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草原帝国(草原帝国史)-第101部分

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  Dülün…Boldaq[地]跌里温盘陀山,199
  Dunapentele[地]杜纳彭特勒,176
  Duqaq Timuryaligh[人]杜卡克·帖木耳雅里赫,148
  Duqlats[族]杜格拉特人,见Dughlats
  Dürbaljin(square script)[文]都尔巴金字(方块字),298
  Durbelji[族]杜尔伯斤,25,549注
  Dungan[族]东干人,538
  Dürlükin[族]都儿鲁斤部,194
  Durostorum[地]锡利斯特拉,见Dristra
  Dust Muhammad[人]笃思忒·马黑麻,461,463,493
  Duwa[人]都哇,294,295,303,334,335…336,338,339,384,403
  Duwa…Timur[人]笃来帖木儿,341
  Dzasagtu…khan (khanate)[人]扎萨克图汗,512
  Dzasagtu…khan (person)[人]扎萨格图汗,见Shara; Subati
  Dzhambul[地]江布尔(塔拉斯城),见Talas (town)
  Dzimsa[地]济木萨(别失八里)见Beshbaligh
  Dzungar (Jungar)[族]准噶尔人(也名卡尔梅克炫),501,512,520,525…539各处,541,630注,参见Kalmucks; Oirat
  Dzungaria[地]准噶尔地区,82,89,102,114,479,521,524,536,537,538,542
  Eastern Roman Empire[朝]东罗马帝国,拜占庭帝国,见Byzantine Empire
  〃East Iranian〃 language[文]东伊朗语,xxiii; 29,40,49,96
  Ebejesu[人]伊伯杰苏,191
  Ebi Nor[地]艾比湖,102,331,344,491
  Ebuskun[人]也速伦,329
  Ecbatana[地]埃克巴坦那(哈马丹),见Hamadan
  Edeco[人]埃德科,78
  Edessa[地]埃德沙,361
  Edward I (of England)[人](英格兰的)爱德华一世,370,371,375,376
  Edward II (of England)[人](英格兰的)爱德华二世,384
  Egrigain[地]宁夏,见Ningsia
  Egypt[朝]埃及王朝(参看马木路克朝),355,359,364,365,参见Mamelukes (dynasty)
  Ekaterinburg[地]埃卡特林贝尔格,11,547注
  Ekaterinoslav[地]埃卡特林罗斯拉夫,16
  Ekaterinovka[地]埃卡特罗夫卡,548注
  El[人]名,颉利,见Hie…li
  Elbek[人]额勒伯克,503
  Elephant,use in battle[专]战象,290,308,339,340,445,447,451,572注
  Eleuthes[族]厄鲁特部,521
  Elias; Ney[人]埃尼亚斯,423,497,500
  Elizavetovskaya[地]伊里扎威托夫斯卡亚,13,15,16
  Eljigidai[人]野里知吉带,271,274
  Eljigidai[人]燕只吉带,341,348,349…350,586注
  Ellac[人]埃拉卡,78
  Elqutur[人]燕儿火脱,582注
  Eltabir (as title)[专]颉利发,565注
  Elterish[人]颉跌利施(骨咄禄),见Qutlugh
  Elya[人]也里牙,304
  Emba[地]恩巴河,148,181,394,521
  Emnedzar[人]恩勒德扎尔,78
  Engels[地]恩格尔斯(波克罗夫斯克),见Pokrovsk
  Enos[地]埃诺斯,184
  Ephesus[地]以弗所,452
  Ephtha (Ye…ta)[族]莚哒,67
  Ephthalites (Hayathelites; Ye…tai; White Huns; Huna)[族]莚哒人(白匈奴人,厌带夷栗陀),65,67…72,80,82,172,173,193,217,417;参见Avars “Equius;”277
  Eran[地]伊兰,71
  Erbil[地]埃尔比勒,见Arbela
  Ercis (Arjish)[地]阿尔吉斯,262
  Erdeni[人]额尔德尼,见Irdana
  Erdeni Dzu[地]额尔德尼昭寺庙,528
  Eregli[地]埃雷利(参看赫拉克利庞蒂亚),见Heraclea Pontica
  Erginul; Ergiuul[地]凉州(马可记法),见Liangchow
  Eric (of Friuli)[人](弗留利大公)伊里克,175
  Erinchin[人]额璘臣济农,517
  Erkegüd[族]额尔克固特部,630注
  Erke…khongor[人]额哲洪果尔,517
  Erkene…qun[地]额儿古涅昆,193
  Erke…qara[人]额尔客合剌,204,206,581注
  Erküt[专]也里可温(近代写法),见Erqüt
  Ermak[人]叶尔马克,489,490
  Ermanarich[人]亥耳曼纳奇,73
  Ermenak[地]埃尔梅内克山区,385
  Ernac[人]埃尔纳克,78
  Erqüt (Erküt)[专]也里可温的近代形式,602注
  Erzerum[地]额尔哲鲁木城,263,430,449,450
  Erzincan[地]埃尔津詹,261,263,281,382,430,449,450,462
  Esen (Esen…taiji; Ye…hsien Taichi)[人]额森台吉,也先台吉,491,492,506,507,508,520
  Esen…buqa (Esen…bugha)[人]也先不花,315,338…339,340,386
  Esen…buqa II (Esen…bugha)[人]也先不花二世,460…461,480,492…493
  Esen Temür (Yesen Temür; Essan…temur)[人]也先帖木儿,308
  Eskisehir[地]埃斯基谢希尔,385
  Essantemur[人]也先帖木儿,见Esen Temür
  Essekü[人]额色库,504
  Esztergom[地]埃斯泰尔戈姆城堡,见Gran
  Eternal Heaven[宗]长生天,腾格里,见Tangri
  Etsin Gol[地]额济纳河,36,212
  Etzina[地](马可记哈拉霍屯城)额济纳,见Karakhoto
  Eukratides[人]幼克拉蒂斯,29
  Euphrates[地]幼发拉底河,295,361,365,371,385,446
  Euphrosyne[人]欧菲柔细纳,400
  Eurasia; Sea of[地]欧亚海,xxi
  Eutychios[人]攸提开俄斯,84
  Fadl Allah Rashid ad…Din Tabib[人]拉施特(法德尔·阿拉赫·拉施特),见Rashid ad…Din
  Fakhr ad…Din Kert[人]法黑剌丁,380,385…386
  Fancheng[地]凡城,287
  Fang Kuo…chen[人]方国珍,323,324
  Faraj[人]法赖吉,447
  Fars[地]法尔斯,151,158,169,260,261,353,354,359,366,382,390,426,431,433,456,457,459,461
  Fatimids[朝]法提玛王朝,154
  Fedor (of Ryazan)[人](里亚赞的)费多尔,616注
  Fedulovo[地]费杜罗沃,16
  Fei…yang…ku[人]费扬古,530
  Fenek[地]费内克,176
  Fengsiang[地]凤翔,257
  Fengyang[地]凤阳(钟离)见Chungli
  Fengyüanfu[地]奉元府(长安),见Changan
  Feodosiya[地]喀发,见Caffa
  Fergana (Ta…yüan)[地]费尔干纳(大宛),xxii,8,28,29,36,40,43,48,116,117,142,144,234,344,423,426,438,463,464,482,486,488,492,494,496,497,498,554注
  Fettich; Nandor[人]弗蒂奇·南朵尔(著有《战国》)67,176,“Fighting States;”见“Warring States”
  Finance[专]财政,见Crimea; Genoese and Venetian bankers; Currency; Taxation
  Finno…Ugrian Languages[文]芬兰…乌戈尔语,xxv
  Finno…Ugrians[族]芬兰…乌戈尔种人,10…11,14,15,73,177,178
  Firdausi[人]费尔多希,243
  Five Hordes[族]五部落,56
  Flor des estoires d'Orient[书]《海顿行纪》(参看海顿),见Hayton
  Fokuru[地]富库鲁,8
  Four Confederates[族]四同盟者,参看卫拉特,见Oirat
  Four Garrisons[地]四镇(焉耆、喀什、于阗和库车),见Kara Shahr; Kashgar; Khotan; Kucha
  “Four Tughri”[地]四塔沟里,551注,568注
  Francesco da Podio[人]弗朗希斯科,319
  Francis (of Alexandria)[人]弗朗希斯,342
  Franks[族]法兰克人,56,60,62,173,174,175,178,359…360,364,371,449;参见Syria
  Friuli[地]弗留利,174
  Fu An (Chih Tao)[人]傅安(之道),353,459
  Fu Chien[人]苻坚,59,300
  Fuchow (Fugiu)[地]鄜州,232,287,305,308,311,518,603注
  Fukien[地]福建,287,304,307,308,323,324,518
  Fu…li(as title)[专]附离(称号),87
  Fundukistan[地]法杜克斯坦,51
  Funerary customs[专]葬礼,8,21,23,87,129,546注,591注
  Fungchow[地]丰州,见Yülin
  Fung Fung…shih[人]冯奉世,37
  Fur trading[专]皮毛贸易,403
  Fu…sho Sin[人]伏阇信,101
  Fu…te[人]富德,542
  Fu…ting[人]福定,603注
  Gaikhatu[人]海合都,309,373,377,612注
  Galatia[地]加拉底亚,157
  Galdan[人]噶尔丹,525…531,540,541
  Galdan Tsereng[人]葛尔丹策零,532,536…537,540,541
  Galicia (Galich)[地]加利西亚(或加利奇),6,8,246,265,266,395
  Galicia; Spanish[地](西班牙的)加利西亚,74
  Galilee[地]加利利,364
  Gandhara[地]犍陀罗,49,65,69,70,71
  Gandharan art[文]犍陀罗艺术,48…49,64,70
  Ganges[地]恒河,69,71,146,168,419
  Ganja[地]刚加,151,263
  Ganja…Karabakh[地]甘扎…卡拉巴克赫,5,545注
  Gardizi[人]迦尔迪齐,177,185,549注
  Garni[地]哈儿尼,见Karni
  Gaul[地]高卢,63,74,76
  Gaza[地]加沙,362,364
  Gazaria[地]可萨尼亚,见Khazaria
  Genoa[地]热那亚,374,375
  Genoese:在希俄斯[族]热那亚人,452;在克里米亚,247,312,374,403…407,442,471;在特拉布松,374
  George (1235…42)[人]阔儿吉思(乔治),见Korgüz
  George (死于1298年)[人]阔里吉思,见Korgüz
  George (son of 'Isa)[人]阔里吉思,304
  Georgia (and Georgians)[地]格鲁吉亚,谷儿只,5,186,245,246,260,263,272,347,350,358,360,364,371,430,433,434,450
  Georgios Tzoulos[人]乔治·佐勒斯,181
  Gepidae[族]吉别达伊人,73,75,78,173
  Ger (tents)[专]廓尔(帐篷),196
  Gerard[人]格拉德,314
  Geray[朝]格来王朝,见Girei
  Gerbillon; Père[人]热比荣,631注
  Geresandza (Geresandza Ochigin)[人]格森札斡惕赤斤,510,511
  Germania[地]日耳曼尼亚,173,179
  Germanic tribes[族]日耳曼部落,55,56,57,60,72…77,82,173,174,175;民族大迁徙,16,54
  Gestes des Chiprois[专](提尔的)圣殿骑士,见Templar of Tyre
  Getae[族]盖特人,548注
  Ghajawan[地]加贾湾,484
  Ghazan[人]合赞,309,373,376…383,396,613注
  Ghazaniyeh[地]加赞尼耶,384
  Ghaznavids;[朝]伽色尼王朝,xxvii; 143…147,149…150,159,167…168
  Ghazni[地]加兹尼城,143,144,159,167…168,170,241,242,382,387,431
  Ghiugiu[地]衢州,见Küchow
  Ghiyath ad…Din (活跃于1174年)[人]吉雅斯·阿德丁,168
  Ghiyath ad…Din (活跃于1224年)[人]嘉泰丁,260
  Ghiyath ad…Din (活跃于1270年)[人]八剌,见Baraq
  Ghiyath ad…Din Kert (活跃1307年)[人]嘉泰丁,386,387,389
  Ghiyath ad…Din II Pir 'Ali[人]嘉泰丁二世皮儿·阿里,427
  Ghor[地]古尔山区,167,168,352,382,427
  Ghorids[朝]古尔王朝,167…168,236,339,352…353,574注
  Ghurek (Ikhshedh Ghurek)[人]伊克谢德·胡拉克,116,117,118
  Ghuta[地]姑塔,447
  Ghuzz[族]古兹(参看乌古思),见Oghuz
  Gilgit (Little Pulu)[族]吉尔吉特(小勃律),118,119
  Gilotto[人]基罗托,342
  Giorgi III Lasha[人]吉奥吉尔三世拉沙,245,260
  Giorgi VI[人]乔治六世,434
  Giovanni da Marignolli[人]约翰·马黎诺里,319,342,404
  Giovanni da Montecorvino[人]约翰·孟德科维诺,302,313,314,317,318,319,605注
  Girei (Geray)[朝]格来王朝,471,472,473,475,477
  Girei; Hajji[人]哈吉·格来,见Hajji Girei
  Girines[地]吉里勒斯,267
  Gisolf; Buscarel de[人]布斯卡尔,见Buscarel de Gisolf
  Gliadenovo[地]格里亚德罗夫,548注
  Gobi Desert[地]戈壁滩,xxii,xxv,34,61,62,132,133,138,191,196,203,212,234,286,318,424,425,504,505,536;绿洲,参见Tarim
  Godan[人]阔端,259,593注,595注
  Godard; Madame[人]哥达德夫人,51
  Goduk Ahmed…pasha[人]哥杜克阿赫麦德(帕夏),471
  Goos; Benedict de[人]鄂本笃,见Benedict de Goes
  Gokcha (Sevan),Lake[地]哥克察克湖(塞凡湖),348,430
  Gold (people)[族]金人,515
  Golden Horde (Altan…ordo; Altunordu
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