Overton　Hospital；　which　is　not　full　of　patients。

The　State　Hospital　also　is　not　full；　and　I　cannot　imagine　what　Dr。　Derby　wants　with　the　Female　Academy　on　Vance　Street。　　I　will　see　him　again；　and　now　that　he　is　the　chief　at　Overton　Hospital；　I　think　he　will　not　want　the　academy。　　Still；　if　he　does；　under　your　orders　I　will　cause　it　to　be　vacated　by　the　children　and　Sisters　of　Mercy。　　They　have　just　advertised　for　more　scholars；　and　will　be　sadly　disappointed。　　If；　however；　this　building　or　any　other　be　needed　for　a　hospital；　it　must　be　taken；　but　really；　in　my　heart；　I　do　not　see　what　possible　chance　there　is；　under　present　circumstances；　of　filling　with　patients　the　two　large　hospitals　now　in　use；　besides　the　one　asked　for。　　I　may；　however；　be　mistaken　in　the　particular　building　asked　for　by　Dr。　Derby；　and　will　go　myself　to　see。

The　fort　is　progressing　well；　Captain　Jenney　having　arrived。　Sixteen　heavy　guns　are　received；　with　a　large　amount　of　shot　and　shell；　but　the　platforms　are　not　yet　ready；　still；　if　occasion　should　arise　for　dispatch；　I　can　put　a　larger　force　to　work。　Captain　Prime；　when　here；　advised　that　the　work　should　proceed　regularly　under　the　proper　engineer　officers　and　laborers。　I　am；　etc。；

W。　T。　SHERMAN；　Major…General　commanding。



HEADQUARTERS　FIFTH　DIVISION　MEMPHIS；　TENNESSEE；　September　4；　1862

Colonel　J。　C；　KELTON；　Assistant　Adjutant…General；　Headquarters　of　the　army；　Washington；　D。　C。

DEAR　COLONEL：　Please　acknowledge　to　the　major…general　commanding　the　receipt　by　me　of　his　letter；　and　convey　to　him　my　assurances　that　I　have　promptly　modified　my　first　instructions　about　cotton；　so　as　to　conform　to　his　orders。　　Trade　in　cotton　is　now　free；　but　in　all　else　I　endeavor　so　to　control　it　that　the　enemy　shall　receive　no　contraband　goods；　or　any　aid　or　comfort；　still　I　feel　sure　that　the　officers　of　steamboats　are　sadly　tempted　by　high　prices　to　land　salt　and　other　prohibited　articles　at　waypoints　along　the　river。　　This；　too；　in　time　will　be　checked。　　All　seems　well　here　and　hereabout；　no　large　body　of　the　enemy　within　striking　distance。　　A　force　of　about　two　thousand；　cavalry　passed　through　Grand　Junction　north　last　Friday；　and　fell　on　a　detachment　of　the　Bolivar　army　at　Middleburg；　the　result　of　which　is　doubtless　reported　to　you。　　As　soon　as　I　heard　of　the　movement；　I　dispatched　a　force　to　the　southeast　by　way　of　diversion；　and　am　satisfied　that　the　enemy's　infantry　and　artillery　fell　back　in　consequence　behind　the　Tallahatchie。　　The　weather　is　very　hot；　country　very　dry；　and　dust　as　bad　as　possible。　　I　hold　my　two　divisions　ready；　with　their　original　complement　of　transportation；　for　field　service。　　Of　course　all　things　most　now　depend　on　events　in　fr